Nanocomposite science and technology / P.M. Ajayan, L.S. Schadler, P.V. Braun.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Ajayan, P. M. (Pulickel M.)

Contributor:

Schadler, L. S. (Linda S.)

Braun, P. V. (Paul V.)

Rosengarten Family Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Composite materials.

Nanostructured materials.

Nanotechnology.

Physical Description:

ix, 230 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Place of Publication:

Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, [2003]

Summary:

The field of nanocomposites has the attention and imagination of scientists and engineers in recent years. The reason for this is based on the simple premise that by using building blocks with dimensions in the nanosize region, it is possible to design and create new materials with unprecedented flexibility and improvements in their physical properties. Composites using nanosize building blocks of heterogeneous chemical species have been shown in several interdisciplinary fields. This book will capture the essence of this emerging technology, the underlying science and motivation behind the design of these structures and the future, particularly from the perspective of applications. The book is intended to be a reference handbook for future scientists and hence will carry the basic science and the fundamental engineering principles that lead to the fabrication and property evaluation of nanocomposite materials in different areas of materials technology.

Contents:

1 Bulk Metal and Ceramics Nanocomposites / Pulickel M. Ajayan 1

1.2 Ceramic/Metal Nanocomposites 3

1.2.1 Nanocomposites by Mechanical Alloying 6

1.2.2 Nanocomposites from SolGel Synthesis 8

1.2.3 Nanocomposites by Thermal Spray Synthesis 11

1.3 Metal Matrix Nanocomposites 14

1.4 Bulk Ceramic Nanocomposites for Desired Mechanical Properties 18

1.5 Thin-Film Nanocomposites: Multilayer and Granular Films 23

1.6 Nanocomposites for Hard Coatings 24

1.7 Carbon Nanotube-Based Nanocomposites 31

1.8 Functional Low-Dimensional Nanocomposites 35

1.8.1 Encapsulated Composite Nanosystems 36

1.8.2 Applications of Nanocomposite Wires 44

1.8.3 Applications of Nanocomposite Particles 45

1.9 Inorganic Nanocomposites for Optical Applications 46

1.10 Inorganic Nanocomposites for Electrical Applications 49

1.11 Nanoporous Structures and Membranes: Other Nanocomposites 53

1.12 Nanocomposites for Magnetic Applications 57

1.12.1 Particle-Dispersed Magnetic Nanocomposites 57

1.12.2 Magnetic Multilayer Nanocomposites 59

1.12.2.1 Microstructure and Thermal Stability of Layered Magnetic Nanocomposites 59

1.12.2.2 Media Materials 61

1.13 Nanocomposite Structures having Miscellaneous Properties 64

1.14 Concluding Remarks on Metal/Ceramic Nanocomposites 69

2 Polymer-based and Polymer-filled Nanocomposites / Linda S. Schadler 77

2.2 Nanoscale Fillers 80

2.2.1 Nanofiber or Nanotube Fillers 80

2.2.1.1 Carbon Nanotubes 80

2.2.1.2 Nanotube Processing 85

2.2.1.3 Purity 88

2.2.1.4 Other Nanotubes 89

2.2.2 Plate-like Nanofillers 90

2.2.3 Equi-axed Nanoparticle Fillers 93

2.3 Inorganic FillerPolymer Interfaces 96

2.4 Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites 100

2.4.1 Nanotube/Polymer Composites 100

2.4.2 Layered FillerPolymer Composite Processing 103

2.4.2.1 Polyamide Matrices 107

2.4.2.2 Polyimide Matrices 107

2.4.2.3 Polypropylene and Polyethylene Matrices 108

2.4.2.4 Liquid-Crystal Matrices 108

2.4.2.5 Polymethylmethacrylate/Polystyrene Matrices 108

2.4.2.6 Epoxy and Polyurethane Matrices 109

2.4.2.7 Polyelectrolyte Matrices 110

2.4.2.8 Rubber Matrices 110

2.4.3 Nanoparticle/Polymer Composite Processing 111

2.4.3.1 Direct Mixing 111

2.4.3.2 Solution Mixing 112

2.4.3.3 In-Situ Polymerization 112

2.4.3.4 In-Situ Particle Processing Ceramic/Polymer Composites 112

2.4.3.5 In-Situ Particle Processing Metal/Polymer Nanocomposites 114

2.4.4 Modification of Interfaces 117

2.4.4.1 Modification of Nanotubes 117

2.4.4.2 Modification of Equi-axed Nanoparticles 118

2.4.4.3 Small-Molecule Attachment 118

2.4.4.4 Polymer Coatings 119

2.4.4.5 Inorganic Coatings 121

2.5 Properties of Composites 122

2.5.1 Mechanical Properties 122

2.5.1.1 Modulus and the Load-Carrying Capability of Nanofillers 122

2.5.1.2 Failure Stress and Strain Toughness 127

2.5.1.3 Glass Transition and Relaxation Behavior 131

2.5.1.4 Abrasion and Wear Resistance 132

2.5.2 Permeability 133

2.5.3 Dimensional Stability 135

2.5.4 Thermal Stability and Flammability 136

2.5.5 Electrical and Optical Properties 138

2.5.5.1 Resistivity, Permittivity, and Breakdown Strength 138

2.5.5.2 Optical Clarity 140

2.5.5.3 Refractive Index Control 141

2.5.5.4 Light-Emitting Devices 141

2.5.5.5 Other Optical Activity 142

3 Natural Nanobiocomposites, Biomimetic Nanocomposites, and Biologically Inspired Nanocomposites / Paul V. Braun 155

3.2 Natural Nanocomposite Materials 157

3.2.1 Biologically Synthesized Nanoparticles 159

3.2.2 Biologically Synthesized Nanostructures 160

3.3 Biologically Derived Synthetic Nanocomposites 165

3.3.1 Protein-Based Nanostructure Formation 165

3.3.2 DNA-Templated Nanostructure Formation 167

3.3.3 Protein Assembly 169

3.4 Biologically Inspired Nanocomposites 171

3.4.1 Lyotropic Liquid-Crystal Templating 178

3.4.2 Liquid-Crystal Templating of Thin Films 194

3.4.3 Block-Copolymer Templating 195

3.4.4 Colloidal Templating 197

4 Modeling of Nanocomposites / Catalin Picu, Pawel Keblinski 215

4.1 Introduction: The Need For Modeling 215

4.2 Current Conceptual Frameworks 216

4.3 Multiscale Modeling 217

4.4 Multiphysics Aspects 220

4.5 Validation 221.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Rosengarten Family Fund.

ISBN:

3527303596

OCLC:

48834939