Networks of innovation : change and meaning in the age of the Internet / Ilkka Tuomi.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Tuomi, Ilkka.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Technological innovations.

Computer networks.

Internet.

Linux.

Physical Description:

x, 251 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2002.

Summary:

Integrating concepts from multiple theoretical disciplines and detailed analyses of the evolution of Internet-related innovations (including computer networking, the World Wide Web and the Linux open source operating system), this book develops foundations for a new theoretical and practical understanding of innovation. It covers topics ranging from fashion to history of art, and includes the most detailed analysis of the open source development model so far published.

Contents:

2. Innovation as Multifocal Development of Social Practice 8

2.1 Putting the User in Focus 10

2.2 Use as Meaningful Practice 11

2.3 Production as an End 14

2.4 Investment and Invention of Meaning 15

2.5 Community as the Locus of Practice 19

2.6 Interpretative Flexibility and Ecology of Social Practices 21

2.7 Social Drivers of Innovation 23

2.8 Individual Exploration 25

2.9 Spaces of Novelty 26

2.10 Dynamics of Networked Innovation Spaces 29

3. Inventing the Web 36

3.1 The First WorldWideWeb Proposal 38

3.2 State of the Art: KMS 41

3.3 Architecture of the WorldWideWeb 43

3.4 Mobilizing Resources 45

3.5 The Vision of Xanadu 48

3.6 Sources of Success 50

4. The Making of the Internet 54

4.1 Laying the Infrastructure 55

4.2 Networking the World 57

4.3 Competing Technologies 61

4.4 Message-packets and Resilient Networks: Innovation at RAND 65

4.5 Time-sharing and Network Society: Work at NPL 71

4.6 Interactive Computing: Augmenting the Human Mind 77

4.7 Time-sharing and On-line Communities 85

4.8 IPTO: Translating Ideas into Money and Technology 87

5. Analysis of the Early Phase of Internet Development 93

5.1 Technological Frames 94

5.2 Resource Mobility in the Early Phases of Internet History 101

6. Socio-Cognitive Spaces of Innovation and Meaning Creation 105

6.1 Thought Collectives 108

6.2 Speech Genre and Chronotope 112

6.3 Communities of Practice 114

6.4 Social Learning in Communities of Practice 115

6.5 The Concept of ba 117

7. Breaking through a Technological Frame 122

7.1 Two Evolutionary Paths of Communities 127

7.2 Development of Specialization, Division of Labour, and New Technological Frames 128

7.3 Combinatorial Innovation in an Ecology of Communities 130

7.4 Layered ba and Combinatorial Innovation 134

8. Combination and Specialization in the Evolution of the Internet 138

8.1 Email as a Combinatorial Innovation 138

8.2 ARPANET Ecology and the Evolution of the Network Working Group 142

9. Retrospection and Attribution in the History of Arpanet and the Internet 153

9.1 The First Paper on Packet-switching Theory 155

9.2 Reconstructing the Internet 157

10. Learning from Linux 162

10.1 The Evolution of Linux 163

10.2 The Linux Developer Community 169

10.3 Sedimentation, Translation, and Reduction of Complexity 182

10.4 Quality Control, Linus's Law, and the Ecology of Bugs 187

10.5 Rules, Regulations, and Intellectual Property 194

10.6 Developer Incentives and Resource Allocation 201

11.1 Linux as Modern Economy 209

11.2 The Hierarchy of Innovation 215

11.3 The New Economy 216

11.4 The Road Ahead 219.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [221]-233) and indexes.

ISBN:

0199256985

OCLC:

50333970