Biomaterials and tissue engineering / D. Shi (ed.).

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Shi, Donglu.

Series:

Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering 1618-7210

Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering, 1618-7210

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Biomedical materials.

Tissue engineering.

Biocompatible Materials.

Biological Products.

Medical Subjects:

Biocompatible Materials.

Biological Products.

Physical Description:

xi, 246 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

Berlin ; New York : Springer, [2004]

Summary:

This work focuses on basic concepts and recent advances in the fields of biomaterials and tissue engineering. It covers a broad spectrum of biomaterials processing and structural characteristics including discussions of biocomposites, bioglasses and issues concerning biocompatibility and tissue engineering. The text also gives the necessary theoretical background as well as a wide range of practical applications. The level and style make it accessible not only to scientific and medical researchers but also to graduate students.

Contents:

1 Bioactive Materials and Processing 1

1.2 Calcium Phosphate Ceramics 3

1.2.1 Biological Apatites 4

1.2.2 Hydroxyapatite 5

1.2.3 Tricalcium Phosphate 22

1.2.4 Other Calcium Phosphate Compounds 26

1.3 Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics 27

1.3.1 Bioglass 27

1.3.2 Cerabone 33

1.3.3 Other Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics 37

1.4 Bioactive Coatings 40

1.4.1 Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings 40

1.4.2 Calcium Phosphate Coatings by Ion Beam Sputter Deposition 52

1.4.3 Bioactive Functionally Graded Coatings 53

1.5 Bioactive Composites 55

1.5.1 Bioactive Composites for Tissue Replacement and Regeneration 55

1.5.2 Bioactive Bone Cement 66

1.5.3 Bioactive Ceramic Matrix Composites 68

1.5.4 Bioactive Metal Matrix Composites 70

2 Biocompatibility of Materials 83

2.1.3 Applications of Biomaterials 86

2.2 The Host Responses to Materials 89

2.2.1 Protein Adsorption 89

2.2.2 Cell Adhesion 90

2.2.3 Blood Clotting/Coagulation 92

2.2.4 Tissue Response 97

2.3 Biological Performance of Biomaterials 99

2.3.1 Swelling and Leaching 99

2.3.2 Corrosion 100

2.3.3 Particulates 101

2.3.4 Surface Topography 102

2.4 Biocompatibility Assessment 104

2.4.1 First Level Tests: Biosafety Testing 105

2.4.2 Second Level Tests: Biofunctional Testing 108

2.5 Protein Adsorption at Interfaces 111

2.5.1 Concepts of Adsorption 112

2.5.2 Protein Adsorption at Interfaces 112

2.5.3 Thermodynamics 113

2.5.4 Transport Theory 114

2.5.5 Adsorption Theory 115

2.5.6 Factors Influencing Protein Adsorption 117

2.6 Surface Modifications for Enhanced Biocompatibility 119

2.6.1 Introduction to Surface Modification 119

2.6.2 Surface Characterization 120

2.6.3 Applications of PEG Surface Modification 121

2.6.4 Characteristics of PEG Coatings 125

2.6.5 PEG Surface Modification 126

2.7 Future Directions 133

2.7.1 Biocompatibility Assessment at the Molecular Level 134

2.7.2 Surface Modification Protocols for Improved Biocompatibility and Applications in Biotechnology 136

3 Biotechnological Applications of Inorganic Glasses 145

3.1 The Nature of Inorganic Glass 145

3.2 Why Inorganic Glasses? 146

3.2.1 Homogeneity 146

3.2.2 Compositional Flexibility 147

3.2.3 Flexibility in Manufacturing 147

3.2.4 Surface Modification 148

3.2.5 Other Modifications 149

3.3 Properties Pertinent to Biotechnology and Biomedicine 150

3.3.1 Chemical Durability 150

3.3.2 Surface Chemistry 153

3.3.3 Optical Properties 155

3.3.4 Mechanical Properties 158

3.3.5 Thermal, Electric, and Magnetic Properties 159

4 Biocomposite Materials for Biotechnology 163

4.2 High-Performance Titanium Phosphates 165

4.3 Preparation Procedures of Porous Glass-Ceramics 166

4.4 Porous Glass-Ceramics for Immobilization of Enzymes 168

4.4.1 Immobilization of Enzymes and Measurement of Activity 169

4.4.2 Immobilization of [beta]-Galactosidase 170

4.4.3 Immobilization of Alkalophilic Proteinase 171

4.4.4 Availability of Porous CaTi[subscript 4] (PO[subscript 4])[subscript 6] Glass-Ceramics 172

4.5 Porous Glass-Ceramics with Bacteriostatic Activity 173

4.5.1 Silver-Containing Porous Glass-Ceramics 173

4.5.2 Porous Glass-Ceramics with a Skeleton of Copper Titanium Phosphate 180

4.6 Porous Glass-Ceramics with an Integrated Skeleton 185

4.6.1 Preparation Procedure 186

4.6.2 Functions of Glass-Ceramics 188

5 Tissue Engineering 195

5.2 Tissue Engineering Approaches 197

5.3 Cells Used in Tissue Engineering 198

5.4 Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering 199

5.4.1 Polymeric Biomaterials 199

5.4.2 Metals 208

5.4.3 Ceramics 208

5.4.4 Ceramic/Polymer Composite Biomaterials 209

5.5 Tissue Engineering of Skin 215

5.5.1 Regeneration of the Epidermis 216

5.5.2 Regeneration of the Dermis 217

5.5.3 Living Skin Equivalent 218

5.6 Tissue Engineering of Bone 219

5.6.1 Bone Growth Induction 221

5.6.2 Cell Delivery 223

5.7 Tissue Engineering of the Peripheral Nervous System 225

5.7.1 Materials 226

5.7.2 Methods for Promoting Nerve Regeneration Inside NGCs 228

5.8 Tissue Engineering of the Heart Valve 230

5.9 Future Challenges 233.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

3540222030

OCLC:

56809124