The kidney : from normal development to congenital disease / edited by Peter D. Vize, Adrian S. Woolf, Johnathan B. L. Bard.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Vize, Peter D.

Woolf, Adrian S.

Bard, Johnathan.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Kidneys--Growth--Molecular aspects.

Kidneys.

Nephrology.

Kidneys--Diseases--Genetic aspects.

Kidney--growth & development.

Kidney Diseases.

Kidneys--Diseases.

Kidneys--Growth.

Medical Subjects:

Kidney--growth & development.

Nephrology.

Kidney Diseases.

Physical Description:

xiii, 519 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 29 cm

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam ; Boston : Academic Press, [2003]

Summary:

Organogenesis of the kidney has been intensely studied for over a century. In recent years advances in molecular techniques have not only made great inroads in exploring the genetic regulation of this complex process but have also begun to unravel the molecular basis of many forms of congenital kidney disease. The Kidney is divided into three major sections covering specific subject areas. The first presents invertebrate and embryonic kidneys as powerful new approaches to investigating the molecular regulation of specification, morphogenesis, organogenesis and physiology of the kidney. Section 2 describes the anatomy, development and physiology of the adult kidney, the metanephros in extraordinary detail. Separate chapters explore each stage and component of metanephric organogenesis from the first inductive interactions up until the acquisition of function. The final section explores our current knowledge of the molecular basis of congenital kidney disorders and the abnormal developmental programs that result in kidney disease.

Contents:

Section I Embryonic Kidneys and Models

1 Introduction: Embryonic Kidneys and Other Nephrogenic Models / Peter D. Vize

2 Development of Malpighian Tubules in Drosophila Melanogaster / Helen Skaer

II. Tubule Development and the Genes That Regulate It 9

III. Generating Cells: Regulation of Cell Proliferation in the Tubule Primordia 11

IV. Morphogenetic Movements 13

V. Onset of Physiological Activity 14

3 Induction, Development, and Physiology of the Pronephric Tubules / Peter D. Vize, Thomas J. Carroll, John B. Wallingford

II. Tubule Fate and Origins 19

III. Pronephric Induction 23

IV. Pronephric Tubule Anatomy 29

V. Morphogenesis 38

VI. Pronephric Function and Physiology 42

VII. Degeneration or Function Diversion of the Pronephros 46

VIII. Pronephric Tubules as a Model for Tubulogenesis? 47

4 Formation of the Nephric Duct / Thomas M. Schulthesis, Richard G. James, Anzhelika Listopadova, Doris Herzlinger

II. Nephric Duct Morphogenesis 52

5 The Pronephric Glomus and Vasculature / Iain A. Drummond, Arindam Majumdar

II. Development of the Pronephric Glomus: Stages of Glomerular Development in Frogs and Fish 66

III. Gene Expression and Function in Pronephric Glomerular Development 69

IV. Summary: Future Prospects 71

6 Development of the Mesonephric Kidney / Kirsi Sainio

II. Mesonephric Development: An Anatomical Overview 75

III. Molecular Basis of Mesonephric Development 79

IV. Mesonephric Contribution to Gonadal Differentiation 81

V. Mesonephric Contribution to Other Organ Systems 83

7 Three-Dimensional Anatomy of Mammalian Mesonephroi / Marie D. Vazquez, Pierre Bouchet, Peter D. Vize

II. Material 87

III. Three-Dimensional Reconstruction 88

IV. Human Mesonephric Development 88

V. Murine Mesonephric Development 89

8 Molecular Control of Pronephric Development: An Overview / Elizabeth A. Jones

II. Transcription Factors Implicated in Development of the Pronephros 94

III. Growth Factors in Pronephric Kidney Development 103

IV. Conclusions and Further Perspectives 109

9 Embryological, Genetic, and Molecular Tools for Investigating Embryonic Kidney Development / Neil A. Hukriede, Brant M. Weinstein, Igor B. Dawid

II. Molecular Embryology 119

III. Cellular Embryology 123

IV. Transgenic Methods 127

V. Classical Genetic Methods: Mutant Screens 129

Section II The Adult Kidney

10 The Metanephros / Jonathan Bard

II. Development of the Metanephros 139

III. Growth 143

IV. Investigating Regulatory Networks 145

V. Unsolved Problems of Kidney Development 145

11 Anatomy and Histology of the Human Urinary System / Benedikt Hallgrimsson, Hallgrimur Benediktsson, Peter D. Vize

I. Gross Anatomy of the Urinary System 149

II. Microanatomy of the Urinary System 155

12 Development of the Ureteric Bud / Jamie Davies

II. Induction of Ureteric Bud Formation 167

III. Anatomy of Ureteric Bud Arborization 168

IV. Mechanisms of Ureteric Bud Arborization 169

V. Integration of Influences 173

VI. Engines of Morphological Change 174

VII. Differentiation within the Maturing Collecting Duct 175

VIII. Some Outstanding Problems 175

13 Fates of the Metanephric Mesenchyme / Hannu Sariola, Kirsi Sainio, Jonathan Bard

III. Early Stages of Kidney Formation 182

IV. Cell Types Derived from Metanephric Mesenchyme 183

V. Experimental Analysis of Metanephric Mesenchyme Differentation 187

VI. How Many Cell Types Are Present in the Metanephric Blastema? 189

14 Formation and Development of Nephrons / Eun Ah Cho, Gregory R. Dressler

II. Morphogenesis 196

III. Induction 196

IV. Intrinsic Factors That Control the Induction Response 201

IV. Factors That Drive Mesenchyme-to-Epithelial Conversion 203

15 Establishment of Polarity in Epithelial Cells of the Developing Nephron / Sharon L. Karp, Bruce A. Molitoris

III. Acquisition of Epithelial Polarity 213

IV. Structural Organization 212

V. Physiological and Biochemical Organization 214

VI. Establishment and Maintenance of Epithelial Cell Polarity 215

VII. Protein Trafficking in Embryonic Kidney 218

VIII. A Final Comment 219

16 Development of the Glomerular Capillary and Its Basement Membrane / Dale R. Abrahamson, Ruixue Wang

II. Glomerular Structure 221

III. Glomerular Filtration Barrier 223

IV. Glomerular Basement Membrane Proteins 224

V. Unique Features of Podocytes 228

VI. Glomerulogenesis 230

VII. Glomerular Defects 241

17 Development of Kidney Blood Vessels / Adrian S. Woolf, Hai T. Yuan

II. Blood Vessel Formation in the Embryo 252

III. Anatomy of Kidney Blood Vessels 252

IV. Experiments that Address the Origins of Metanephric Blood Vessels 256

V. Growth Factor and Embryonic Kidney Vessel Development 259

VI. Other Molecules Involved in Vascular Growth 262

18 Development of Function in the Metanephric Kidney / Lisa M. Satlin, Craig B. Woda, George J. Schwartz

II. Methods to Study Developmental Renal Physiology 268

III. Development and Regulation of Renal Blood Flow 269

IV. Development and Regulation of Glomerular Filtration 276

V. Ontogeny of Tubular Function 278

19 Experimental Methods for Studying Urogenital Development / Kirsi Sainio

II. Tissue Dissection and Separation 327

III. Culturing Metanephric Kidney Rudiments 330

IV. Tissue Analysis 334

V. In Situ Hybridization of mRNA 335

20 Overview: The Molecular Basis of Kidney Development / Thomas J. Carroll, Andrew P. McMahon

II. Specification of Nephrogenic Mesenchyme 343

III. Cell Survival 347

IV. Mesenchymal Condensation 353

V. Proliferation 354

VI. Branching of the Ureteric Bud 356

VII. Mesenchyme-to-Epithelial Transition 361

VIII. Proximal/Distal Patterning 365

IX. Glomerulogenesis 365

X. Vascularization 368

XI. Cell Polarity 368

XII. Future of the Field 369

Section III Congenital Disease

21 Maldevelopment of the Human Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract: An Overview / Adrian S. Woolf, Paul J. D. Winyard, Monika M. Hermanns, Simon J. M.

Welham

I. Normal Development of Human Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract 377

II. Varied Phenotypes of Human Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract Maldevelopment 381

III. Causes of Maldevelopment of Human Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract 383

22 WT1-Associated Disorders / Marie-Claire Gubler, Cecile Jeanpierre

II. The WT1 Gene 396

III. WT1 and Development 397

IV. WT1 and Wilms' Tumor 398

V. WT1 and Other Malignancies 400

VI. WT1 and Denys-Drash Syndrome 400

VII. WT1 and Isolated Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis 402

VIII. WT1 and Frasier Syndrome 403

IX. WT1 Intronic Mutation (Frasier Mutation) in 46, XX Females and in Primary Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome 404

23 PAX2 and Renal-Coloboma Syndrome / Michael Eccles, Nicholas Bockett, Cherie Stayner

II. Pathologic Analysis of Renal-Coloboma Syndrome and Oligomeganephronia 412

III. Molecular Analysis of the PAX2 Gene and Its Involvement in Renal-Coloboma Syndrome 416

IV. Animal Models to Investigate PAX2 Function 424

V. What Is the Function of PAX2 in Kidney Development? 427

24 Cystic Renal Diseases / Sharon Mulroy, Cathy Boucher, Paul Winyard, Richard Sandford

I. Human Clinical Disease Impact 433

II. Molecular Genetics of Human Renal Cystic Diseases 436

III. Animal Models and the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Kidney Diseases 441

IV. General Mechanisms Underlying Cystogenesis and the Function of Proteins Causing Polycystic Kidney Disease 444

25 Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Human Disease / Cheryl Walker

I. Phenotypic Diversity of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) 452

II. Molecular Genetics of RCC 452

III. The von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Gene 453

IV. TSC-2 Tumor Suppressor Gene 454

V. c-met 455

VI. Other Genes Involved in RCC 455

VII. Animal Models for RCC 456

26 The Tubule / William van't Hoff

II. Proximal Tubulopathies 462

III. Defects of the Thick Ascending Limb and Distal Tubule 466

IV. Disorders of the Amiloride-Sensitive Epithelial Sodium Channel 469

V. Disorders of the Collecting Dust 469

27 Diseases of the Glomerular Filtration Barrier: Alport Syndrome and Congenital Nephrosis (NPHS1) / Hannu Jalanko, Christer Holmberg, Karl Tryggvason

I. Alport Syndrome 476

II. Congenital Nephrosis NPHS1 480

28 Congenital Kidney Diseases: Prospects for New Therapies / Adrian S. Woolf

II. Gene Transfer Technologies 487

III. Renal Precursor Cell Technology 489

IV. Experimental Treatments for Polycystic Kidney Diseases 490.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0127224416

OCLC:

52381186