Polymer dispersions and their industrial applications / edited by Dieter Urban and Koichi Takamura.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Urban, Dieter, 1951 November 16-

Takamura, Koichi

Rosengarten Family Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Water-soluble polymers.

Physical Description:

xviii, 408 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm

Place of Publication:

Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, [2002]

Summary:

Aqueous polymer dispersions are environmentally friendly and therefore they have replaced in many applications polymers dissolved in organic solvents. This substitution process is still ongoing. This book discusses the world of aqueous polymer dispersions from the viewpoint of how they are applied. For a better understanding it starts with a general description of the synthesis of polymer dispersions and their characterization. The following chapters are dedicated to a wide variety of applications, including history, modern processes, and typical formulations and performance. The selection and the usage of a polymer dispersion are not uniform around the world because of historical and regional differences of the technical developments and marketing demands. Leading scientists from industry contributed to this book ensuring that practical issues are emphasized.

Contents:

1.2 Properties of Polymer Dispersions 3

1.3 Important Raw Materials 8

1.4 Commercial Importance of Polymer Dispersions 10

1.5 Manufacturers of Polymer Dispersions 12

2 Synthesis of Polymer Dispersions 15

2.2 Chemistry 17

2.2.1 Mechanism of Emulsion Polymerization 17

2.2.2 Major Monomers 23

2.2.3 Functional Monomers 26

2.2.4 Surfactants 27

2.2.5 Initiator Systems 30

2.2.6 Other Ingredients 32

2.3 Manufacturing Processes 34

2.3.1 Types of Process 34

2.3.2 Influence of Process Conditions on Polymer/Colloidal Properties 37

2.3.3 Equipment Considerations 39

2.3.4 Safety Considerations 40

3 Characterization of Aqueous Polymer Dispersions 41

3.2 Polymer Dispersions 42

3.2.1 General Characterization of Dispersions 42

3.2.2 Characterization of Polymer Particles 48

3.2.3 Residual Volatiles 56

3.2.4 Aqueous Phase Analysis 57

3.3 Polymer Films 58

3.3.1 Film Formation 59

3.3.2 Macroscopic Characterization of Polymer Films 60

3.3.3 Microscopic Characterization of Polymers 68

4 Applications in the Paper Industry 75

4.2 The Paper Industry 76

4.3 Surface Sizing 79

4.4 Paper Coating 81

4.4.1 Coating Techniques 84

4.4.2 Pigments used in Coating Colors 86

4.4.3 Co-binders and Thickeners used in Coating Colors 87

4.4.4 Binders used in Coating Colors 90

4.4.5 Test Methods 97

5 Applications for Printing Inks 103

5.1.1 Flexographic Ink 104

5.1.2 Gravure Ink 106

5.2 Ink Composition 106

5.2.1 Pigment Dispersion 108

5.2.2 Emulsion Vehicle 109

5.2.3 Solution Vehicle 112

5.2.4 Waterborne Wax Emulsions and Powders 113

5.2.5 Ink Additives 113

5.3 Physical Properties and Test Methods 114

5.3.1 Typical Properties 114

5.3.2 Application Tests 115

5.3.3 Test Method Abstracts 115

5.4 Inks for Flexible Substrates (Films) 117

5.4.1 Surface Print Film 118

5.4.2 Lawn and Garden Bags 118

5.5 Inks for Paper Board Substrates 118

5.5.1 Folding Cartons 118

5.5.2 Direct Print Corrugated Packages 119

5.5.3 Pre-print Corrugated Packages 119

5.6 Inks for Poly-coated Board 120

5.6.1 Milk Cartons 120

5.6.2 Cup and Plate 120

5.7 Inks for Paper Products 120

5.7.1 Multiple Wall Bags 121

5.7.2 Gift Wrap and Envelopes 121

5.7.3 Newspapers 121

5.7.4 Towel and Tissue 122

6 Applications for Decorative and Protective Coatings 123

6.1.1 Market Overview 123

6.1.2 Coating Industry Trends 124

6.1.3 Coatings Provide Decoration and Protection 124

6.2 Overview of Coating Formulations 125

6.2.1 Volume Solids and Pigment Volume Content 125

6.2.2 Polymer Matrix 127

6.2.3 Film Formation 128

6.2.4 Typical Polymer Compositions 129

6.2.5 Pigments, Extenders, and Additives 132

6.3 Decorative Coatings 137

6.3.1 Emulsion Polymers in Decorative Coatings 137

6.3.2 Polymer Compositions used for Emulsion-based Decorative Coatings 137

6.3.3 Regional Distinctions in Decorative Coatings 138

6.3.4 Market Size of Decorative Coatings 138

6.4 Interior Decorative Coatings 139

6.4.1 Key Performance Features 139

6.4.2 Interior Decorative Coating Formulations 140

6.4.3 Standard Application and Performance Tests 142

6.5 Exterior Decorative Coatings 146

6.5.1 Key Performance Features 146

6.5.2 Exterior Decorative Coating Formulations 147

6.5.3 Standard Application and Performance Tests 147

6.6 Elastomeric Wall Coatings 149

6.6.1 Key Performance Features 149

6.6.2 Typical Elastomeric Wall Coating Formulations 150

6.6.3 Standard Application and Performance Tests 151

6.7 Primer Coatings 151

6.7.1 Key Performance Features 152

6.7.2 Primer Formulations 152

6.7.3 Standard Application and Performance Tests 153

6.8 Protective and Industrial Coatings 154

6.8.1 Copolymers used in Protective and Industrial Coatings 154

6.8.2 Market Size 155

6.8.3 Industrial Maintenance Coatings 155

6.8.4 Key Performance Features 155

6.8.5 Formulation Characteristics for Industrial Maintenance Coatings 156

6.8.6 Standard Application and Performance Tests 156

6.9 Traffic Marking Paints 158

6.9.1 Description of Traffic Paint Market 158

6.9.2 Key Performance Features 159

6.9.3 Typical Traffic Paint Formulation 159

6.9.4 Standard Application and Performance Tests 159

7 Applications for Automotive Coatings 163

7.1.1 History of Automotive Coating 164

7.2 Automotive Coating Layers 166

7.2.1 Electrocoat 170

7.2.2 Primer 172

7.2.3 Basecoat 173

7.3 Properties of Water-borne Binders used for Automotive Coatings 176

7.3.1 Emulsion Polymers 176

7.3.2 Microgels 177

7.3.3 Miniemulsions 177

7.3.4 Selection of Monomers, Initiators, and Surfactants 178

7.3.5 Secondary Acrylic Dispersions 179

7.3.6 Secondary Polyurethane Dispersions 179

7.4 Rheology 181

7.5 Crosslinking 183

7.6 Application Properties 185

7.6.1 Metallic Effect 186

7.7 Environmental Aspects and Future Trends 186

8 Applications in the Adhesives and Construction Industries 191

8.2 Pressure-sensitive Adhesives 193

8.2.1 Self-adhesive Labels 194

8.2.2 Self-adhesive Tapes 207

8.2.3 Test Methods 210

8.3 Laminating Adhesives 217

8.3.1 Flexible Packaging 217

8.3.2 Glossy Film Lamination 219

8.3.3 Furniture and Automotive 222

8.4 Construction Adhesives 224

8.4.1 Floor-covering Adhesives 224

8.4.2 Sub-floor and Wall Mastics 231

8.4.3 Sealants 233

8.4.4 Ceramic Tile Adhesives 238

8.4.5 Polymer-modified Mortars 241

8.4.6 Waterproofing Membranes 244

8.4.7 Elastomeric Roof Coatings 247

9 Applications in the Carpet Industry 253

9.2 History of Carpet 253

9.3 Present Day Carpet Business 255

9.4 Carpet Backing Binders 256

9.5 Carpet Laminating 259

9.5.3 Back-coating Applications 261

9.5.4 Back-coating Formulations and Ingredients 262

9.5.5 Industry Issues 264

10 Non-wovens Application 267

10.2 Manufacturing Systems 270

10.2.1 Web Formation 271

10.2.2 Web Consolidation 272

10.3 Polymer Dispersions for Chemical Bonding 273

10.4 Application Test Methods 275

11 Applications in the Leather Industry 283

11.2 Market Situation 284

11.3 Leather Finishing 286

11.3.1 Modern Finishing 287

11.3.2 General Construction of Finishing Coats 287

11.3.3 Spray Dyeing 287

11.3.4 Grain Impregnation 287

11.3.5 Base Coat 287

11.3.6 Pigment Coat 288

11.3.7 Top Coat 288

11.4 Application Methods 288

11.4.1 Spraying 289

11.4.2 Roll Coating 289

11.4.3 Curtain Coater 289

11.5 Binders 291

11.5.1 Polyacrylate Dispersions 291

11.5.2 Polybutadiene Dispersions 291

11.5.3 Polyurethane Dispersions 292

11.6 Production of Selected Leather Articles 292

11.6.1 Shoe Upper Leather 292

11.6.2 Apparel Leather 293

11.6.3 Automotive Leather 294

11.6.4 Furniture Leathers 295

11.7 Test Methods in Leather Finishing 296

11.7.1 Flexing Endurance 297

11.7.2 Rub-fastness 298

11.7.3 Dry and Wet Adhesion 299

11.7.4 Fastness to Ironing 299

11.7.5 Hot Air Fastness 299

11.7.6 Aging resistance 299

11.7.7 Fogging test 300

11.7.8 Light-fastness 300

11.7.9 Hot light aging 300

12 Applications for Asphalt Modification 301

12.2 Hot Mix Asphalt Paving 303

12.2.1 Asphalt Specification 304

12.2.2 In-line Injection (Pump-in) 311

12.3 Paving with Asphalt Emulsion 313

12.3.1 Applications of Asphalt Emulsions 314

12.3.2 Asphalt Emulsion Tests 317

12.3.3 Polymer Honeycomb Structure in Cured Asphalt Emulsion 317

12.3.4 Asphalt Emulsion Residue Characterization 319

12.3.5 Application Tests for Chip Seal and Microsurfacing 321

12.4 Eco-efficiency Analysis 323

13 Applications of Redispersible Powders 329

13.2 Manufacturing of Redispersible Powders 330

13.3 Dry Mortar Technology 332

13.4 Markets and

Application Areas of Redispersible Powders 333

13.4.1 Adhesives for Ceramic Tiles 334

13.4.2 Tile Grouts 340

13.4.3 Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems and Top Coats 341

13.4.4 Self-leveling Underlayments 345

13.4.5 Patch and Repair Mortars 346

13.4.6 Waterproof Membranes 350

14 Applications for Modification of Plastic Materials 355

14.2 Emulsion Polymerization and Isolation Technology 356

14.2.1 Isolation Technology 357

14.3 Processing Aids 358

14.3.1 Processing Aids for PVC 359

14.3.2 Processing Aids for Other Resins 366

14.4 Impact Modifiers 367

14.4.1 Impact Modifiers for PVC 368

14.4.2 Engineering Resins 375

15 Applications for Dipped Goods 383

15.2 Polymers Used by the Dipping Industry 384

15.3 Principles of Dipping 385

15.4 Dipping Synthetic Polymer Emulsions in Practice 386

15.4.1 Former Design 386

15.4.2 Mix Design 388

15.4.3 Coagulant 390

15.4.4 The Dipping Process 390

15.5 The Testing of Synthetic Gloves 395

15.5.1 Non-safety-critical Gloves 395

15.5.2 Safety-critical Gloves 396.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Rosengarten Family Fund.

ISBN:

3527302867

OCLC:

48627446