Reconstructing early intervention after trauma : innovations in the care of survivors / edited by Roderick Ørner and Ulrich Schnyder.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Ørner, Roderick.

Schnyder, Ulrich.

Series:

European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (Series)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Citizens Association for Racial Equality.

Crisis intervention (Mental health services).

Post-traumatic stress disorder--Patients--Rehabilitation.

Post-traumatic stress disorder.

Psychic trauma--Patients--Care.

Psychic trauma.

Traumatic neuroses--Patients--Services for.

Traumatic neuroses.

Crisis Intervention--methods.

Stress Disorders, Traumatic--psychology.

Survivors--psychology.

Patients.

Psychic trauma--Patients.

Medical Subjects:

Crisis Intervention--methods.

Stress Disorders, Traumatic--psychology.

Survivors--psychology.

Physical Description:

xii, 287 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2003.

Summary:

The introduction of a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder in the 1980 edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders heralded the dawn of modern psychotraumatology. On the strength of the conceptual refinements offered by this new diagnosis, much consideration has been given to the challenge of effecting early intervention after trauma. To do so offered the prospect of preventing initial reactions developing into a debilitating chronic disorder with complicating co-morbidities. Some of the original proponents of early intervention protocols have continued to claim that such provision will mitigate the effects of traumatic events, prevent the onset of a traumatic stress syndrome, allow early detection of those who may require further help and assist in re-establishing a homeostatic equilibrium. The evidence base for making these claims has never been made explicit. More recent clinical trials suggest a more qualified position ought to be taken with respect to what should reasonably and reliably be claimed for the early intervention techniques used to date. More alarming is the growing cluster of studies warning against certain types of intervention. The optimism which once prevailed with respect to what early intervention after trauma might achieve has, in recent years, been replaced by controversy and defensively entrenched posturing. Reconstructing early intervention after trauma aims to provide a comprehensive update on the accumulated experience in the field and defines standards for service provision. It does so by reviewing the historical traditions and theoretical foundations for early interventions and links recommendations for psychological first aid to a substantial body of multidisciplinary evidence. The ultimate aim of this book is to reconstruct an informed evidence base for early intervention after trauma.

Contents:

Section 1. History and theory 1

1 Historical background of early intervention in military settings / Lars Weisaeth 3

2 Historical background: social psychiatry and crisis theory / Berthold P. R. Gersons 14

3 A systematic review of single psychological interventions ('debriefing') following trauma. Updating the Cochrane review and implications for good practice / Suzanna Rose, Jonathan Bisson, Simon Wessely 24

Section 2. Current theories and conceptualizations of early reactions to trauma 41

4 Early reactions to traumatic events. The diversity of diagnostic formulations / Alexander C. McFarlane 45

5 Psychobiological perspectives on early reactions to traumatic events / Arieh Y. Shalev 57

6 Learning theory perspectives on early reactions to traumatic events / Sean Perrin 65

7 Cognitive perspectives on early reactions to traumatic events / Hazel Pilgrim 72

8 Systemic approaches to early interventions in a community affected by organized violence / Dean Ajdukovic, Marina Ajdukovic 82

Section 3. The new evidence base for reconstructing early intervention after trauma 93

9 A psychodynamically orientated intervention strategy for early reactions to trauma / Lionel Bailly 95

10 The course and development of early reactions to traumatic events: baseline evidence from a non-intervention follow-up study / Ulrich Schnyder, Hanspeter Moergeli 106

11 Mapping the multidimensional picture of acute responses to traumatic stress / Arieh Y. Shalev, Robert J. Ursano 118

12 Screening to identify individuals at risk after exposure to trauma / Chris R. Brewin, Suzanna Rose, Bernice Andrews 130

13 A new evidence base for making early intervention in emergency services complementary to officers' preferred adjustment and coping strategies / Roderick Orner 143

Section 4. The evidence base provided by applied early intervention strategies 155

14 Cognitive behaviour therapy of acute stress disorder / Richard A. Bryant 159

15 Drugs and physical treatment after trauma / Chris Freeman 169

16 Early intervention strategies with traumatized children, adolescents and families / William Yule 177

17 Early psychosocial interventions for war-affected populations / Kaz de Jong, Rolf Kleber 184

18 Early intervention strategies applied following rape / Heidi Resnick, Ron Acierno, Jane Stafford, Robin Minhinnett 193

19 A brief early intervention service for accident and assault victims / Jonathan I. Bisson 206

20 The Lincolnshire Joint Emergency Services Initiative: an early intervention protocol for emergency services staff / Anna Avery, Stephen King 212

21 Strategies for early intervention after trauma adopted by the Norwegian Armed Forces / Lars Mehlum 220

22 The role of hospitals in delivering early intervention services following traumatic events / Josef I. Ruzek, Matthew J. Cordova 228

23 Training programmes for building competence in early intervention skills / Soren Buus Jensen, Nancy Baron 236

Section 5. Early intervention reconstructed 247

24 Progress made towards reconstructing early intervention after trauma: emergent themes / R. J. Orner, U. Schnyder 249

25 Progress made towards reconstructing early intervention after trauma: principles of evidence based practice / R. J. Orner, U. Schnyder 267.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0198508344

OCLC:

51648186