Nursing research : principles and methods / Denise F. Polit, Cheryl Tatano Beck.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Polit, Denise F.

Contributor:

Beck, Cheryl Tatano.

Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nursing--Research--Methodology.

Nursing.

Nursing Research--methods.

Medical Subjects:

Nursing Research--methods.

Physical Description:

xvii, 758 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 24 cm

Edition:

Seventh edition.

Place of Publication:

Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, [2004]

Summary:

This graduate level nursing research textbook continues the expansion of coverage on qualitative research, including important issues for specific qualitative traditions such as grounded theory, phenomenology and ethnography. Developing solid evidence for practice will be emphasized throughout the text, and important evaluative concepts like reliability, validity, and trustworthiness will be introduced. Other new features include stronger international content (with an emphasis on Canadian and Australian research), inclusion of " tips" in boxes located in appropriate places throughout the chapters, and the use of summary bullet points. This edition will now offer a free Connection Website, connection.LWW.com/go/polit.

Contents:

Part 1 Foundations of Nursing Research 1

Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Research 3

Nursing Research in Perspective 3

Nursing Research: Past, Present, and Future 5

Sources of Evidence for Nursing Practice 11

Paradigms for Nursing Research 13

The Purposes of Nursing Research 18

Chapter 2 Key Concepts and Terms in Qualitative and Quantitative Research 26

The Faces and Places of Research 26

The Building Blocks of a Study 29

Key Challenges of Conducting Research 35

Chapter 3 Overview of the Research Process in Qualitative and Quantitative Studies 46

Major Classes of Quantitative and Qualitative Research 46

Major Steps in a Quantitative Study 47

Activities in a Qualitative Study 55

Part 2 Conceptualizing a Research Study 63

Chapter 4 Research Problems, Research Questions, and Hypotheses 65

Overview of Research Problems 65

Sources of Research Problems 67

Development and Refinement of Research Problems 69

Communicating the Research Problem 73

Research Hypotheses 77

Chapter 5 Reviewing the Literature 88

Purposes of a Literature Review 88

Scope of a Literature Search 89

Locating Relevant Literature for a Research Review 91

Reading Research Reports 96

Preparing a Written Literature Review 103

Research Examples of Research Literature Reviews 109

Chapter 6 Developing a Conceptual Context 114

Theories, Models, and Frameworks 114

The Nature of Theories and Conceptual Models 119

Conceptual Models Used in Nursing Research 120

Testing, Using, and Developing a Theory or Framework 125

Part 3 Designs for Nursing Research 139

Chapter 7 Designing Ethical Research 141

The Need for Ethical Guidelines 141

The Principle of Beneficence 143

The Principle of Respect for Human Dignity 147

The Principle of Justice 149

Informed Consent 150

Vulnerable Subjects 154

External Reviews and the Protection of Human Rights 156

Building Ethics into the Design of the Study 157

Chapter 8 Designing Quantitative Studies 162

Aspects of Quantitative Research Design 162

Overview of Research Design Types 164

Experiments 168

Quasi-Experiments 181

Nonexperimental Research 188

Designs and Research Evidence 195

Chapter 9 Enhancing Rigor in Quantitative Research 201

Controlling the Research Situation 201

Controlling Intrinsic Subject Factors 203

Characteristics of Good Design 209

Chapter 10 Quantitative Research for Various Purposes 223

Studies That Are Typically Experimental or Quasi-Experimental 223

Studies That Can Be Either Experimental or Nonexperimental 230

Studies That Are Typically Nonexperimental 234

Research Examples of Various Types of Quantitative Studies 239

Chapter 11 Qualitative Research Design and Approaches 245

The Design of Qualitative Studies 245

Qualitative Research Traditions 248

Other Types of Qualitative Research 259

Research With Ideological Perspectives 263

Chapter 12 Integration of Qualitative and Quantitative Designs 273

Rationale for Multimethod Research 273

Applications of Multimethod Research 275

Multimethod Research Designs 279

Strategies for Multimethod Research 280

Obstacles to Multimethod Research 283

Chapter 13 Sampling Designs 289

Basic Sampling Concepts in Quantitative Studies 289

Nonprobability Sampling 292

Probability Sampling 295

Sample Size in Quantitative Studies 300

Implementing a Sampling Plan in Quantitative Studies 303

Sampling in Qualitative Research 305

Part 4 Measurement and Data Collection 315

Chapter 14 Designing and Implementing a Data Collection Plan 317

Existing Data Versus Original Data 317

Dimensions of Data Collection Approaches 318

Major Types of Data Collection Methods 319

Converting Quantitative and Qualitative Data 322

Developing a Data Collection Plan in a Quantitative Study 323

Implementing a Data Collection Plan in a Quantitative Study 330

Data Collection Issues in Qualitative Studies 332

Chapter 15 Collecting Self-Report Data 340

Qualitative Self-Report Techniques 340

Quantitative Self-Report Instruments 349

Using and Preparing Structured Self-Report Instruments 352

Administering Structured Self-Report Instruments 365

Chapter 16 Collecting Observational Data 375

Observational Issues 375

Qualitative Observational Methods: Participant Observation 378

Observational Methods: Structured Observations 385

Mechanical Aids in Observations 390

Observer Biases 391

Chapter 17 Collecting Biophysiologic and Other Data 398

Biophysiologic Measures 398

Records, Documents, and Available Data 402

Q Methodology 403

Projective Techniques 405

Vignettes 407

Cognitive and Neuropsychological Tests 408

Examples of Studies Using Alternative Data Collection Methods 409

Chapter 18 Assessing Data Quality 413

Measurement 413

Reliability of Measuring Instruments 416

Validity 422

Other Criteria for Assessing Quantitative Measures 428

Assessment of Qualitative Data and Their Interpretation 430

Part 5 The Analysis of Research Data 449

Chapter 19 Analyzing Quantitative Data: Descriptive Statistics 451

Levels of Measurement 451

Frequency Distributions 455

Central Tendency 459

Variability 460

Bivariate Descriptive Statistics: Contingency Tables and Correlation 465

The Computer and Descriptive Statistics 469

Chapter 20 Analyzing Quantitative Data: Inferential Statistics 477

Sampling Distributions 477

Estimation of Parameters 479

Hypothesis Testing 480

Testing Differences Between Two Group Means 486

Testing Differences Between Three or More Group Means 489

Testing Differences in Proportions 493

Testing Relationships Between Two Variables 494

Power Analysis 495

The Computer and Inferential Statistics 502

Guide to Bivariate Statistical Tests 505

Chapter 21 Analyzing Quantitative Data: Multivariate Statistics 511

Simple Linear Regression 511

Multiple Linear Regression 514

Analysis of Covariance 521

Factor Analysis 526

Other Least-Squares Multivariate Techniques 530

Causal Modeling 532

Other Multivariate Statistical Procedures 536

The Computer and Multivariate Statistics 538

Guide to Multivariate Statistical Tests 540

Chapter 22 Designing and Implementing a Quantitative Analysis Strategy 547

Phases in the Analysis of Quantitative Data 547

Preanalysis Phase 547

Preliminary Assessments and Actions 553

Principal Analyses 560

Interpretation of Results 562

Chapter 23 Analyzing Qualitative Data 570

Introduction to Qualitative Analysis 570

Qualitative Data Management and Organization 572

Analytic Procedures 578

Interpretation of Qualitative Findings 591

Part 6 Communicating Research 599

Chapter 24 Summarizing and Sharing Research Findings 601

Getting Started on Dissemination 601

Content of Research Reports 604

The Style of Research Reports 617

Types of Research Reports 618

Chapter 25 Writing a Research Proposal 629

Overview of Research Proposals 629

Proposals for Theses and Dissertations 635

Funding for Research Proposals 637

Grant Applications to the National Institutes of Health 639

Part 7 Using Research Results 651

Chapter 26 Evaluating Research Reports 653

The Research Critique 653

Elements of a Research Critique 654

Chapter 27 Utilizing Research: Putting Research Evidence Into Nursing Practice 671

Research Utilization Versus Evidence-Based Practice 671

Barriers to Using Research in Nursing Practice 677

The Process of Using Research in Nursing Practice 681

Research Integration and Synthesis 690.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

ISBN:

0781737338

OCLC:

51304384