Crafting a cloning policy : from Dolly to stem cells / Andrea L. Bonnicksen.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bonnicksen, Andrea L.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cloning--Government policy--United States.

Cloning.

Cloning--Government policy.

United States.

Physical Description:

xii, 220 pages ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : Georgetown University Press, [2002]

Contents:

Chapter 2 Underpinnings of Policy Development 14

Technological Optimism 15

Persistent Conflict over Embryo Research 19

Inclination toward Private Policy 25

Chapter 3 Attempts to Legislate: U.S. Congress, 1997 30

Early Actions and Information Gathering 31

Congressional Hearings 34

National Bioethics Advisory Commission: Meetings and Report 37

Proposed Legislation from the President 44

Additional Hearings 45

Chapter 4 The Politics of Reproductive Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, 1998 54

Activities in the Senate 55

A House Hearing 63

Chapter 5 The Politics of Therapeutic Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, 1999 68

Therapeutic Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer 69

Ethical Issues and Policy Options 71

Using Spare Embryos for Embryonic Stem Cell Research 72

Creating Embryos through Fertilization for Embryonic Stem Cell Research 73

Creating Embryos through Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer for Embryonic Stem Cell Research 74

U.S. Senate Hearings (1) 74

Legal Interpretation by the National Institutes of Health 78

Report from the National Bioethics Advisory Commission 80

National Institutes of Health Advisory Committee 83

The Politics of Embryonic Stem Cell Research 84

U.S. Senate Hearings (2) 88

The Changing Politics of Embryo Research 92

Chapter 6 Administrative Oversight: Food and Drug Administration 99

Nature of Food and Drug Administration Oversight 99

Reproductive and Therapeutic Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer 108

The Food and Drug Administration's Role in Cloning Policy 112

Chapter 7 Oversight Through Federal Research Funding 118

Nature of Federal Protection of Human Research Participants 118

Heightened Oversight for Categories of Research 122

Gene Therapy and the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee 123

Embryo Research and Heightened Review 127

Human Research Protections and Reproductive Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer 132

Chapter 8 State Legislatures and State and Federal Courts 136

Reproductive Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and Embryo Research Laws 137

Laws and the Constitution 143

Enabling Reproductive Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer 147

Chapter 9 Cross-National and International Oversight 151

Policy Mechanisms in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia 151

United Kingdom 152

Canada 157

Australia 160

Observations 162

Policies in Other Nations 164

Embryo Research and Cloning Laws 164

Observations 167

International Responses to Reproductive Cloning 169

Nongovernmental Organizations 169

Governmental Organizations 170

Chapter 10 Toward Responsible Policymaking 178

Four Policy Approaches 178

Legislation with a Narrow Arc 179

Legislation with a Broad Arc 180

Existing Regulatory Mechanisms 182

Adjustments to Existing Regulatory Mechanisms 183

A Changing Metaphor 192.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 194-213) and index.

ISBN:

0878403701

087840371X

OCLC:

49247828