Materials research to meet 21st century defense needs / Committee on Materials Research for Defense After Next, National Materials Advisory Board, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, National Research Council of the National Academies.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Materials Research for Defense After Next.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Materials--Research--United States.

Materials.

Defense industries--Materials--United States.

Defense industries.

Electric power systems.

Materials--Research.

United States.

Electric power systems--Materials.

Electronics--Materials.

Electronics.

Physical Description:

xxii, 307 pages : illustrations ; 26 cm

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academies Press, [2003]

Contents:

1 Department of Defense Materials Needs 9

Examples of System Needs 11

Translation to Materials and Process Needs 13

Desired Materials Properties 14

Materials Characteristics 16

Engineering Issues 17

2 Using New Materials in Defense Systems 21

Expediting the Use of New Materials in Defense Systems 22

Research-to-Development Transition Funding 22

Communications 23

Databases 23

3 Structural and Multifunctional Materials 27

DoD Needs for Multifunctional Structural Materials 31

Specific Areas of Opportunity 37

Materials Design Assisted by Computation 37

Model-Based Life-Cycle Sensing and Prediction 40

Multifunctional Materials 42

Smart Materials 43

Composites 46

Adhesives and Coatings 49

Research and Development Priorities 51

Materials Design Assisted by Computation 51

Service-Induced Material Changes 52

Multifunctional Composite Materials 52

Integrating Nondestructive Inspection and Evaluation into Design 53

4 Energy and Power Materials 55

DoD Needs for Energy and Power Materials 59

Specific Areas of Opportunity 60

Energy Storage 60

Energy Conversion 74

Electrical Power Generation and Transmission for Propulsion and Related Systems 83

Kinetic Energy Dissipation and Protection 84

DoD Reliance on Energy Sources 87

Research and Development Priorities 87

Nanomaterials Science and Engineering 87

Engineered Interfaces and Surfaces in Materials 88

Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Materials 89

Tools for Accelerated, Systematic Materials Discovery 89

Materials as the Foundation for Systems 90

5 Electronic and Photonic Materials 95

DoD Needs for Electronic and Photonic Materials 96

Specific Areas of Opportunity 98

Electronics 98

Optoelectronics and Photonics 106

Microsystems 114

Research and Development Priorities 128

Fundamental Understanding of Existing Materials 128

New Materials with Extreme Properties 129

New Ways of Combining Materials 129

Packaging and Thermal Management 130

Materials Processing 130

Theory and Modeling 131

6 Functional Organic and Hybrid Materials 135

DoD Needs for Functional Organic and Hybrid Materials 137

Electronic Devices 137

Photonics 138

Optical Limiting Materials 139

Organic Light-Emitting Materials 139

Molecular Magnetic Materials 140

Photorefractive Materials 140

Photovoltaics 140

Membranes 141

Metal Organic Catalysts 141

Specific Areas of Opportunity 142

Electronic Devices 142

Photonics 148

Optical Limiting Materials 156

Organic Light-Emitting Materials 157

Molecular Magnetic Materials 159

Photorefractive Materials 162

Photovoltaics 164

Membranes 166

Metal Organic Catalysts 168

Transparent Electrodes/Organic Interfaces 170

Higher-Risk Developments 171

Research and Development Priorities 171

Convergence and Integration of Organic and Si (and Other Semiconductor) Electronics and Photonics in Hybrid Architectures 172

New Synthetic Strategies to Produce High Yields of Selected Polymers with Completely Defined Chemical Structures, Enhanced Homogeneity, and Purity 172

Computer Modeling and Simulation, Accessible to Experimentalists, to Optimize Chemical and Structure Selection for Specific Functionalities 173

Organic Materials to Provide Robust Defenses Against Laser Threats to Personnel and Equipment 174

Catalyst Systems to Provide in Situ Defenses by Neutralizing Chemical and Biological Attack 174

7 Bioinspired and Bioderived Materials 181

DoD Needs for Bioinspired and Bioderived Materials 184

Specific Areas of Opportunity 187

Structural Materials 187

Functional Materials 191

Medical Applications 200

Research and Development Priorities 206

Improving Fundamental Understanding of the Relationships Between Biological Structure, Properties, and Evolution and Materials Design and Synthesis 206

Increasing Communication of DoD Material Needs to Biological and Physical Scientists 207

Basic Research into Biological Molecules, Structures, Systems, and Processes to Lay the Groundwork for Their Use, or Their Use as Models, in Serving the Materials Needs of DoD 207

Identification and Development of Biocompatible Materials to Enable in Vivo Implantable Devices 208

Development of Packaging Technologies to Preserve the Biological Function of Biologically Enabled Devices 208

8 Integration of Research Opportunities 211

Design of Materials, Devices, and Systems Assisted by Computation and Phenomenological Models of Materials and Materials Behavior 211

Convergence, Combination, and Integration of Biological, Organic, Semiconductor/Photonic, and Structural Materials 214

Convergence 214

Combination 215

Integration 216

Discovery and Characterization of New Materials with Unique or Substantially Improved Properties 218

New Strategies for Processing, Manufacture, Inspection, and Maintenance of Materials and Systems 220

C Integration of Materials Systems and Structures Development 247

D Energy and Power Materials 251

E Functional and Organic Hybrid Materials 285

F Bioinspired and Bioderived Materials 293.

Notes:

Includes bibliograpahical references.

ISBN:

0309087007

OCLC:

52075129