The basic EMT : comprehensive prehospital patient care / Norman E. McSwain, Jr., James L. Paturas.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

McSwain, Norman E., 1937-

Paturas, James L.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Medical emergencies.

Emergency medical technicians.

Emergency medical services.

Emergencies.

Emergency Medical Services.

Medical Subjects:

Emergencies.

Emergency Medical Services.

Physical Description:

xxix, 930 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 29 cm

Edition:

2003 edition.

Other Title:

Basic emergency medical technician

Place of Publication:

St. Louis : MosbyJems, [2003]

Summary:

Now, thanks to valuable feedback from students and instructors, The Basic EMT is better than ever! Redesigned and revised to meet your needs, the Revised 2003 2nd Edition offers thorough background information and encourages critical thinking skills. In addition to an all-new appendix on Weapons of Mass Destruction, this edition presents EMT skills in a user-friendly, step-by-step format. The Basic EMT also features an integrated series of algorithms throughout the text, allowing readers to see the big picture as they learn about each part of the process.

Contents:

Section 1 Introduction to EMS 1

Emergency Medical Provider 5

Emergency Medical Service System 6

Health Care Delivery System 7

Common EMS System Variables 9

Future of EMS 15

Future of the EMT 15

EMS System Challenges 15

2 Roles/Responsibilities of the EMT 20

Emergency Medical Services System 21

Communication 22

Roles and Responsibilities 24

Professional Attributes 26

Professional Ethics 27

Certification and Licensure 27

Professional Organizations 28

3 Medical/Legal Principles 31

Medical Control 32

Prehospital Medical Record Documentation 33

Consent for Medical Care and Transportation 33

Consent in the Incompetent Adult Patient 35

Surrogate Consent 36

Providing Treatment at a Possible Crime Scene 37

EMT's Scope of Practice 37

Right to Receive Care Without Interruption 38

Right to Receive Appropriate Care 38

Organ Donation 39

4 EMS Medical Director 42

Medical Direction 45

5 Well-Being of the EMT 53

Assess Scene for Hazards 54

Body Substance Isolation 55

Overview of Special Scenes 55

Death and Dying 60

Dealing with the Dying Patient and Family Members 61

EMT's Reaction to Emergencies 63

EMT's Family and Friends 64

Understanding Stress 65

6 Infection Control 74

Importance of Body Substance Isolation 76

Common Infectious Diseases 77

Guidelines for Bloodborne Pathogen Protection 78

Methods for Personal Protection for the EMT 80

7 The Human Body 86

Musculoskeletal System 88

Body Systems 95

Body Cavities 105

8 Assessment 113

Patient Assessment 117

General Impression and Plan of Action 117

Scene Size-up 118

Initial Patient Assessment 120

Rapid Focused History and Physical Examination 126

Baseline Vital Signs 137

Signs Versus Symptoms 137

Pulse 138

Ventilations 140

Blood Pressure 141

Skin Color and Temperature 142

Level of Consciousness 142

Pupil Reaction 144

SAMPLE History 144

Vital Signs Review 145

9 Management of Shock 150

Anatomy and Physiology 153

Pathophysiology 159

Assessment 165

Management 167

10 Airway Management and Ventilation 177

Anatomy and Physiology 180

Assessment 184

Management 186

11 Advanced Airway Management Skills 212

Anatomy and Physiology 215

Pathophysiology of Airway Compromise 216

Assessment: Indications for Endotracheal Intubation 216

Management 217

Advance Directives 231

12 Scene Size-up and the EMS Call 235

Types of EMS Calls 238

Citizen Access and Communication 240

Dispatching the Ambulance 241

En Route to the Scene 241

At the Scene 243

Bioethical Considerations 247

Transportation Considerations 249

Emergency Department 249

Continuum of In-hospital Care 251

Section 2 Nontraumatic Emergencies 255

13 General Pharmacology 257

Overview of the Use of Medications by the EMT 258

Medication Names 259

Forms of Medications 259

Drug Dynamics 261

Reading Labels and Prescriptions 263

Specific Medications 264

Assessment and Management 264

14 Respiratory Emergencies 272

Respiratory System 275

Pathophysiology 275

Management 282

15 Cardiovascular Emergencies 288

Anatomy 291

Physiology 292

Pathophysiology 296

Assessment 297

Management 298

Automated External Defibrillation 300

16 Early Defibrillation 306

Sudden Cardiac Death 307

Automated External Defibrillator 310

Postresuscitation Care 315

Maintenance of the AED 315

Maintaining AED Skills 315

17 Altered Mental Status 323

Causes of Altered Mental Status 324

Assessment of the Patient with Altered Mental Status 330

18 Allergies 335

Anatomy and Physiology 336

Pathophysiology 337

Assessment 338

Management 339

19 Toxic Emergencies: Poisoning and Overdose 343

Poison Control Centers 344

Anatomy and Physiology 345

Assessment 346

Management 348

Substance Abuse 350

20 Behavioral Emergencies 355

Behavior 356

Behavioral Emergencies 357

Magnitude of Mental Health Problems 357

Assessment of Behavioral Emergencies 358

Primary and Secondary Psychologic Crises 361

Medicolegal Considerations 368

Management and Emergency Medical Treatment 369

21 Obstetric and Gynecologic Emergencies 372

Anatomy and Physiology 373

Pathophysiology 379

Assessment 381

Management 382

Alleged Sexual Assault 391

Section 3 Trauma 401

22 Kinematics of Trauma 403

Precrash, Crash, Postcrash 405

Physics of Energy Exchange 406

Blunt Trauma 410

Motorcycle Collisions 425

Pedestrian Injury 427

Falls 429

Sports Injuries 430

Blast Injuries 431

Penetrating Injuries 432

23 Soft Tissue Injury and Bleeding Control 442

Anatomy and Physiology 445

Pathophysiology 447

Assessment 451

Management 452

Controlling Bleeding 456

24 Head Trauma 460

Anatomy of the Head 462

Pathophysiology of the Head 467

Assessment of Head Injuries 471

Management of Head Injuries 476

25 Chest Trauma 476

Anatomy 477

Physiology 481

Pathophysiology 483

Heart 486

Assessment 486

Management 487

26 Abdominal Emergencies 493

Anatomy 494

Physiology and Pathophysiology 497

Assessment 500

Management 501

27 Spinal Trauma 504

Nervous System 507

Anatomy of the Spine 508

Pathophysiology of the Spine 510

Assessment of Spinal Injuries 511

Management if Spinal Injuries 513

Skills 514

28 Musculoskeletal Trauma 529

Anatomy and Physiology 531

Muscle and Bone Interaction to Produce Motion 532

Pathophysiology 536

Assessment 542

Management 545

Practical Skills: Splinting 546

29 Environmental Emergencies 560

Anatomy and Physiology of Temperature Regulation 561

Pathophysiology: Environmental Factors Affecting Body Temperature 564

Assessment of Environmental Emergencies 565

Management of Environmental Emergencies 566

Generalized Cold Exposure 566

Localized Cold Exposure 569

Heat Exposure 571

Burns 573

Water-Related Emergencies 577

Bites and Stings 578

Section 4 Special Patient Populations 583

30 Geriatric Patients 585

Aging 586

Anatomy and Physiology 587

Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease 591

Assessment: General Considerations 592

Medications and the Elderly 594

Initial Assessment 595

Assessment and Emergency Medical Care of Acute Illness 595

Assessment and Emergency Medical Care of Trauma 596

Environmental Problems 597

Geriatric Cases 598

Suicide 599

Elder Abuse 599

31 Infants and Children 604

Pediatric Patients 605

Pathophysiology 612

Pediatric Basic Life Support 614

Pediatric Basic Airway and Respiratory Adjuncts 615

Pediatric Resuscitation 617

Assessment and Management of Common Pediatric Medical Emergencies 618

Pediatric Trauma 622

Other Pediatric Problems 630

Children with Special Needs 632

Pain Control in Infants and Children 633

32 The Patient with Special Needs 638

Pathophysiology 640

Assessment 648

Management 652

Family Considerations 655

EMT-B Considerations 655

Guidelines for Disability Awareness 656

Section 5 EMS Operations 659

33 Lifting and Moving Patients 661

Time-Dependent Medical Problems 662

Minimization of Risk 663

Mechanics of Lifting 664

General Guidelines for Safe Lifting 664

Guidelines for Safe Lifting of Cots and Stretchers 665

Guidelines for Carrying Patients and Equipment 666

Guidelines for Safe Carrying Procedures on Stairs 666

Guidelines for Reaching 668

Guidelines for Pushing and Pulling 668

Principles for Moving Patients 668

Equipment for Moving Patients 672

Equipment Maintenance 678

Patient Positioning 679

Transportation Considerations 680

34 Communications 686

Components of an EMS Communication System 687

Public Access 691

Emergency Medical Dispatch 692

General Guidelines for Radio

Communication 693

Communication with Medical Direction or Destination Facility 694

Communication en Route to the Hospital 695

In-Person Communication with Facility Staff 696

Essential Principles of Interpersonal Communication 697

Communication with Special Patients 697

Legal Concerns 698

35 Documentation 701

Patient Care Report 702

Special Situations 711

36 Quality Improvement 715

Quality Assurance 717

Quality Assessment Methods 718

Quality Improvement Loop 719

The Emergency Medical Technician's Role in Quality Assurance 722

37 Ambulance Operation 724

Ambulance 725

Medical Equipment 726

Portable Kits 730

Nonmedical Equipment 731

Daily Inspections 731

Dispatch 734

En Route 734

Positioning the Unit 736

Arrival at the Scene 738

Transferring the Patient to the Ambulance 738

En Route to the Receiving Facility 739

At the Receiving Facility 739

En Route to the Station 739

Post-run 740

38 Interagency Interface 742

Dispatcher 743

First Responders 744

Advanced Life Support Paramedics 744

Other Levels of Advanced Life Support 745

Aeromedical Services 745

Child Protective Services 751

Elder Abuse Services 752

Managed Care Organizations 752

Interacting with Law Enforcement Agencies 752

Search and Rescue 754

Conflict Resolution 755

Section 6 Special Topics 759

39 Gaining Access 761

Types of Rescue Operations 762

Rescue Action Plan 764

Vehicle Rescue Incidents 765

40 Emergency Preparedness 774

Disaster and Multiple-Casualty Response 776

Hazardous Materials Response 782

41 Diving Emergencies 791

The Physics of Air 793

Pressure, Volume, and Density 794

Barotrauma Injuries Occurring During Descent 794

Barotrauma Injuries Occurring During Ascent 795

Pathophysiology 797

Assessment 799

Management 801

42 Military EMS 806

Military Echelons of Care 808

Emergent Care in the Tactical Environment 809

Weapons of Mass Destruction 815

Triage 820

Comparison of Civilian Versus Military Casualty Management 821

Appendix A CPR Review 825

Appendix B National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) Skill Sheets 842

Appendix C National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Technical Advisory Panel (TAP) Standards 862

Appendix D Weapons of Mass Destruction 864.

Notes:

Includes index.

ISBN:

0323022561

OCLC:

53076046