Conservation : linking ecology, economics, and culture / Monique Borgerhoff Mulder and Peter Coppolillo.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Mulder, Monique Borgerhoff.

Contributor:

Coppolillo, Peter, 1970-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nature conservation--Philosophy.

Nature conservation.

Nature conservation--Economic aspects.

Nature conservation--Social aspects.

Physical Description:

xx, 347 pages : illustrations, maps ; 26 cm

Place of Publication:

Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, [2005]

Summary:

Nearly 90 percent of the earth's land surface is directly affected by human infrastructure and activities, yet less than 5 percent is legally "protected" for biodiversity conservation-and even most large protected areas have people living inside their boundaries. In all but a small fraction of the earth's land area, then, conservation and people must coexist. Conservation is a resource for all those who aim to reconcile biodiversity with human livelihoods. It traces the historical roots of modern conservation thought and practice, and explores current perspectives from evolutionary and community ecology, conservation biology, anthropology, political ecology, economics, and policy. The authors examine a suite of conservation strategies and perspectives from around the world, highlighting the most innovative and promising avenues for future efforts.

Exploring, highlighting, and bridging gaps between the social and natural sciences as applied in the practice of conservation, this book provides a broad, practically oriented view. It is essential reading for anyone involved in the conservation process-from academic conservation biology to the management of protected areas, rural livelihood development to poverty alleviation, and from community-based natural resource management to national and global policymaking.

Contents:

Chapter 1 The Many Roads to Conservation

1.2 Principal Threats to Biodiversity 2

1.3 Why Conserve Nature? Instrumental Values 3

Box 1.1 The Links between Health and Conservation 9

Box 1.2 Much More Than Stocks of Wood 10

1.4 Intrinsic Values 11

Box 1.3 Ecophilosophies 12

1.5 The Changing Practice of Conservation: First, Protection 15

Box 1.4 Man versus Nature: From Hunters to Penitent Butchers 17

1.6 Then Resource Management 16

1.7 Leading to Game Management, Multiple Use, and Broader Conservation Goals 20

Box 1.5 Early Environmentalists in the Colonies 23

Chapter 2 The Evolution of Policy 27

2.2 Global Conservation and Protected Areas 28

Box 2.1 Ancient Royal Forests 29

2.3 The Limits and Legacies of Protectionism 31

Box 2.2 Reserves: Their Comings and Goings in Peninsular Malaysia 35

Box 2.3 Coercive Conservation: Tigers, Lions, Carrots, and Sticks 38

2.4 Conservation "with a Human Face" 37

Box 2.4 The Evolution of Biosphere Reserves 40

Box 2.5 Sustainability-Mere Hopes about the Future 42

Box 2.6 The Ivory Wars: Debates over Utilization 43

2.5 The Rise of Community-Based Conservation 44

Box 2.7 Integrated Conservation and Development in Action: Annapurna 48

2.6 Imperiled Parks 49

Chapter 3 The Natural Science behind it All 53

3.2 From Natural History Comes Ecology and its Golden Age 54

Box 3.1 Stability and Equilibrium 57

Box 3.2 Maximum Sustainable Yield 59

3.3 Things Get Messy: Disturbance and Disequilibrium 60

Box 3.3 Stability, Pastoralism, and Opportunism 63

Box 3.4 Adaptive Management 64

Box 3.5 Ecological Sustainability: Still a Slippery Term 66

3.4 A Brave New Science: Conservation Biology 67

3.5 The Fire-Brigade Discipline Comes of Age 70

3.6 Conservation Planning 75

Box 3.6 Prioritizing Conservation Efforts 76

Chapter 4 Indigenous Peoples as Conservationists 81

4.2 Cultural and Biological Diversity 81

Box 4.1 Cultural and Biological Diversity in Central and Southern America 83

4.3 Guardians of Biodiversity 82

Box 4.2 Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Adaptive Management 86

Box 4.3 Sacred Groves 88

4.4 Ecological Impacts of Traditional Ways of Life 89

Box 4.4 Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Extinctions 90

4.5 The Long Shadow of an Ecologically Noble Savage 96

Box 4.5 Transitions in Ecological Noble Savage Thinking 98

Box 4.6 The Kayapo Controversy 100

4.6 Revisiting Cultural and Biological Diversity 101

Chapter 5 Conservation and Self-Interest 104

5.2 An Evolutionary Viewpoint 105

5.3 Design of a Conservation Act 107

Box 5.1 Prudent Predators? 108

5.4 An Intention to Conserve 110

Box 5.2 Family Hunting Territories in Subarctic Canada 112

5.5 Ecological Outcomes 111

Box 5.3 Humans as Top Predators 115

5.6 Conservation-Where, When, and Why? 114

Box 5.4 Selling the Forest for Instant Returns 117

5.7 Expanding the Toolkit 118

Box 5.5 Studying Hunting with Hunters in Paraguay's Mbaracayu Reserve 121

5.8 Policy Implications 120

Box 5.6 Evolutionary Aesthetics and the "Savanna Hypothesis" 126

Chapter 6 Rational Fools and the Commons 129

6.2 The Rational Fool Fumbles the Common Good 130

Box 6.1 Freedom in the Commons Brings Ruin to All 132

6.3 Commons Classics 133

Box 6.2 Changes in the Management of the Kenya Orma Commons 137

6.4 The Cooperation Game 136

Box 6.3 Experimental Games in Economics 139

Box 6.4 Asymmetries among Herders: The Barabaig Case 142

6.5 Culture, Norms, and Cooperation 143

Box 6.5 Coordinating the Subaks of Bali 145

6.6 The Study of Common-Property Institutions 146

6.7 Property Rights, Management, and Sustainable Outcomes 149

Box 6.6 Reviving Traditions in Sagarmatha National Park 151

Box 6.7 Social Forestry: Bihar and Beyond 154

Chapter 7 The Bigger Picture 156

7.2 What is Political Ecology? 157

Box 7.1 The Hen Has Starting Crowing 161

7.3 Tropical Forest Destruction and Population Growth 160

Box 7.2 IPAT 163

Box 7.3 Leviathan Rules 167

7.4 Biodiversity and its Human Dimensions 166

Box 7.4 Forest Islands in Guinea: Are They Man-Made? 169

Box 7.5 Social Ecology 171

7.5 Community as a Casualty 172

Box 7.6 Co-Management in a Landscape of Resistance: The Case of Alaska's Yup'ik 177

7.6 Where's the Ecology? 176

Chapter 8 Local People and International Conservation 181

8.2 Indigenous Movements and Conservationists 181

Box 8.1 Chipko: Grassroots Environmentalism with a Sting in its Tail 183

8.3 Room for Alliance, or Cover for Dalliance? 185

Box 8.2 Environmentalists Find Common Cause with Rainforest Dayak Peoples 187

Box 8.3 Enforced Primitivism and the "Bushman Problem" 191

Box 8.4 "Forget about Gola Forest!" 193

8.4 Bioprospecting or Biopiracy? 194

Box 8.5 Drug Development and Conservation in West and Central Africa 199

8.5 Green Consumerism 200

8.6 Conservation through Self-Determination 203

Box 8.6 Whatever Happened to PEMASKY? 206

8.7 The View from the Other Side 207

Chapter 9 Global Issues, Economics, and Policy 210

9.2 Ecological Economics and Environmental Valuation 211

Box 9.1 Does Kenya Profit from Protectionism? Ecological Economic Calculations 216

9.3 Business-Dancing with the Devil? 218

Box 9.2 Harnessing the International Market: Innovative Incentive Mechanisms 220

Box 9.3 The Business of Game Ranching 223

9.4 Buying a Nature Reserve 224

9.5 International Policy Initiatives: Who Pays? 227

Box 9.4 Debt-for-Nature Swaps 231

9.6 What Are the Rules? 233

Chapter 10 From How to Think to How to Act 238

10.2 Protectionism in the Name of Science 238

10.3 Protected Area Outreach 241

Box 10.1 Outreach in Tanzania 243

10.4 Conservation Education 244

Box 10.2 The Saint Lucia Parrot's Comeback 245

10.5 Ecotourism 248

Box 10.3 Trouble in Paradise? The Galapagos Archipelago 250

10.6 Integrated Conservation and Development 254

Box 10.4 "A Lemur Will Have to Meet You at the Airport": The ICD Project at Ranomafana 256

Box 10.5 CAMPFIRE under Fire 261

10.7 Extractive Reserves 262

Box 10.6 Extraction and the Maya Biosphere Reserve 264

10.8 Monitoring and Evaluation 267

Chapter 11 Red Flags: Still Seeing Things in Black and White? 274

11.2 No Development without Tears, and Other Debates 274

Box 11.1 Working for Water in South Africa 276

11.3 Integrative and Novel Solutions 279

Community-Based Protected Areas 279

Box 11.2 Flagging the Varzea in Brazil's Mamiraua Reserve 281

Dealing with Commerce 282

Box 11.3 Even in the Last Place on Earth: Exploitation and Conservation in Nouabale Ndoki 284

Direct Payments 284

Co-management 287

Box 11.4 Co-management in Australia's Kakadu National Park 289

Box 11.5 Fisheries Co-management in the Philippines: The Case of San Salvador 292

Participation and Capacity-Building 291

11.4 Spatial Scale and Integrating Conservation and Development 295

11.5 Means and Ends: The Many Orthogonal Axes of Conservation in Practice 297.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [303]-339) and index.

ISBN:

0691049793

0691049807

OCLC:

54407528

Online:

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Publisher description