Comparative Semitic philology in the Middle Ages : from Sa'adiah Gaon to Ibn Barūn (10th-12th c.) / by Aharon Maman ; translated into English by David Lyons.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Maman, Aaron.

Series:

Studies in Semitic languages and linguistics ; 40.

Studies in Semitic languages and linguistics ; 40

Language:

English

Hebrew

Subjects (All):

Hebrew language--Grammar, Comparative--Arabic--History.

Hebrew language.

Hebrew language--Grammar, Comparative--Aramaic--History.

Hebrew language--Grammar, Comparative.

History.

Hebrew language--Grammar, Comparative--Arabic.

Physical Description:

xviii, 497 pages ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2004.

Summary:

This volume deals with medieval comparative Semitic philology (Hebrew/Aramaic/Arabic) as practised by Hebrew philologists in the Arabic speaking lands, from Iraq to Spain, discussing its development through the generations (10th-12th cent. CE), its technics and its theoretical basis.

Contents:

The present study and previous studies 1

Delimitation of the subject 4

Chapter 1 The motives of the comparative philology 8

1.1 Linguistic motives 8

1.2 Literary motives 10

Chapter 2 The fundaments of comparison and the restrictions imposed 13

2.1 The permissible extent of comparative philology 13

2.2 The measure of affinity between the three languages 18

2.3 The problem of loan words: Were loans from Aramaic and Arabic reckoned with by the Hebrew grammarians? 21

2.4 The theory of substitutions 32

2.5 The theory of the root and its effect on comparative philology 39

2.6 The semantic equivalence factor 40

Chapter 3 Explicit comparisons 50

3.1 The nomenclature of the languages and the terminology for comparison 50

3.2 Explicit comparison identifiable on tauto-etymological grounds 60

3.3 Explicit comparison on the strength of the Arabic model 61

3.4 Implicit comparisons holding the rank of explicit comparisons 61

3.5 Comparison formulae 62

3.6 Explicit comparisons of Hebrew with Aramaic 63

3.7 The three-way comparison: Heb./Aram./Arab. 74

3.8 The Heb./Arab. comparison 76

3.9 The Aram./Arab. comparison 76

Chapter 4 The implicit comparison 80

4.1 "Zero" term 83

4.2 Integrated comparisons with explicit and implicit components 83

4.3 Implicit comparison in one place converted elsewhere into explicit 84

4.4 Implicit comparison by one scholar converted into explicit by a subsequent one 85

4.5 Sequence of several words translated by their Arabic cognates 86

4.6 Hebrew synonyms and their Arabic synonym equivalents 86

4.7 Entries translated by both cognates and non-cognates 90

4.8 The location of the cognate when accompanied by synonyms 93

4.9 The choice between a cognate and a non-cognate 94

4.10 Entries translated only by cognates 95

Chapter 5 The aims of language comparison 100

5.1 Typology of the linguistic works 100

5.2 The aims of comparison as promulgated by the authors 102

5.3 Aims of comparison according to the comparison formulae 104

Chapter 6 Language comparison in treatises translated into Hebrew 138

6.1 Omissions of explicit comparisons 140

6.2 "Zero" in 'Usul > "comparison" in Shorashim 148

6.3 Aram./Arab. comparisons in Shorashim 157

6.4 Ibn Tibbon retention of comparisons in 'Usul 158

6.5 Ibn Tibbon's method of adducing Arabic materials in comparisons and in inner-Arabic specimens 160

Chapter 7 Rav Sa`adiah Ga'on 162

7.1 Grammatical comparisons 163

7.2 Hebrew/Arabic stylistic comparisons 165

7.3.1 Lexical comparisons of Hebrew/Arabic cognates 165

7.3.2 Hebrew/Arabic semantic comparisons 166

7.3.3 Hebrew/Aramaic etymological comparisons 166

7.3.4 Implicit comparisons 169

7.3.5 Translation by cognates 172

7.4 Nomenclature and comparative terms 178

Chapter 8 R. Judah ibn Quraysh (in remark Dunash b. Tamim) 180

Chapter 9 David b. Abraham Alfasi's comparative philology 182

9.1 Alfasi's theory of language comparisons 182

9.2 Comparisons in areas of syntax and style 186

9.3 Letter substitutions in the comparison theory 188

9.4 The Hebrew/Aramaic comparisons 196

9.5 Explicit comparisons: Hebrew/Arabic 213

9.6 Hebrew/Aramaic/Arabic 224

9.7 Cognate Aram./Arab. comparisons 228

9.8 Full listing of Heb./Arab. implicit comparisons 228

9.9 Uncertain comparisons 232

9.10 The comparisons as reflected in the texts of the copyists and compendia editors of Alfasi's lexicon 234

9.11 The comparison terminology 236

9.12 The sources used by David b. Abraham Alfasi 250

Chapter 10 Menahem B. Saruq 276

10.1 Menahem b. Saruq and his opinion on Hebrew comparison with Arabic 276

10.2 Hebrew/Aramaic comparison as recorded by Menahem 283

10.3 The nomenclature for the languages and the comparison terminology 287

10.4 Comparisons recorded by Menahem's disciples 288

10.5 Comparative terms 288

Chapter 11 Dunash ben Labrat 289

11.1 Comparisons with Arabic 289

11.2 Letter interchanges 292

11.3 Hebrew/Aramaic comparisons 293

11.4 Grammatical comparisons 294

11.5 The comparative terms 295

Chapter 12 Rabbi Judah Hayyuj 296

12.1 Comparisons in the grammatical treatises 296

12.2 The comparisons in Kitab al-Nutaf 297

12.3 Nomenclature for the languages and the comparative terminology 298

Chapter 13 R. Jonah Ibn Janah 299

13.1 Ibn Janah's comparative philology and the text versions of the Rouen manuscript 300

13.2 The theory of letter interchange as used by Ibn Janah 316

13.3 The condition necessary for comparison record: A comparison established only in instances of specificity 324

13.4 Comparison methods 326

13.5 Comparison with Aramaic cognates 330

13.6 On formula Bib. Heb.[subscript 1]/Bib. Heb.[subscript 2]/Targ. Aram./Arab. 337

13.7 Listing of comparisons on formula Bib. Heb./Targ. Aram. (non-cognate) 339

13.8 Comparison of Hebrew with Arabic 341

13.9 Explicit comparisons in 'Usul/"zero" in Shorashim (Heb./Arab. cognates) 343

13.10 Implicit comparison-cognate in 'Usul/"zero" comparison in Shorashim 345

13.11 Implicit comparison-cognate 'Usul/explicit comparison in Shorashim 347

13.12 Explicit comparison-non-cognate translation synonym 347

13.13 Explicit "semantic" comparisons at entries which are non-cognates both in 'Usul and in Shorashim 348

13.14 Heb./Arab. explicit semantic comparisons in 'Usul/"zero" in Shorashim 350

13.15 Comparisons in Ibn Janah's Opuscules 352

13.16 Comparative philology in Sefer haRiqmah 353

13.17 Uncertain comparisons 355

13.18 Rejected comparisons 355

13.19 Nomenclature for languages and comparative terminology 357

13.20 Ibn Janah's sources 367

13.21 The unique nature of Ibn Janah's comparisons 368

Chapter 14 Hai Ga'on, Abu-l-Faraj, Samuel HaNagid and Abraham HaBavli 371

14.1 R. Hai Ga'on 371

14.2 Abu-l-Faraj Harun Ibn Al-Faraj 375

14.3 R. Shemuel HaNagid 380

14.4 Abraham HaBavli 382

Chapter 15 Mosheh HaKohen ibn Gikatilla, Judah b. Bal'am and Isaac b. Barun 384

15.1 Mosheh Hakohen ibn Gikatilla 384

15.2 Judah ibn Bal'am 385

15.3 Isaac ibn Barun 392

Chapter 16 The chart of comparisons 413.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [479]-489) and index.

ISBN:

9004136207

OCLC:

55596257