Research in education / John W. Best, James V. Kahn.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Best, John W.

Contributor:

Kahn, James V., 1948-

James Hosmer Penniman Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Education--Research.

Education.

Physical Description:

xiv, 498 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Edition:

Ninth edition.

Place of Publication:

Boston : Allyn and Bacon, [2003]

Contents:

Part I Introduction to Educational Research: Definitions, Research Problems, Proposals, and Report Writing 1

1 Fundamentals of Research 3

The Search for Knowledge 3

Science 6

The Role of Theory 9

Operational Definitions of Variables 9

The Hypothesis 10

Sampling 12

Purposes of Research 19

Descriptive Research, Assessment, and Evaluation 20

Types of Educational Research 22

2 Selecting a Problem and Preparing a Research Proposal 26

The Academic Research Problem 27

Using the Library 32

References and Bibliography 34

The Research Proposal 35

The First Research Project 39

Submitting to a Funding Agency 42

Thesis Proposal 43

Ethics in Human Experimentation 44

3 The Research Report 55

Style Manuals 55

Format of the Research Report 56

The Thesis or Dissertation 60

Style of Writing 61

Reference Form 62

Pagination 64

Evaluating a Research Report 71

Part II Research Methods 75

4 Historical Research 79

Purpose of Historical Research on American Education 80

History and Science 83

The Historical Hypothesis 85

Sources of Data 87

Historical Criticism 89

Writing the Historical Report 94

5 Descriptive Studies: Assessment, Evaluation, and Research 114

Assessment Studies 116

Evaluation Studies 124

Assessment and Evaluation in Problem Solving 127

Descriptive Research 129

The Follow-Up Study 134

Replication and Secondary Analysis 137

The Post Hoc Fallacy 140

6 Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Research 159

Early Experimentation 160

Experimental and Control Groups 161

Variables 162

Controlling Extraneous Variables 164

Experimental Validity 166

Experimental Design 171

7 Single-Subject Experimental Research 210

General Procedures 212

Assessment 215

Basic Designs 217

Evaluating Data 224

8 Qualitative Research 240

Themes of Qualitative Research 241

Research Questions 243

Theoretical Traditions 245

Research Strategies 247

Data Collection Techniques 254

9 Methods and Tools of Research 276

Reliability and Validity of Research Tools 276

Quantitative Studies 277

Qualitative Studies 279

Psychological and Educational Tests and Inventories 280

Types of Tests and Inventories 288

Observation 293

Inquiry Forms: The Questionnaire 300

Inquiry Forms: The Opinionnaire 317

The Interview 323

Q Methodology 325

Social Scaling 327

Organization of Data Collection 331

Limitations and Sources of Error 333

Part III Data Analysis 337

10 Descriptive Data Analysis 339

What Is Statistics? 340

Parametric and Nonparametric Data 340

Descriptive and Inferential Analysis 341

The Organization of Data 342

Statistical Measures 344

Normal Distribution 354

Measures of Relative Position: Standard Scores 359

Measures of Relationship 364

Interpretation of a Correlation Coefficient 374

Standard Error of Estimate 379

11 Inferential Data Analysis 388

Statistical Inference 388

The Central Limit Theorem 389

Parametric Tests 392

Testing Statistical Significance 392

Decision Making 395

A One-Sample Z Test 399

Student's Distribution (t) 400

Homogeneity of Variances 402

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 408

Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Partial Correlation 413

Multiple Regression and Correlation 415

Nonparametric Tests 419

Outliers and Missing Data 426

12 Computer Data Analysis 433

The Computer 433

Data Organization 435

Computer Analysis of Data 436

Statistics on the World Wide Web (Internet) 447

Qualitative Analyses Using Computer Software 448

Appendix B Sample Data Microsoft Excel Format 462

Appendix C Percentage of Area Lying between the Mean and Successive Standard Deviation Units under the Normal Curve 466

Appendix D Critical Values for Pearson's Product-Moment Correlation (r) 468

Appendix E Critical Values of Student's Distribution (t) 469

Appendix F Abridged Table of Critical Values for Chi Square 470

Appendix G Critical Values of the F Distribution 471

Appendix H Research Report Evaluation 476.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the James Hosmer Penniman Book Fund.

ISBN:

0205349978

OCLC:

49226366