Astronomical optics / Daniel J. Schroeder.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Schroeder, D. J.

Contributor:

Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Astronomical instruments.

Optics.

Physical Description:

xiv, 478 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

San Diego : Academic Press, [2000]

Summary:

This book provides a unified treatment of the characteristics of telescopes of all types, including telescopes whose performance is set by geometrical aberrations and the effect of the atmosphere, and those diffraction-limited telescopes designed for observations from above the atmosphere. The emphasis throughout is on basic principles, such as Fermat's principle, and their application to optical systems specifically designed to image distant celestial sources. Astronomical Optics, Second Edition also contains thorough discussions of the principles underlying all spectroscopic instrumentation, giving special emphasis to grating instruments used with telescopes. An introduction to adaptive optics provides the needed background for further inquiry into this rapidly developing area.

Contents:

1.1. A Bit of History 1

1.2. Approach to Subject 4

Chapter 2 Preliminaries: Definitions and Paraxial Optics 7

2.1. Sign Conventions 8

2.2. Paraxial Equation for Refraction 9

2.3. Paraxial Equation for Reflection 12

2.4. Two-Surface Refracting Elements 14

2.5. Two-Mirror Telescopes 17

2.6. Stops and Pupils 22

Chapter 3 Fermat's Principle: An Introduction 27

3.1. Fermat's Principle in General 28

3.2. Fermat's Principle and Refracting Surfaces 31

3.3. Wave Interpretation of Fermat's Principle 36

3.4. Fermat's Principle and Reflecting Surfaces 37

3.5. Conic Sections 41

3.6. Fermat's Principle and the Atmosphere 42

4.1. Reflecting Conics and Focal Length 49

4.2. Spherical Aberration 50

4.3. Reflecting Conics and Finite Object Distance 57

4.4. Off-Axis Aberrations 59

4.5. Aberration Compensation 61

Chapter 5 Fermat's Principle and Aberrations 70

5.1. Application to Surface of Revolution 70

5.2. Evaluation of Aberration Coefficients 75

5.3. Ray and Wavefront Aberrations 78

5.4. Summary of Aberrative Results, Stop at Surface 84

5.5. Aberrations for Displaced Stop 88

5.6. Aberrations for Multisurface Systems 93

5.7. Curvature of Field 97

5.8. Aberrations for Decentered Pupil 103

Appendix A Comparison with Seidel Theory 110

Chapter 6 Reflecting Telescopes 112

6.1. Paraboloid 113

6.2. Two-Mirror Telescopes 115

6.3. Alignment Errors in Two-Mirror Telescopes 132

6.4. Three-Mirror Telescopes 144

6.5. Four-Mirror Telescopes 154

Chapter 7 Schmidt Telescopes and Cameras 164

7.1. General Schmidt Configuration 165

7.2. Characteristics of Aspheric Plate 167

7.3. Schmidt Telescope Example 174

7.4. Achromatic Schmidt Telescope 177

7.5. Solid- and Semisolid-Schmidt Cameras 181

Chapter 8 Catadioptric Telescopes and Cameras 185

8.1. Schmidt-Cassegrain Telescopes 185

8.2. Cameras with Meniscus Correctors 197

8.3. All-Reflecting Wide-Field Systems 204

Chapter 9 Auxiliary Optics for Telescopes 206

9.1. Field Lenses, Flatteners 207

9.2. Prime Focus Correctors 210

9.3. Cassegrain Focus Correctors 216

9.4. Cassegrain Focal Reducers 220

9.5. Atmospheric Dispersion Correctors 225

9.6. Fiber Optics 237

Chapter 10 Diffraction Theory and Aberrations 240

10.1. Huygens-Fresnel Principle 241

10.2. Perfect Image: Circular Aperture 246

10.3. The Near Perfect Image 257

10.4. Comparison: Geometric Aberrations and the Diffraction Limit 270

10.5. Diffraction Integrals and Fourier Theory 271

Chapter 11 Transfer Functions; Hubble Space Telescope 277

11.1. Transfer Functions and Image Characteristics 277

11.2. Hubble Space Telescope, Prelaunch Expectations 291

11.3. Hubble Space Telescope, Postlaunch Reality 298

Chapter 12 Spectrometry: Definitions and Basic Principles 304

12.2. Slit Spectrometers 308

12.3. Fiber-Fed Spectrometers 317

12.4. Slitless Spectrometers 318

12.5. Spectrometers in Diffraction Limit 318

Chapter 13 Dispersing Elements and Systems 321

13.1. Dispersing Prism 321

13.2. Diffraction Grating; Basic Relations 323

13.3. Echelles 327

13.4. Grating Efficiency 331

13.5. Fabry-Perot Interferometer 342

13.6. Fourier Transform Spectrometer 347

Chapter 14 Grating Aberrations; Concave Grating Spectrometers 352

14.1. Application of Fermat's Principle to Grating Surface 353

14.2. Grating Aberrations 357

14.3. Concave Grating Mountings 362

Chapter 15 Plane Grating Spectrometers 368

15.1. All-Reflecting Spectrometers 369

15.2. Pixel Matching 377

15.3. Fast Spectrometers 378

15.4. Fiber-Fed Spectrometers 383

15.5. Echelle Spectrometers 384

15.6. Nonobjective Slitless Spectrometers 396

Chapter 16 Adaptive Optics: An Introduction 409

16.1. Effects of Atmospheric Turbulence 410

16.2. Correction of Wavefront Distortion 415

16.3. Adaptive Optics: Systems and Components 421

Chapter 17 Detectors, Signal-to-Noise, and Detection Limits 425

17.1. Detector Characteristics 426

17.2. Signal-to-Noise Ratio 433

17.3. Detection Limits and Signal-to-Noise Ratio 435

17.4. Detection Limits: Stellar Photometry 438

17.5. Detection Limits: Spectroscopy 440

Chapter 18 Large Mirrors and Telescope Arrays 444

18.1. Large Mirrors 444

18.2. Telescope Arrays; Interferometers 451.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

ISBN:

0126298106

OCLC:

42622177

Online:

Publisher description