The great treks : the transformation of Southern Africa, 1815-1854 / Norman Etherington.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Etherington, Norman.

Series:

Turning points (Longman (Firm))

Turning points

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

South Africa--History--Frontier Wars, 1811-1878.

South Africa.

History.

South Africa--History--Great Trek, 1836-1840.

Physical Description:

xxv, 366 pages : maps ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

Harlow, England ; New York : Longman, 2001.

Contents:

2. Life in the heartland in the late eighteenth century 10

Power over people 11

War and conflict 18

Continuity and change in social groupings before 1800 22

Warfare and leadership in the eighteenth century: a bird's-eye view 25

3. Foreign invaders advance along the western panhandle 45

Environment and ecology of the panhandle 45

Kora and other raiders begin to infiltrate the heartland 51

Confronting the Griqua and Kora raiders 53

New enemies on the Xhosa western frontier 55

The British succeed the Dutch East Indian Company as masters of the western panhandle 57

First Xhosa encounters with the British on the western frontier 60

4. The emergence of new leaders and state-builders 73

MaNthatisi becomes a chief 73

MaNthatisi and Sekonyela 75

Power struggles in the south-east 79

Making the Zulu 84

MaNthatisi's advance and retreat 88

Moshweshwe, the cattle razor 92

Griqua and Kora praise the Lord - and pass the ammunition 93

Trade wars in the north 97

More Europeans arrive 100

5. Hardship, ambition and opportunity create new conflicts 111

Drought 111

Soshangane, Zwengendaba and Nxaba in Mozambique, c. 1822- 6 114

Zwide and Sobhuza stand their ground 122

Three bad years on the southern highveld, 1822- 4, and the struggle for the Caledon River Valley 124

Three bad years on the southern highveld, 1822- 4: temporary displacement of many people scattered along the Vaal river system 133

Summing up so far 137

6. 'Mantatees', 'Matabele' and 'Fetcani' 147

Identifying the 'Mantatee' 147

Shaka and the Port Natal traders 148

First reports of the Fetcani 152

Mzilikazi and the realignment of politics on the highveld 159

Confrontation and confusion as British commandos seek out the 'Fetcani' 169

7. Making contact with British authorities; getting guns and missionaries 183

The last days of Shaka 183

Trying to make contact through missionaries and gun-runners 191

Mzilikazi challenges Griqua/Kora dominance 196

Perils and profits of dealing with missionaries 198

The great Rolong trek 203

Developments in the British Zone 205

8. Confronting the British threat through diplomacy and war 212

New threats of invasion 219

Andrew Smith comes on another secret mission 221

The Anglo-Xhosa war of 1834- 5 228

9. The coming of the Boer trekkers, 1836- 8 243

The trekking movement 243

Counting the costs of Vegkop and Mosega: a decisive shift in the spatial deployment of power 253

The Trekkers advance 256

Dingane faces the trekker invasion 261

10. Adjusting to the presence of new forces in the heartland 273

Dina's trek 273

Dingane's gamble 274

The later Ndwandwe diaspora 275

The British take a hand 278

The defence of the Zulu kingdom 279

The breaking of the rope 282

Zikhali and the Princess Nomlalati 286

The short, troubled life of the Republic of Natalia 288

New warlords in the northern highveld 294

A new economy and struggles for land on the southern highveld 299

11. British officials intervene on the highveld 308

New rules and treaties for the Caldon Valley 308

The 'War of the Axe' and the return of Harry Smith 311

Harry Smith inscribes a new order on the highveld 314

The end of Harry Smith 317

12. Legacies 329

The erroneous but enduring idea that the Zulu kingdom was an entirely new and enormously destructive force 330

Stories of the 'lifaqane' in the Caledon Valley and emergence of the concept of the 'mfecane' 333

Further refinement of the mfecane concept 337

The 'Movement of the Emigrant Farmers' becomes 'The Great Trek' 340

Forgetting chieftainship, inventing tribes 344.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [350]-351) and index.

ISBN:

0582315670

OCLC:

47893949