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Barbary Corsairs : the end of a legend 1800-1820 / by Daniel Panzac ; translated from the French by Victoria Hobson ; and completed by John E. Hawkes.

DT204 .P33513 2005

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Format:: Book
Author/Creator:: Panzac, Daniel.
Series:: Ottoman Empire and its heritage ; v. 29.; The Ottoman Empire and its heritage ; v. 29
Standardized Title:: Corsaires barbaresques. English
Language:: English; French
Subjects (All):: Africa, North--History--1517-1882.; Africa, North.; North Africa.; History.
Physical Description:: x, 352 pages : illustrations, maps ; 25 cm.
Place of Publication:: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2005.
Contents:: Part 1 Privateering: An Age-Old Practice; Chapter 1 The Bases of Privateering 9; Regional Conditions 9; The Origins of the Corsair State 9; The Regencies in the Eighteenth Century 12; The Heads of State 12; State and Government 14; The Army 17; Privateering and Religion 21; Privateering and Diplomacy 25; 1600-1650: The First Agreements 25; 1650-1720: The Diplomat Admirals 31; 1720-1795: Appeased Relations 38; Changes in the Corsair Fleets 41; Chapter 2 Of Ships and Men 45; The Barbary Fleets 48; The Ships 48; Construction and Maintenance 51; The Men 56; The Shipowners and Fitting Out 57; The Corsair Captains 60; Origins 61; The Careers 63; The Crews 67; The Janissaries (on-board Infantry) 70; Life aboard Ship 71; Chapter 3 The Corsair Campaigns 73; The Temporary Return to Corsair Activities 73; International Relations in Upheaval 73; The Resumption of Corsair Activities 75; One Consequence: War between Tripoli and the United States 77; Day-to-Day Corsair Life 79; The Campaigning Season 79; Corsair Geography 83; Risks and Conditions of Corsair Life 89; Corsairs or Pirates? 89; The Organisation of Corsair Campaigns 90; The Campaigns 91; Corsair Practices 93; Raids on Land 94; The Capture of Ships 95; Chapter 4 Privateering and the Economy 101; Corsair Booty 101; Composition 101; The Ships 104; The Cargoes 106; The Captives 113; Dividing the Booty 121; The Principles of Distribution 121; The Corsairs' Share 124; The State's Share 130; Part 2 Shipping and Maritime Trade: Changed Circumstances and Changed Policy; Chapter 5 The Maghreb's Maritime Trade at the End of the Eighteenth Century 135; 1780-1789: A Decade of Multiple but Unequal Relations 135; Algiers 136; Tripoli 137; Tunis 139; Points of Departure and Destinations 139; Commercial Exchanges 141; Trade with Europe 141; Trade with Marseilles 143; Trade with the Ottoman Empire 143; The Economic Actors: The Carriers 145; The European Monopoly 145; The Maritime Caravan 147; The Economic Actors: The Charterers 149; A Decade of War (1793-1802) 152; New Conditions 152; New Charterers 153; 1795-1796 154; 1802-1803 155; The Shippers 159; Chapter 6 From Privateering to Shipping 161; The Rise of the Neutral States 161; The Maritime Activity of the Maghrebi 165; The North African Presence in Europe 165; Shipping Replaces Corsair Activities 170; The Geography of Maghrebi Shipping 174; Arrivals in European Ports 175; Leghorn 176; Marseilles 176; Barcelona 176; Malta 177; Ship Movements in Ports of the Maghreb 179; Algiers 179; Tunis 180; Tripoli 182; Maritime Transportation 185; The Charter Contracts 186; The Cargoes 187; The Regency of Tripoli 191; The Regency of Tunis 192; Chapter 7 The Commercial Fleets of the Maghreb 193; The Ships 193; The Personnel 201; The Captains 201; Morocco 201; Algiers 201; Tunis 202; Tripoli 203; The Crews 207; Commercial Navigation 211; A Convoy Arrives in Marseilles in 1809 211; Simple Crossings 214; The Long Voyages 219; Chapter 8 The Maghrebi Merchants and their Trade 221; The Careers of Several Merchants 221; Ahmed and Hassan Al-Faqih Hassan 221; Hamdan Ben Uthman Khodja 224; Ahmed and Yunis Ben Yunis 227; The Busnach and Bacri Families 234; Trade and Religion 237; The Family 238; The Community 238; Community Rivalries 240; Algiers 240; Tunis 241; The Maritime Trade Conditions in the Maghreb 245; Commercial Practices 246; The Role of the State 250; Intervention 252; Part 3 The Final Breakdown; Chapter 9 The Western Counter 259; From War to Peace 259; Wartime: from Uneasiness to Overt Opposition 259; Peacetime: the Great European Return to the Maghreb 263; Corsair Activities as a Last Resort 267; The Return of the Corsairs 267; The Western Response 270; The Americans go it Alone 270; The Problem becomes International 271; Lord Exmouth's First Naval Campaign (April-May 1816) 273; War On Algiers 275; The Military Forces Involved 275; The Coastal Defences of the Maghreb 275; The Anglo-Dutch fleet 280; The Battle 284; An Impossible Dialogue 289; Chapter 10 The Maghreb Faces up to its Problems 293; Political Fragility 293; Internal Power Struggles 294; Algiers 294; Tunis 296; Tripoli 298; Algiers: The Dominating Regency 300; Population Weakening and Decimation 303; The Plague 305; The Epidemic of 1792-1801 305; The Epidemic of 1816-1821 306; Food Shortages and Famines 307; A Marginalised Exchange Economy 310; The Weaknesses of the Regency of Algiers 310; Tunisian Trade Imbalance 311; North African Production Difficulties 315; Cereals 315; Olive Oil 316; Fezes 317; A Disturbing Monetary Depreciation 320; The Reactions of the Regencies 322; First Attempts at a Sanitary Policy 322; Territorial Expansion 323; An Invasive Fiscal Policy 325; Appendix Treaties signed between the Regencies and the Western States 335; Archives Consulted 339; Printed Sources 340.
Notes:: Includes bibliographical references (pages [339]-345) and indexes.
ISBN:: 9004125949
OCLC:: 54073847

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Barbary Corsairs : the end of a legend 1800-1820 / by Daniel Panzac ; translated from the French by Victoria Hobson ; and completed by John E. Hawkes.

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