Vacuum technology : calculations in chemistry / D.J. Hucknall, A. Morris.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hucknall, D. J.

Contributor:

Morris, A. (Alan), Dr.

Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain)

Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Vacuum technology.

Vacuum technology--Mathematics.

Mathematics.

Physical Description:

x, 233 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Cambridge : RSC, [2003]

Summary:

An accessible and applicable guide to quantitative problem solving in vacuum technology, this book is aimed at newcomers, students and the experienced practitioner. It contains essential information and worked examples for those using vacuum technology in chemical applications and who are involved in the design and operation of vacuum equipment. Using step-by-step solutions of example calculations and formulae, "Vacuum Technology: Calculations in Chemistry" sets out to encourage readers to quantify their own systems so that they can ensure efficient operation and fault finding. Whilst emphasizing the use of appropriate units in calculations and using well-known expressions in vacuum technology throughout, the book includes: --formulae necessary for quantitative vacuum technology --commonly required data for common gases in tabulated form --schematic diagrams of systems and layouts This book is certain to be a confidence-inspiring publication for use in both research and industry.

Contents:

1.2 Survey 1

1.3 Pressure 1

1.4 Ideal Gas Law 3

1.5 Mixtures of Gases: Partial Pressures 5

1.6 Kinetic Theory of Gases 8

1.7 Transport Properties 17

1.7.1 Diffusion 17

1.7.2 Viscosity (Internal Friction in Gases) 20

1.8 Gas Dynamics 24

Chapter 2 Gas Flow 31

2.3 Viscous (Continuum) Flow 38

2.3.1 Viscous Flow in Ducts and Tubes 38

2.4 Molecular Flow 43

2.4.1 Conductance of an Aperture 43

2.4.2 Conductance of Tubes and Ducts 43

2.4.3 Molecular Flow through Components 49

2.5 Knudsen (Intermediate) Flow Through a Tube 51

Chapter 3 Pumps and Pumping Systems 56

3.2 Vacuum Pumps (Rough-Medium Vacuum Range) 57

3.2.1 Oil-sealed Rotary Pumps 57

3.2.2 Dry Pumps 65

3.2.3 Roots Pumps 67

3.3 High/Ultra-high Vacuum Pumps 76

3.3.1 Diffusion Pumps 78

3.3.2 Turbomolecular Pumps 85

3.3.3 Cryopumps 92

3.4 Other High-/Ultra-high Vacuum Pumps 103

3.4.1 Sputter-ion Pumps 103

3.4.2 Getter Pumps 108

Chapter 4 Gas Sources and Attainable Pressure in Vacuum Systems 114

4.2 Leaks 115

4.3 Outgassing 129

4.4 Permeation 134

4.5 Attainable Pressure 140

Chapter 5 Total and Partial Vacuum Pressure Measurement 148

5.2 Total Pressure Measurement 148

5.2.1 Direct Pressure Measurement 149

5.2.2 Indirect Pressure Measurement 152

5.3 Residual Gas Analysis and Partial Pressure Measurement 168

Chapter 6 Some Applications of Vacuum Technology 176

6.2 Chemical Technology 176

6.2.1 Pressure, Temperature and Phase Changes 177

6.2.2 Distillation 179

6.2.3 Evaporation (Drying) 182

6.2.4 Condensers 187

6.2.5 Condenser and Vacuum Pump Combinations 192

6.3 UHV Systems 195

6.3.1 Factors Influencing Outgassing 196

6.4 Systems Involving Differential Pumping 207.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

ISBN:

0854046518

OCLC:

51271158