Encyclopedia of Japanese descendants in the Americas : an illustrated history of the Nikkei / Akemi Kikumura-Yano, edited ; foreword by Daniel K. Inouye ; introduction by Gary Y. Okihiro.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Kikumura-Yano, Akemi, 1944-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Japanese--America--History.

Japanese.

Immigrants--America--History.

Immigrants.

Children of immigrants--America--History.

Children of immigrants.

History.

Emigration and immigration.

Japan--Emigration and immigration--History.

Japan.

America--Emigration and immigration--History.

America.

Japanese--America--History--Pictorial works.

Immigrants--America--History--Pictorial works.

Children of immigrants--America--History--Pictorial works.

Genre:

Pictorial works.

Illustrated works.

Physical Description:

xiii, 322 pages, 32 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations (some color), maps ; 29 cm

Place of Publication:

Walnut Creek, CA : AltaMira Press, [2002]

Summary:

The Encyclopedia is the first comprehensive guide to the history of Japanese immigrants in the Western Hemisphere. Who are the Nikkei and why did they leave Japan over the past two centuries? The Nikkei (people of Japanese descent and their descendants) are described from early immigration to the present as they settled in the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and the United States. Each chapter provides four primary areas of information: a historical overview, a bibliographic essay, an annotated bibliography, and supplementary materials such as demographic data and a selection of historical photographs. Contributing authors address common themes of work and recreation, family and community life. Noted scholars Gary Y. Okihiro and Eiichiro Azuma provide key introductory essays on the historical context of Japanese migration from 1868 to the present.

The Encyclopedia originated as a collaboration between the International Nikkei Research Project and a multinational team of fourteen institutions, with scholars from ten different countries. It is an impressive reference work for understanding the historical events, special circumstances, and individual and collective choices that shaped communities and the diversity of Nikkei experiences in the Americas. It will be a valuable resource and a fascinating, multifaceted portrait of Japanese immigrants for many audiences: researchers of Japanese immigration, students of ethnic and Asian studies, as well as all people of Japanese and Asian descent. The foreword is by U.S. Senator Daniel K. Inouye.

Contents:

Turning Japanese Americans / Gary Y. Okihiro 9

Worldwide Distribution of Nikkei, 1993 28

Nikkei World Demography 29

Chapter 1 Japanese Migration: Developed in Collaboration with the Imin Kenkyukai 31

Historical Overview of Japanese Emigration, 1868-2000 / Eiichiro Azuma 32

An Overview of Japanese Migration Studies, 1905-1998 / Masako Iino, Kenji Kimura, Tadashi Sugiura 49

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Migration / compiled by Imin Kenkyukai 52

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Masayo Ohara, Eiichiro Azuma 63

Map 1.1 Japanese Prewar Emigration by Prefecture, 1899-1941 64

Map 1.2 Japanese Postwar Emigration by Prefecture, 1952-1993 65

Table 1.1 Japanese Prewar Emigration by Prefecture, 1899-1941 66

Table 1.2 Japanese Postwar Emigration by Prefecture, 1952-1993 66

Table 1.3 Japanese Immigration to the Americas, Southeast Asia and Oceania, and Asian Continent: Prewar, Wartime, and Postwar 67

Japanese Emigration Timeline, 1868-1998 / Eiichiro Azuma 68

Chapter 2 Japanese Argentines: Developed in Collaboration with the Centro Nikkei Argentino and the Asociacion Universitaria Nikkei 71

Japanese Argentine Historical Overview / Isabel Laumonier 72

Japanese Argentine Bibliographic Essay / Isabel Laumonier 83

Japanese Argentine Annotated Bibliography / compiled by Isabel Laumonier 85

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Cecilia Onaha, Isabel Laumonier, Jorge Higa 89

Map 2.1 Argentina Provinces with Nikkei Populations 90

Table 2.1 Japanese Emigration to Argentina by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1906-1993 91

Table 2.2 Japanese Argentine Community Population 91

Table 2.3 Number of Descendants, Estimated in 1986 91

Table 2.4 Japanese Immigrants in Argentina by Place of Origin, Japan National Census Data of 1940 92

Table 2.5 Japanese Immigrants in Argentina by Place of Origin, 1948-1970 92

Table 2.6 Regional Distribution of Japanese Argentines 92

Table 2.7 Educational Achievement of Japanese Descendants by Percentage, 1986 Survey of Descendants Fifteen Years and Older 92

Table 2.8 Occupational Areas of Japanese Immigrants and Their Descendants by Percentage 93

Table 2.9 Religion of Japanese Immigrants and Their Descendants by Percentage, 1995 Questionnaire Survey 93

Chapter 3 Japanese Bolivians: Developed in Collaboration with the Presencia Japonesa en el Continente Americano at Keio University and the Federacion Nacional de Asociaciones Boliviano Japonesas 95

Japanese Bolivian Historical Overview / Iyo Kunimoto 96

Bibliographic Essay on the Japanese Migration to Bolivia and Nikkei Society / Iyo Kunimoto 105

Japanese Bolivian Annotated Bibliography / compiled by Iyo Kunimoto 107

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Federacion Nacional de Asociaciones Boliviano Japonesas, Toshio Yanaguida, Kozy Amemiya 111

Map 3.1 Japanese Bolivian Settlements 112

Table 3.1 JICA-Sponsored Japanese Emigration to Bolivia by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1952-1993 113

Table 3.2 Regional Distribution of Japanese Bolivians, 1955-2000 113

Table 3.3 Japanese Bolivian Gender Breakdown by Percentage, 1955-2000 113

Table 3.4 Educational Level of Japanese in Bolivia by Percentage, 2000 114

Table 3.5 Occupational Fields of Japanese Bolivian Heads of Household by Percentage, 2000 114

Table 3.6 Occupational Fields of Japanese Bolivian Population of Wives and Children by Percentage, 2000 114

Table 3.7 Religion of Japanese Bolivians by Percentage, 2000 114

Chapter 4 Japanese Brazilians: Developed in Collaboration with the Museu Historico da Imigracao Japonesa no Brasil 115

Japanese Brazilian Historical Overview / Masato Ninomiya 116

Bibliographic Essay of Japanese Immigrants and Their Descendants / Masato Ninomiya, Naomi Hoki Moniz 127

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Brazilians / compiled by Masato Ninomiya, Naomi Hoki Moniz 130

Supplementary Materials / compiled by John Mizuki, Masato Ninomiya, Hironobu Kai 143

Map 4.1 Locations of Nikkei Populations in Brazil 144

Table 4.1 Japanese Emigration to Brazil by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1906-1993 145

Table 4.2 Total Population of Japanese Brazilians, 1923-2006 (Projected) 146

Table 4.3 Male/Female Ratio of Japanese Immigrants in Brazil on Arrival, 1908-1962 146

Table 4.4 Regional Distribution of Japanese Brazilians, 1923-1974 146

Table 4.5 Education of Japanese Immigrants and Their Descendants by Percentage, Ages Fifteen Years and Older in 1958 147

Table 4.6 Nisei Enrolled in Higher Education in the City of Sao Paulo by Percentage, 1967 147

Table 4.7 Occupational Areas of Japanese Brazilians by Percentage 147

Table 4.8 Religion of Japanese Brazilians by Percentage, Ages Seven Years and Older in 1958 147

Chapter 5 Japanese Canadians: Developed in Collaboration with the Japanese Canadian National Museum 149

A Brief History of Japanese Canadians / Audrey Kobayashi, Midge Ayukawa 150

Japanese Canadian Bibliographic Essay / Audrey Kobayashi, Midge Ayukawa 162

Japanese Canadians Annotated Bibliography / compiled by Audrey Kobayashi, Midge Ayukawa 164

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Audrey Kobayashi, Midge Ayukawa, Kathleen Wilson, Michael Pacey 171

Map 5.1 Locations of Nikkei Populations in Canada 172

Table 5.1 Japanese Emigration to Canada by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1899-1993 173

Table 5.2 Total Population of Japanese Canadians (Showing Single and Multiple Responses by Sex) 173

Table 5.3 Total Population of Japanese Canadians (Showing Age-Sex Distribution), 1996 173

Table 5.4 Regional Distribution of Japanese Canadians by Sex (Showing Single and Multiple Responses) 174

Table 5.5 Total Population of Japanese Canadians (Showing Age-Sex Distribution), 1996 174

Table 5.6 School Attendance of Japanese Canadians, Ages Fifteen Years and Older, 1996 174

Table 5.7 Highest Level of Schooling of Japanese Canadians, Ages Fifteen Years and Older, 1996 175

Table 5.8 Labor Force Activity of Japanese Canadians, Ages Fifteen Years and Older, 1996 175

Table 5.9 Industry Divisions of Japanese Canadians, Ages Fifteen Years and Older Who Worked since January 1, 1995 (Showing Sex Distribution), 1996 176

Table 5.10 Japanese Canadians, Ages Fifteen Years and Older Who Worked since January 1, 1995, by Occupation (Showing Sex Distribution), 1996 176

Chapter 6 Japanese Chileans: Developed in Collaboration with the Sociedad Japonesa de Beneficencia, "Nikkei-Chile" 177

Japanese Immigrants and Nikkei Chileans / Ariel Takeda 178

Japanese Chilean Bibliographic Essay: General Historical Perspective / Naomi Hirose, Maria Teresa Senda, Ariel Takeda 192

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Chileans / compiled by Naomi Hirose, Maria Teresa Senda, Ariel Takeda 194

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Naomi Hirose, Maria Teresa Senda, Ariel Takeda 197

Map 6.1 Geographic Distribution of Nikkei Populations in Chile 198

Table 6.1 Japanese Emigration to Chile by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, Pre-1940 199

Table 6.2 Japanese Population in Chile, 1875-1940 199

Table 6.3 Distribution of Japanese Population by Province, 1907-1940 200

Table 6.4 Nikkei Population by Gender and Regional Distribution, 1992 200

Table 6.5 Nikkei Families by Income, 1992 201

Document 6.1 Survey of Nikkei Families, December 1999 202

Chapter 7 Japanese Mexicans: Developed in Collaboration with the Asociacion Mexico Japonesa, A.C. 203

Japanese Mexican Historical Overview / Jesus K. Akachi, Carlos T. Kasuga, Manuel S. Murakami, Maria Elena Ota Mishima, Enrique Shibayama, Rene Tanaka 204

Japanese Mexican Bibliographic Essay / Jesus K. Akachi, Carlos T. Kasuga, Manuel S. Murakami, Maria Elena Ota Mishima, Enrique Shibayama, Rene Tanaka 222

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Mexicans / Compiled by Jesus K. Akachi, Carlos T. Kasuga, Manuel S. Murakami, Maria Elena Ota Mishima, Enrique Shibayama, Rene Tanaka 223

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Jesus K. Akachi, Carlos T. Kasuga, Manuel S.

Murakami, Maria Elena Ota Mishima, Enrique Shibayama, Rene Tanaka 225

Map 7.1 Locations of Japanese Mexican Populations in the Historical Overview 226

Table 7.1 Japanese Emigration to Mexico by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1890-1949 227

Table 7.2 Total Japanese Mexican Population and Male/Female Ratio, 1950-1990 227

Table 7.3 Regional Distribution of Japanese Mexicans, 1950-1990 227

Table 7.4 Educational Level of Japanese Mexicans, 1950-1990 227

Table 7.5 Educational Level of Japanese Mexicans by Primary, Secondary, and College Education, 1950-1990 228

Table 7.6 Occupational Areas of Japanese Mexicans by Percentage, 1950-1990 228

Table 7.7 Religion of Japanese Mexicans, 1950-1990 228

Chapter 8 Japanese Paraguayans: Developed in Collaboration with the Centro Nikkei Paraguayo 229

Japanese Paraguayan Historical Overview / Emi Kasamatsu 230

Bibliographic Essay on Themes of the Japanese and Nikkei of Paraguay / Emi Kasamatsu 239

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Paraguayans / compiled by Emi Kasamatsu 241

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Emi Kasamatsu 243

Map 8.1 Locations of Nikkei Populations in Paraguay 244

Table 8.1 Japanese Emigration to Paraguay by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1921-1993 245

Table 8.2 Nikkei Population in Paraguay by Ethnic Categories in 1991 245

Table 8.3 Japanese-Language Education in Asuncion 245

Table 8.4 Japanese-Language Education of Two Japanese Paraguayan Settlements 246

Table 8.5 Occupational Fields of Japanese Paraguayans by Percentage 246

Table 8.6 Religion of Japanese Paraguayans by Percentage 246

Chapter 9 Japanese Peruvians: Developed in Collaboration with the Fundacion Cultural Nikkei del Peru and the Museo Conmemorativo de la Inmigracion Japonesa en el Peru 247

Japanese Immigrants and Their Descendants in Peru: 1899-1998 / Amelia Morimoto 248

Peruvian Japanese Bibliographic Essay / Raul Araki, Jorge M. Nakamoto 258

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Peruvians / compiled by Raul Araki 262

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Amelia Morimoto 271

Map 9.1 Important Locales in the History of Japanese Peruvians 272

Table 9.1 Japanese Emigration to Peru by Prefecture of Origin in Japan, 1906-1923, and 1989 273

Table 9.2 Total Population and Gender Breakdown of Japanese Immigrants and Their Descendants in Peru 273

Table 9.3 Regional Distribution of Japanese Peruvians by Percentage 274

Table 9.4 Educational Level of Japanese Peruvians by Generation in 1989 274

Table 9.5 Occupational Fields of Japanese Peruvians by Percentage, 1934-1989 274

Table 9.6 Religion of Japanese Peruvians in 1989 274

Chapter 10 Japanese Americans: Developed in Collaboration with the Center for Oral History and Social Science Research Institute at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa and the Asian American Studies Center at the University of California at Los Angeles 275

Japanese American Historical Overview, 1868-2001 / Eiichiro Azuma 276

Japanese American Bibliographic Essay / Brian Niiya, Eiichiro Azuma 293

Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Americans / compiled by Brian Niiya, Michiko Kodama-Nishimoto, Eiichiro Azuma 295

Supplementary Materials / compiled by Eiichiro Azuma, Marie Masumoto, Toshiko McCallum, Sharon Yamato 307

Map 10.1 Location of Sites of Incarceration during World War II 308

Table 10.1 Japanese Emigration to Hawai'i and the Continental United States 309

Table 10.2 Total Japanese American Population by Decade and Gender Breakdown, 1900-2000 310

Table 10.3 Regional Distribution of Japanese Americans, 1900-2000 310

Table 10.4 Japanese American Population by State, 1900-2000 311

Table 10.5 Educational Level of Japanese Americans, 1950-1990 311

Table 10.6 Occupational Breakdown of Japanese Americans, 1920-1990 311.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0759101493

OCLC:

48965106