AIP physics desk reference.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Cohen, E. Richard, 1922-

Lide, David R., Jr., 1928-

Trigg, George L.

Anne and Joseph Trachtman Memorial Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Physics--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Physics.

Astronomy--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Astronomy.

Genre:

Handbooks and manuals.

Physical Description:

xxxv, 888 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Edition:

Third edition / E. Richard Cohen, David R. Lide, George L. Trigg, editors.

Other Title:

Physics desk reference

first edition: Physics vade mecum

Place of Publication:

New York : Springer, [2003]

Summary:

This new edition of the AIP Physics Desk Reference has been thoroughly updated and modernized to reflect new developments in the decade since the publication of the second edition. Data, references, and bibliographies have been updated completely, and new chapters have been added on environmental physics, electricity and magnetism, elementary particle physics, fluid dynamics, nonlinear physics, particle accelerators, polymer physics, and quantum theory, as well as a concluding chapter on practical laboratory data. An indispensable tool for the researcher, professional, and student, the AIP Physics Desk Reference provides concise compilation of the most frequently used data and formulae in physics, astrophysics, and related fields.

Contents:

1. Symbols, Units, and Nomenclature / E. Richard Cohen 1

1.1 Physical Quantities 2

1.2 Physical Units 3

1.3 The International System of Units (Systeme International, SI) 4

1.4 Recommended Symbols for Physical Quantities 8

1.5 Nomenclature Conventions in Nuclear Physics 20

2. Mathematical Basics / E. Richard Cohen 22

2.1 Factorials 24

2.2 Progression and Series 24

2.3 Means 24

2.4 Summation Formulas 25

2.5 Binomial Theorem 25

2.6 Quadratic Equation 25

2.7 Differentiation 26

2.8 Integration 27

2.9 Logarithmic functions 28

2.10 Exponential Functions 28

2.11 Trigonometric Functions 29

2.12 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 32

2.13 Hyperbolic Functions 33

2.14 Inverse Hyperbolic Functions 35

2.15 Gamma Function 36

2.16 Delta Function 38

2.17 Vector Algebra 39

2.18 Orthogonal Coordinate Systems 43

2.19 Fourier Series and Fourier Transforms 47

2.20 Laplace Transforms 48

3. Acoustics / Robert T. Beyer 60

3.1 Important Acoustical Units 62

3.2 Oscillations of a Linear System 63

3.3 General Linear Acoustics; Wave Propagation in Fluids 65

3.4 High-Intensity Sound; Nonlinear Acoustics 72

3.5 Atmospheric Acoustics 75

3.6 Underwater Sound 76

3.7 Acoustic Transmission in Solids 77

3.8 Molecular Acoustics; Relaxation Processes 78

3.9 Bubbles, Cavitation, Sonoluminescence 80

3.10 Nondestructive Testing, Ultrasonic Imaging 81

3.11 Noise and Its Control 81

3.12 Room and Architectural Acoustics 83

3.13 Physiological and Psychological Acoustics 85

3.14 Speech Communication 88

3.15 Bioacoustics 88

3.16 Musical Acoustics 89

3.17 Acoustical Measurements and Instruments 89

4. Astronomy / Jay M. Pasachoff 93

4.1 Basic Data 94

4.2 Solar Systems 95

4.3 Stars and the Milky Way 100

4.4 Time and Planetary Positions 112

5. Astrophysics and Cosmology / Virginia Trimble 119

5.1 Stellar Astronomy 120

5.2 Binary Stars 127

5.3 Star Clusters, Interstellar Medium, and The Milky Way 128

5.4 Galaxies 131

5.5 High-Energy Astrophysics 136

5.6 Cosmology 141

6. Atomic and Molecular Collision Processes / M. R. Flannery 145

6.2 Collisions 148

6.3 General Collision Properties 153

6.4 Equilibrium Distributions 163

6.5 Macroscopic Rate Coefficients 175

6.6 Quantal Transition Rates and Cross Sections 178

6.7 Born Cross Sections 186

6.8 Quantal Potential Scattering 194

6.9 Collisions between Identical Particles 202

6.10 Classical Potential Scattering 206

6.11 Quantal Inelastic Heavy-Particle Collisions 211

6.12 Semiclassical Inelastic Scattering 219

6.13 Long-Range Interactions 224

6.14 Radiative Processes 225

6.15 Atomic and Molecular Databases 238

7. Atomic Spectroscopy / Wolfgang L. Wiese 242

7.2 Photon Energies, Frequencies, and Wavelengths 243

7.3 Atomic States, Atomic Shell Structure 245

7.4 The Hydrogen Spectrum 246

7.5 Alkali Spectra 246

7.6 Atomic States and Spectra for Many-Electron Atoms 247

7.7 Atomic Structure Hierarchies, Selection Rules for Discrete Transitions 250

7.8 Spectral Line Intensities, Atomic Transition Probabilities, f-Values, and Line Strengths 252

7.9 Atomic (Radiative) Lifetimes 257

7.10 Scaling, Systematic Trends (Regularities), and Important Characteristics of Spectra 258

7.11 Spectral Line Shapes, Widths, and Shifts 260

7.12 Spectral Continuum Radiation 262

7.13 Sources of Spectroscopic Data 263

8. Biological Physics / Elias Greenbaum, Victor Bloomfield 265

8.2 Intermolecular Forces 267

8.3 Nucleic Acids 269

8.4 Proteins and Amino Acids 272

8.5 Binding Thermodynamics 274

8.6 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 275

8.7 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance 278

8.8 Thermodynamics, Mitochrondria, and Chloroplasts 280

8.9 Signaling and Transport Across Cell Membranes 284

8.10 Electrophysiology 289

8.11 Photobiophysics 293

8.12 Muscle and Contractility 295

8.13 Characterizing Biopolymers in Solution 297

8.14 Biophysics, the Health Sciences, and Emerging Technology 300

9. Crystallography / George A. Jeffrey, Vicky Lynn Karen 306

9.1 Historical Sketch 307

9.2 Crystal Data and Symmetry 309

9.3 Crystal Diffraction 316

9.4 Structure Factor 326

9.5 Thermal Motion 332

9.6 Diffracting Density Function 335

9.7 Phase Problem 336

9.8 Crystal Structure Refinement: Method of Least Squares 337

9.10 Appendix: Crystallographic Data Sources 343

10. Earth, Ocean, and Atmosphere Physics / Ferris Webster 349

10.2 Properties of Planet Earth 350

10.3 Ocean 353

10.4 Atmosphere 363

10.5 Global Climate 370

11. Electricity and Magnetism / David J. Griffiths 376

11.2 Electrostatics 377

11.3 Magnetostatics 380

11.4 Electrodynamics 382

11.5 Conservation Laws 386

11.6 Electromagnetic Waves 387

11.7 Radiation 390

11.8 Relativistic Formulation 393

11.9 Circuits 395

11.10 Units 398

12. Elementary Particles / H. Schellman 402

12.1 The Standard Model 403

12.2 Selected Particle Properties 408

12.3 Kinematics 410

12.4 Decays and Cross Sections 414

12.5 Particle Detectors 418

13. Fluid Dynamics / Stavros Tavoularis 425

13.2 Properties of Common Fluids 427

13.3 Mathematical Description 429

13.4 Instability, Transition, and Turbulence 434

13.5 Friction and Drag 435

13.6 Gas Dynamics 437

13.7 Measurement in Fluids 439

14. Mechanics / Florian Scheck 444

14.2 Newtonian Mechanics 445

14.3 Canonical Mechanics 450

14.4 Rigid Bodies 455

14.5 Relativistic Kinematics 458

14.6 Hamiltonian Dynamical Systems 464

15. Medical Physics / William R. Hendee, Michael Yester 467

15.2 Ionizing Radiation: X- and [gamma]-Rays 470

15.3 Ionizing Radiation: Electrons 478

15.4 Health Risks 480

15.5 Ultrasound 480

15.6 Magnetic Resonance 480

15.7 Brachytherapy 483

15.8 Nuclear Medicine 487

16. Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure / Peter F. Bernath 492

16.2 Rotational Spectroscopy 493

16.3 Vibrational Spectroscopy 502

16.4 Electronic Spectra 513

16.5 Structure Determination 517

17. Nonlinear Physics and Complexity / Paul Manneville 522

17.1 Dynamical Systems and Bifurcations 523

17.2 Chaos and Fractals 529

17.3 Space-Time Dynamical Systems 536

18. Nuclear Physics / Kenneth S. Krane 544

18.1 Nuclear Properties 545

18.2 Radioactive Decay 549

18.3 Nuclear Models 555

18.4 Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with Matter 559

18.5 Nuclear Reactions 563

18.6 Compilations of nuclear data 565

19. Optics / Joseph Reader 568

19.1 Reflection and Refraction 570

19.2 Absorption 577

19.3 Lenses 578

19.4 Mirrors 581

19.5 Diffraction 583

19.6 Interference 586

19.7 Spectra 593

20. Particle Accelerators and Storage Rings / Kai Desler, Donald A. Edwards 597

20.2 Single-Particle Motion 598

20.3 Multiparticle Dynamics 615

21. Plasma Physics / David L. Book 625

21.1 Fundamental Plasma Parameters 626

21.2 Plasma Dispersion Function 629

21.3 Collisions and Transport 632

21.4 Solar and Ionospheric Physics 640

21.5 Thermonuclear Fusion 642

21.6 Electron and Ion Beams 644

21.7 Laser-Plasma Interactions 648

21.8 Atomic Physics and Radiation 649

22. Polymer Physics / Stephen Z. D.

Cheng 656

22.2 Polymer Molecules 658

22.3 Molecular-Mass Averages 658

22.4 Single-Chain Dimensions 659

22.5 [theta] Solvents and Temperatures 660

22.6 Molecular-Weight Characterization 662

22.7 Characterization by Spectroscopic Techniques 664

22.8 Crystal Structures 664

22.9 Bond Lengths and Angles of Polymers 667

22.10 Melting and Crystallization 669

22.11 Liquid Crystalline Transitions 670

22.12 Heat Capacity and Thermodynamic Functions 671

22.13 Glass Transition 673

22.14 Thermal Expansion 675

22.15 Optical Properties of Polymers 676

22.16 Stress [sigma subscript ij] and Displacement u[subscript j] at Crack Tips 677

22.17 Internal Friction Peaks in Semicrystalline Polymers 678

22.18 Representative Mechanical Properties of Some Common Structural Polymers 679

22.19 Rheology 680

22.20 Electrical Properties 684

22.21 Diffusion and Permeation 685

22.22 Nonlinear Optical Properties 686

23. Quantum Theory / M. P. Silverman, R. L. Mallett 693

Part I. Quantum Mechanics 694

23.1 Basic Formalisms 694

23.2 Operator Representations and Relationships 695

23.3 Quantum Dynamics 703

23.4 Approximate Methods: Stationary States 706

23.5 Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory 711

23.6 Radiation Theory 712

23.7 Additional Links to Quantum Systems in other Chapters 715

Part II. Quantum Field Theory 715

23.8 Brief History 715

23.9 Feynman Rules for Gauge Theories 715

23.10 Quantum Chromodynamics 721

23.11 Standard Electroweak Model 722

24. Solid State Physics / Costas M. Soukoulis, Eleftherios N. Economou 725

24.2 Classification of Solids According to Their Bonding Character 727

24.3 Approximations 728

24.4 Electrons in Periodic Solids 729

24.5 Methods for band-structure calculations 734

24.6 Ionic vibrations 737

24.7 Thermodynamic Quantities 739

24.8 Linear Response to Perturbations 741

24.9 Disordered Systems 747

24.10 Magnetism 749

24.11 Superconductivity 751

24.12 Elementary Excitations 753

24.13 Artificial Solid Structures and Photonic Crystals 754

25. Surfaces and Films / Roland Resch, Bruce E. Koel 756

25.2 Surface Analysis: Probing Surfaces and Films 758

25.3 Structure and Composition of Surfaces 764

25.4 Electronic Structure at Surfaces 767

25.5 The Gas-Solid Interface 769

25.6 Solid-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Interfaces 774

25.7 Film Formation and Structure 778

25.8 Mechanical Properties of Surfaces and Thin Films 785

26. Thermodynamics and Thermophysics / J. P. Martin Trusler, William A. Wakeham 791

26.2 Classical Thermodynamics 792

26.3 Statistical Thermodynamics 801

26.4 Transport Properties 807

26.5 Kinetic Theory 812

27. Practical Laboratory Data / David R. Lide 817

27.2 Table: Periodic Table 819

27.3 Table: Physical Constants of Elements of Compounds 820

27.4 Table: Thermal and Electrical Properties of Metals 826

27.5 Table: Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity) of Liquids 828

27.6 Table: Viscosity of Liquids and Gases 830

27.7 Table: Vapor Pressure of the Elements and Selected Compounds 831

27.8 Table: Vapor Pressure of Cryogenic Fluids 835

27.9 Table: Aqueous Solubility of Solids and Liquids 836

27.10 Table: Solubility of Gases in Water 838

27.11 Table: Properties of Miscellaneous Solid Materials 838

27.12 Table: Densities Known to High Accuracy 840

27.13 Fixed Points on the International Temperature Scale of 1990 841

27.14 Table: Properties of Liquid Helium 842

27.15 Table: Properties of Water and Ice 843

27.16 Table: Vapor Pressure of Water on the ITS-90 Temperature Scale 843.

Notes:

Rev. ed. of: Physicist's desk reference, c1989.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Anne and Joseph Trachtman Memorial Book Fund.

ISBN:

0387989730

OCLC:

51627699