Design of integrated circuits for optical communications / Behzad Razavi.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Razavi, Behzad.

Contributor:

Rosengarten Family Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Optoelectronic devices.

Optical communications--Equipment and supplies.

Optical communications.

Integrated optics.

Integrated circuits--Design and construction.

Integrated circuits.

Physical Description:

xiv, 370 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Boston : McGraw-Hill, [2003]

Summary:

Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical Communications" deals with the design of high-speed integrated circuits for optical communication systems. Written for both students and practicing engineers, the book systematically takes the reader from basic concepts to advanced topics, establishing both rigor and intuition. The text emphasizes analysis and design in modern VLSI technologies, particularly CMOS, and presents numerous broadband circuit techniques. Leading researcher Behzad Razavi is also the author of "Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits.

Contents:

1.1 Brief History 1

1.2 Generic Optical System 2

1.3 Design Challenges 5

1.4 State of the Art 6

2.1 Properties of Random Binary Data 8

2.2 Generation of Random Data 12

2.3 Data Formats 14

2.3.1 NRZ and RZ Data 14

2.3.2 8B/10B Coding 14

2.4 Effect of Bandwidth Limitation on Random Data 16

2.4.1 Effect of Low-Pass Filtering 16

2.4.2 Eye Diagrams 16

2.4.3 Effect of High-Pass Filtering 18

2.5 Effect of Noise on Random Data 21

2.6 Phase Noise and Jitter 24

2.6.1 Phase Noise 24

2.6.2 Jitter 27

2.6.3 Relationship Between Phase Noise and Jitter 28

2.6.4 Jitter Due to Additive Noise 28

2.7 Transmission Lines 30

2.7.1 Ideal Transmission Lines 30

2.7.2 Lossy Transmission Lines 33

3 Optical Devices 36

3.1 Laser Diodes 36

3.1.1 Operation of Lasers 38

3.1.2 Types of Lasers 40

3.1.3 Properties of Lasers 42

3.1.4 External Modulation 45

3.2 Optical Fibers 46

3.2.1 Fiber Loss 47

3.2.2 Fiber Dispersion 48

3.3 Photodiodes 55

3.3.1 Responsivity and Efficiency 55

3.3.2 PIN Diodes 56

3.3.3 Avalanche Photodiodes 57

3.4 Optical Systems 58

4 Transimpedance Amplifiers 62

4.1 General Considerations 62

4.1.1 TIA Performance Parameters 64

4.1.2 SNR Calculations 69

4.1.3 Noise Bandwidth 72

4.2 Open-Loop TIAs 73

4.2.1 Low-Frequency Behavior 73

4.2.2 High-Frequency Behavior 81

4.3 Feedback TIAs 87

4.3.1 First-Order TIA 87

4.3.2 Second-Order TIA 89

4.4 Supply Rejection 97

4.5 Differential TIAs 100

4.6 High-Performance Techniques 103

4.6.1 Gain Boosting 103

4.6.2 Capacitive Coupling 105

4.6.3 Feedback TIAs 106

4.6.4 Inductive Peaking 110

4.7 Automatic Gain Control 114

5 Limiting Amplifiers and Output Buffers 123

5.1 General Considerations 123

5.1.1 Performance Parameters 123

5.1.2 Cascaded Gain Stages 125

5.1.3 AM/PM Conversion 129

5.2 Broadband Techniques 131

5.2.1 Inductive Peaking 131

5.2.2 Capacitive Degeneration 133

5.2.3 Cherry-Hooper Amplifier 136

5.2.4 f[subscript T] Doublers 140

5.3 Output Buffers 142

5.3.1 Differential Signaling 142

5.3.2 Double Termination 146

5.3.3 Predriver Design 149

5.4 Distributed Amplification 152

5.4.1 Monolithic Transmission Lines 152

5.4.2 Distributed Amplifiers 156

5.4.3 Distributed Amplifiers with Lumped Devices 163

6 Oscillator Fundamentals 165

6.2 Ring Oscillators 167

6.3 LC Oscillators 178

6.3.1 Crossed-Coupled Oscillator 181

6.3.2 Colpitts Oscillator 184

6.3.3 One-Port Oscillators 187

6.4 Voltage-Controlled Oscillators 191

6.4.1 Tuning in Ring Oscillators 194

6.4.2 Tuning in LC Oscillators 202

6.5 Mathematical Model of VCOs 207

7 LC Oscillators 213

7.1 Monolithic Inductors 213

7.1.1 Loss Mechanisms 215

7.1.2 Inductor Modeling 219

7.1.3 Inductor Design Guidelines 222

7.2 Monolithic Varactors 226

7.3 Basic LC Oscillators 228

7.3.1 Differential Control 231

7.3.2 Design Procedure 233

7.4 Quadrature Oscillators 235

7.4.1 In-Phase Coupling 237

7.4.2 Antiphase Coupling 239

7.5 Distributed Oscillators 241

8 Phase-Locked Loops 244

8.1 Simple PLL 244

8.1.1 Phase Detector 244

8.1.2 Basic PLL Topology 245

8.1.3 Dynamics of Simple PLL 254

8.2 Charge-Pump PLLs 260

8.2.1 Problem of Lock Acquisition 261

8.2.2 Phase/Frequency Detector and Charge Pump 262

8.2.3 Basic Charge-Pump PLL 266

8.3 Nonideal Effects in PLLs 273

8.3.1 PFD/CP Nonidealities 273

8.3.2 Jitter in PLLs 277

8.4 Delay-Locked Loops 280

8.5 Applications 282

8.5.1 Frequency Multiplication and Synthesis 283

8.5.2 Skew Reduction 285

8.5.3 Jitter Reduction 286

9 Clock and Data Recovery 288

9.1 General Considerations 288

9.2 Phase Detectors for Random Data 300

9.2.1 Hogge Phase Detector 300

9.2.2 Alexander Phase Detector 304

9.2.3 Half-Rate Phase Detectors 309

9.3 Frequency Detectors for Random Data 313

9.4 CDR Architectures 318

9.4.1 Full-Rate Referenceless Architecture 318

9.4.2 Dual-VCO Architecture 319

9.4.3 Dual-Loop Architecture with External Reference 321

9.5 Jitter in CDR Circuits 322

9.5.1 Jitter Transfer 322

9.5.2 Jitter Generation 327

9.5.3 Jitter Tolerance 329

10 Multiplexers and Laser Drivers 333

10.1 Multiplexers 333

10.1.1 2-to-1 MUX 333

10.1.2 MUX Architectures 338

10.2 Frequency Dividers 341

10.2.1 Flipflop Dividers 341

10.2.2 Miller Divider 349

10.3 Laser and Modulator Drivers 351

10.3.1 Performance Parameters 351

10.4 Design Principles 355

10.4.1 Power Control 361.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Rosengarten Family Fund.

ISBN:

0072822589

OCLC:

49942755

Online:

Publisher description