Plant signal transduction / edited by Dierk Scheel and Claus Wasternack.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Scheel, Dierk.

Wasternack, C. (Claus)

Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

Series:

Frontiers in molecular biology ; 38.

Frontiers in molecular biology ; 38

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Plant cellular signal transduction.

Plant molecular biology.

Plant Cells.

Signal Transduction.

Cell Communication.

Medical Subjects:

Plant Cells.

Signal Transduction.

Cell Communication.

Physical Description:

xxi, 324 pages, 4 unnumbered leaves of plates : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2002.

Summary:

The growth and differentiation of living organisms are continuously adjusted to a multitude of environmental factors, each of which underlies a perpetual variation. The sessile existence of plants further emphasizes the requirement for efficient adaptation and defence mechanisms. The changes in environmental factors may range from moderate to dramatic and can concern many components at the same time. They may be abiotic or biotic in nature and range from essential to toxic in their effects. Among the numerous abiotic factors are nutrients, light, oxygen, water, temperature, gravity, wind, touch and chemicals. Biotic factors are represented by other organisms involved in symbiotic, pathogenic or herbivorous interactions with plants. All of these environmental factors are independently and specifically recognized by plants. Perception and overall response are linked by signal transduction pathways at cellular, systemic and interorganismic levels. In order to guarantee proper adaptation to the environment, signals generated following perception of a multitude of environmental factors need to be integrated and evaluated according to their importance. Cross-talk between different signaling pathways within such networks appears to be the basis for the evaluation of the importance of incoming signals. Knowledge of these complex processes allows a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation. Modulation of distinct signaling elements can generate plants with improved stress resistance. This book represents a comprehensive summary of the enormous amount of information that is now available on signal transduction processes involved in the communication of plants with abiotic and biotic elements of their environment.

Contents:

1 Signal transduction in plants: cross-talk with the environment / Dierk Scheel, Claus Wasternack 1

2 Light perception and signal transduction / Ferenc Nagy, Eberhard Schafer 6

2. The cryptochrome (CRY1 and CRY2) and phytochrome (PHYA-E) photoreceptor families 6

3. Photoreceptor mutants and over-expression studies 7

4. Biochemical approaches to the elucidation of the mechanism of light-induced signal transduction 8

5. Genetic analysis of signal transduction 9

6. Cell biological approaches 13

3 Wound- and mechanical signalling / Florian Schaller, Elmar W. Weiler 20

2. Plant signal transduction in response to wound- and mechanical stimuli 22

2.1 Fatty acid signalling 22

2.2 Peptide signalling 25

2.3 Oligosaccharide signalling 26

3. Wounding/herbivore attack 26

3.1 Fatty acid signalling/octadecanoids 27

3.2 Protein kinases and signal transduction 29

3.3 Ca[superscript 2+]-/calmodulin-based signal transduction 30

3.4 Peptide signalling 30

4. Mechanotransduction 31

4.1 Fatty acid signalling/octadecanoids 32

4.2 Protein kinases and signal transduction 33

4.3 Ca[superscript 2+]-/calmodulin-based signal transduction 33

4.4 Polypeptide signalling 34

4 The role of active oxygen species in plant signal transduction / Eva Vranova, Frank Van Breusegem, James Dat, Enric Belles-Boix, Dirk Inze 45

1. Active oxygen species in plants 45

1.1 Biochemical properties 45

1.2 Sources of AOS in plant cells 46

1.3 Mechanisms that modulate AOS levels in plants 48

2. AOS as signal molecules 52

2.1 Signalling role of AOS in defence responses 52

2.2 Signalling role of AOS in cell death 53

2.3 Signalling role of AOS in growth and morphogenesis 54

2.4 AOS and redox signalling 54

3. AOS: part of a signalling network 60

3.1 Salicylic acid 60

3.2 Ethylene 61

3.3 Jasmonic acid 61

3.4 Abscisic acid 61

3.5 Growth-stimulating hormones 62

3.6 Nitric oxide 63

5 Heat-stress-induced signalling / Kapil Bharti, Lutz Nover 74

1.1 The heat-stress response 74

1.2 Complexity of the heat-stress response 75

2. Signalling systems 76

2.1 Membranes 76

2.2 Calcium 77

2.3 Protein kinase cascades 78

3. The Hsf network 79

3.1 Basic structure of Hsfs 79

3.2 Multiplicity of Hsfs 81

3.3 Control of Hsf activity 85

4. Complex cellular programmes influenced by heat stress 92

4.1 Translational reprogramming 92

4.2 Cell cycle 94

4.3 Ribosome biosynthesis 94

4.4 Photosynthesis 95

4.5 Apoptosis 96

6 Molecular mechanisms of signal transduction in cold acclimation / Julio Salinas 116

2. The complexity of the cold-acclimation response 117

3. Sensing low temperatures 118

4. Transducing the cold signal 119

4.1 Biochemical analysis of signal transduction in response to low temperature 120

4.2 Molecular analysis of signal transduction in response to low temperature 124

4.3 Genetic analysis of signal transduction in response to low temperature 128

5. Concluding remarks and future perspectives 131

7 Dehydration-stress signal transduction / Hans-Hubert Kirch, Jonathan Phillips, Dorothea Bartels 140

1. Introduction: dehydration-stress studies in plants 140

2. Signal perception 141

3. The role of abscisic acid: ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signalling pathways 141

3.1 ABA-independent regulation of dehydration-stress response 143

3.2 ABA-dependent regulation of dehydration-stress response 143

4. Mutants as tool to dissect the signalling pathways 144

4.1 ABA-deficient mutants 146

4.2 ABA-insensitive and hypersensitive mutants 146

4.3 Mutants with an altered response to ABA and osmotic stress 148

5. Identification of transcription factors important for dehydration signalling pathways 149

5.1 Basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins 150

5.2 AP2/EREBP domain proteins 151

5.3 Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) proteins 152

5.4 MYB proteins 153

5.5 Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins 154

5.6 ABI3/VP1 proteins 154

6. Signalling components involved in water stress 155

7. Cross-talk of the dehydration-stress signalling pathway 155

8. Exploiting the knowledge of dehydration-stress signal transduction to engineer stress tolerance 156

8 Salt-stress signal transduction in plants / Liming Xiong, Jian-Kang Zhu 165

1. Salt uptake and determinants of salt tolerance in plants 166

1.1 Salt-uptake mechanisms 166

1.2 Salt extrusion and compartmentation 166

1.3 Production of osmolytes and detoxification of free radicals 168

1.4 Role of Ca[superscript 2+] and other ions in plant salt tolerance 170

2. Regulation of salt-tolerance responses 171

2.1 Membrane potential 171

2.2 Acidity 172

2.3 Variety and concentration of salts 172

2.4 Abscisic acid and other phytohormones 173

2.5 Transcriptional regulation 174

2.6 Post-transcriptional regulation 174

3. Salt-stress signal transduction modules and pathways 175

3.1 Receptors 175

3.2 Second messengers 177

3.3 Phosphoproteins 179

3.4 MAPK modules 182

3.5 Transcription factors 184

3.6 Signal partners: protein modifiers, adapters, and scaffolds 185

4. Outlook 187

9 Recognition and defence signalling in plant/bacterial and fungal interactions / Jong Hyun Ham, Andrew Bent 198

2. Gene-for-gene resistance and the initiation of defence signal transduction 198

2.1 A molecular foundation for the gene-for-gene hypothesis 199

2.2 Bacterial signals 199

2.3 Fungal signals 201

2.4 Structure and function of R genes 202

2.5 The evolution and specificity of R genes 204

3. What actually stops pathogen growth? 205

4. Defence signal transduction pathways 206

4.1 Identification and dissection of defence signal transduction components by genetic analysis 207

4.2 Biochemical/pharmacological methods 212

4.3 Immunoprecipitation, interaction cloning, site-directed mutagenesis 214

4.4 Transcriptional control of defence-related genes in plants 215

4.5 Microarrays and global gene expression patterns 215

5. Application of defence signal transduction findings 216

10 Signalling in plant-virus interactions / Steven A. Whitham, S. P. Dinesh-Kumar 226

2. Induction of host DNA synthesis factors for viral replication 227

3. Viral suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing 230

4. Alterations in host gene expression during virus infection 234

5. Induction of R-gene-mediated defence responses 236

5.1 Virus-resistance gene structure, function, and regulation 236

5.2 Avirulence components of virus-resistance genes 239

5.3 Virus-resistance gene signalling 239

6. Future approaches to host-virus interactions and conclusions 241

11 LCO signalling in the interaction between rhizobia and legumes / Rossana Mirabella, Henk Franssen, Ton Bisseling 250

2. Morphological changes induced in root hairs 252

2.1 Root-hair growth 252

2.2 Root-hair deformation 254

2.3 Root-hair curling and infection 254

3. Nod-factor perception 255

3.1 Site of Nod-factor perception 256

3.2 Multiple receptors 256

3.3 Nod-factor-binding proteins 257

4. Nod-factor signalling 258

4.1 Biochemical approach 258

4.2 Genetic dissection of the Nod-factor signalling 259

5.1 Cloning of legume genes involved in Nod-factor perception or transduction 262

5.2 Integration of biochemical and genetic studies 263

5.3 From signal to form 263

12 Rhizospheric signals and early molecular events in the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis / F. Martin, S. Duplessis, F. A. Ditengou, H. Lagrange, C. Voiblet, F.

Lapeyrie 272

1. Ectomycorrhiza development: a multistep process 272

2. Rhizospheric signals are involved in the symbiosis developmental sequence 274

3. Detection and analysis of gene expression during mycorrhiza development 278

3.1 Analysis of the transcriptome of the Eucalyptus/Pisolithus ectomycorrhiza 280

3.2 Genes involved in signalling, adaptation, and defence reactions 281

3.3 Genes coding for structural proteins 282

3.4 Genes involved in metabolism 282

3.5 Genes of unknown function 282

13 Signalling in plant-insect interactions: signal transduction in direct and indirect plant defence / Marcel Dicke, Remco M. P. Van Poecke 289

2. Direct versus indirect plant defence 289

3. Induction of direct defence 290

3.1 Proteinase inhibitors 291

3.2 Plant secondary metabolites 291

3.3 Signal transduction 292

4. Induction of indirect defence 295

4.1 Identity of herbivore-induced plant volatiles 296

4.2 Importance of herbivore-induced plant volatiles to carnivorous arthropods 297

4.3 Response by carnivorous arthropods and benefits to plants 298

4.4 Herbivore-induced plant volatiles and responses by herbivores 299

4.5 Herbivore-induced plant volatiles and effects on neighbouring plants 299

4.6 Signal transduction 300

5. Interaction between direct and indirect defence 304

6. Interaction between defences against pathogens and herbivores 305

7. Comparative analysis of signal transduction in induction of direct and indirect defence: model systems 305

8. Major questions to be addressed 306.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

ISBN:

0199638802

0199638799

OCLC:

48066883