The years of hunger : Soviet agriculture, 1931-1933 / R.W. Davies and Stephen G. Wheatcroft.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Davies, R. W. (Robert William), 1925-2021.

Contributor:

Wheatcroft, S. G.

Series:

Davies, R. W. (Robert William), 1925-2021. Industrialisation of Soviet Russia ; 5.

The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia ; 5

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Collectivization of agriculture--Soviet Union--History.

Collectivization of agriculture.

Famines.

History.

Collective farms.

Soviet Union.

Collective farms--Soviet Union--History.

Famines--Soviet Union--History.

Soviet Union--Economic policy--1928-1932.

Economic policy.

Soviet Union--Economic policy--1933-1937.

Physical Description:

xvii, 555 pages ; 23 cm.

Place of Publication:

Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

Summary:

This book examines the Soviet agricultural crisis of 1931-1933 which culminated in the major famine of 1933. It is the first volume in English to make extensive use of Russian and Ukrainian central and local archives to assess the extent and causes of the famine. It reaches new conclusions on how far the famine was "organized" or "artificial," and compares it with other Russian and Soviet famines and with major twentieth century famines elsewhere. Against this background, it discusses the emergence of collective farming as an economic and social system.

Contents:

1 The Second Collectivisation Drive, 1931 1

2 The Second Phase of Dekulakisation, 1931 20

3 The 1931 Grain Harvest 48

(A) The Autumn Sowing, 1930 48

(B) The Spring Sowing 53

(C) The Harvest 65

4 Grain Collections from the 1931 Harvest 79

(A) The Collection Plan 79

(B) The Campaign 91

5 The 1932 Grain Harvest 105

(A) The Autumn Sowing, 1931 105

(B) The Spring Sowing, 1932 107

(C) The Harvest 123

6 Grain Collections from the 1932 Harvest 137

(A) The Grain Collection Plan for 1932/33 137

(B) First Stage of the Campaign, July-November 1932 142

(i) Resistance 144

(ii) Enforcement 162

(iii) Relaxation 181

(C) The Desperate Battle for Grain, December 1932-February 1933 185

(i) The revised grain distribution plan, December 9, 1932 185

(ii) The December collections 187

(iii) The January 1933 collections 197

(iv) The grain collections and the January plenum 201

(D) Grain in the Time of Famine, February-July 1933 204

(i) Famine 204

(ii) The First All-Union Congress of Kolkhoz Shock Workers 207

(iii) The grain collections 209

(iv) Relaxation and repression 211

(v) The grain budget 224

7 The 1933 Grain Harvest 231

(A) The Autumn Sowing, 1932 231

(B) The Spring Sowing, 1933 233

(C) The Harvest 239

(D) Measuring the Harvest 243

8 Grain Collections from the 1933 Harvest 250

(A) The Law on Compulsory Deliveries 250

(B) The Grain Plan 259

(C) The Collections 262

9 Crops Other Than Grain 268

(A) Food Crops 269

(i) Sugar beet 269

(ii) Potatoes and vegetables 274

(iii) Vegetable oils 283

A note on 'decentralised collections' of food 288

(B) Industrial Crops 291

(i) Cotton 291

(ii) Flax 298

10 The Livestock Disaster 301

(A) The Drive for Socialisation, Autumn 1930 to December 1931 301

(B) The Retreat from Socialisation, 1932/33 309

(C) The Kazakh Catastrophe 321

(D) The Outcome 326

11 The Sovkhozy 332

12 The Kolkhozy 348

(A) State Control of the Kolkhoz 351

(B) The Structure of the Kolkhoz 364

(C) The Kolkhoz Brigade 370

(D) The Income of the Collective Farmer 375

(i) Remuneration from the kolkhoz: the problem of the labour day 375

(ii) Remuneration from the kolkhoz: payment in money 382

(iii) Remuneration from the kolkhoz: payment in kind 384

(iv) The household plot 389

(v) Earnings from otkhodnichestvo 392

(E) Money Income as a Whole 397

13 The Famine in Perspective 400

(A) Famines before 1930 402

(i) 1891/92 402

(ii) The double famine of 1918-22 403

(B) The Urban Food Crisis of 1928-33 406

(C) The Famine in Kazakhstan 408

(D) The Rural Famine of 1932-33 409

(i) Areas affected by the famine 409

(ii) Deaths from the famine 412

(iii) Excess deaths by region 415

(iv) Excess deaths by social group 417

(v) Use of food substitutes 421

(vi) Cannibalism 421

(vii) Food assistance 424

(viii) Movement control 426

(ix) Disease 429

(E) Causes of the Famine 431

(ii) Why did agricultural production decline so precipitately? 434

(iii) Coping with the famine crisis 440

Appendix A Note on the Grain Harvests 442.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 522-532) and indexes.

ISBN:

0333311078

OCLC:

52251306

Online:

Publisher description