Policy instruments for environmental and natural resource management / Thomas Sterner.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Sterner, Thomas, 1952-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Environmental policy.

Conservation of natural resources--Government policy.

Conservation of natural resources.

Physical Description:

xxii, 504 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Washington, DC : Resources for the Future : World Bank ; Stockholm, Sweden : Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, [2003]

Contents:

Definitions, Concepts, and Challenges for Policymaking 1

Part I The Need for Environmental and Natural Resource Policy

Consequences of Economic Growth 11

Institutional and Policy Failure 13

Chapter 2. Classical Causes of Environmental Degradation 15

Growth and the Environment 15

Welfare and Policy Reform 18

Market Failure 21

Externalities 23

Chapter 3. Public Economics and Information 27

Public Goods, Club Goods, and Common Property 27

Congestion 30

Asymmetric Information and Uncertainty 31

Chapter 4. Adapting Models to Ecosystems: Ecology, Time, and Space 36

A Simple Bioeconomic Model of a Fishery 36

Bioeconomics and the Management of Ecosystems 40

Management in an Intertemporal Setting 45

Spatial Heterogeneity and Land Use 49

Chapter 5. The Evolution of Rights 53

Real Property 55

Common Property Resources 58

Water Law 59

Lessons for Environmental Externalities and Commons 61

Part II Review of Policy Instruments

Chapter 6. Direct Regulation of the Environment 71

Optimality and Policy Instruments 71

Direct Provision of Public Goods 74

Regulation of Technology 75

Regulation of Performance 79

Chapter 7. Tradable Permits 82

U.S. Emissions Trading Programs 85

Other Emissions Trading Programs 91

Trading Programs for Other Resources 92

Chapter 8. Taxes 94

Pigovian Taxes 94

Taxes, Charges, and Earmarking 97

Taxes on Inputs and Outputs 99

Taxing Natural Resources 101

Chapter 9. Subsidies, Deposit-Refund Schemes, and Refunded Emissions Payments 102

Subsidies and Subsidy Removal 102

Deposit-Refund, Tax-Subsidy, and Other Two-Part Tariff Systems 104

Refunded Emissions Payments 106

Chapter 10. Property Rights, Legal Instruments, and Informational Policies 109

Creation of Property Rights 109

Common Property Resource Management 111

Liability and Other Legal Instruments 115

Environmental Agreements 119

Provision of Information 122

Chapter 11. National Policy and Planning 128

Part III Selection of Policy Instruments

Chapter 12. Efficiency of Policy Instruments 136

Heterogeneous Abatement Costs 136

Heterogeneous Damage Costs 141

Efficiency in an Intertemporal Sense 145

Technological Progress, Growth, and Inflation 146

Chapter 13. Role of Uncertainty and Information Asymmetry 150

Uncertainty in Abatement and Damage Costs (Price vs. Quantity) 150

Uncertainty Concerning Type of Polluter or User 154

Uncertainty Concerning Polluter or User Behavior 157

Chapter 14. Equilibrium Effects and Market Conditions 167

Goal Fulfillment, Abatement, and Output Substitution 167

General Equilibrium, Taxation, and the Double Dividend 171

Adapting to Market Conditions 175

Chapter 15. Distribution of Costs 180

Distribution of Costs and Rights between Polluters and Society 181

Allocation of Rights 184

Incidence of Costs between Polluters 186

Income Distributional Effects and Poverty 189

Chapter 16. Politics and Psychology of Policy Instruments 193

Politics of Policy Instrument Selection 194

Enforcement, Monitoring, and the Psychology of Instrument Choice 197

Policymaking in Severely Resource-Constrained Economies 199

Chapter 17. International Aspects 203

International Environmental Issues 203

Trade, International Relations, and Local Policymaking 206

Competitiveness and the Porter Hypothesis 210

Chapter 18. Design of Policy Instruments 212

Environmental Policy Selection Matrix 212

Interaction between Policies 217

Part IV Policy Instruments for Road Transportation

Chapter 19. Environmental Damage Caused by Transportation 222

Vehicles 222

Location 223

Combining Vehicle Age and Location 224

Engine Temperature and Other Factors 225

Chapter 20. Environmental Road Pricing 228

Calculating Environmental Damage from Road Transportation 228

Simpler Pricing Schemes 230

Chapter 21. Taxation or Regulation for Fuel Efficiency 239

Fuel Taxation 239

Regulations Instead of Price Mechanisms 248

Chapter 22. Fuel Quality, Vehicle Standards, and Urban Planning 252

Fuel Quality and the Phaseout of Lead 252

Policies for Fuel Quality in Sweden and Other Countries 259

Vehicle Standards, Efficiency, and Distributional Concerns 261

Urban Pollution in Developing-World Cities 267

Chapter 23. Lessons Learned: Transportation 273

Part V Policy Instruments for Industrial Pollution

Chapter 24. Experience in Developed Countries 278

Abating Sulfur Emissions 279

Reducing NO[subscript x] Emissions from Combustion 285

Green Tax Reform in Sweden and Germany 290

Prohibition Compared with Other Policies: Trichloroethylene 294

Liability and Superfund 300

Information Provision and VAs on U.S. Toxic Emissions 302

Global Policymaking: Protecting the Ozone Layer 304

Global Climate Change: Domestic Policies and New Technology 305

Chapter 25. Experience in Developing Countries 316

Environmental Funds and Other Instruments: CEE Countries 317

Environmental Fees and Funds: China 320

Environmental Charges: Rio Negro, Colombia 323

Voluntary Participation in Emissions Control: Mexico 325

Differentiated Electricity Tariffs: Mexico and Zambia 327

Information Provision and Institutional Capacity: Indonesia 331

Two-Tier Pollution Regulation: India 336

Lessons Learned 342

Part VI Policy Instruments for the Management of Natural Resources and Ecosystems

Chapter 26. Water 346

Water Management and Tariffication 348

Tariff Structures in Some Middle Eastern Economies 350

Water Tariffs in Chile 350

Water Management, Laws, and Pricing in Southern Africa 352

Pricing Water When Metering Is Not Possible 354

CPR Management of Water 359

Chapter 27. Waste 362

Economic Incentives in Waste Management 363

Waste Management in Developing Countries 365

Tourism and Waste Management in the Caribbean 366

Eco-Labeling of Soaps and Detergents 369

Tradable Packaging Waste Recovery Notes 371

Chapter 28. Fisheries 373

Management of Small-Scale Subsistence Fisheries 377

ITQs in Fishery Management 381

Chapter 29. Agriculture 390

Managing Agricultural Runoff 392

Property Rights, Population Growth, and Soil Erosion 394

Risk in Sharecropper Agriculture 396

Eco-Taxes in Agroindustry 400

Chapter 30. Forestry 406

Subsidies 408

Taxes 409

Regulations 410

Forest Concessions and Timber Contracts 410

Certification 411

Carbon Offsets and Other Forms of International Payment 412

Clarification of Property Rights 413

Chapter 31. Ecosystems 416

CPR Management of Wildlife in Zimbabwe 417

Protection of Marine Ecosystems 420

Shaping Ecosystem Policy 427

Chapter 32. Policy Issues and Potential Solutions 432

Policymaking Criteria 433

Efficiency 434

Uncertainty, Risk, and Information Asymmetry 436

Ecological and Technical Complexities 438

The Provision of Environmental Public Goods 439

Feasibility, Market Structure, and General Equilibrium Effects 441

Cost Distribution and the Politics of Policymaking 443

National and International Policymaking 444.

Notes:

"An RFF press book"--T.p. verso.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 449-481) and index.

ISBN:

1891853139

1891853120

OCLC:

50866880