Cell and molecular biology : concepts and experiments / Gerald Karp.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Karp, Gerald.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cytology.

Molecular biology.

Physical Description:

1 volume (various pagings) : color illustrations ; 29 cm + 1 computer optical disc (4 3/4 in.)

Edition:

Third edition.

Other Title:

Title of accompanying disk: Cell view 2.0 to accompany Cell and molecular biology : concepts and experiments

Place of Publication:

New York ; Chichester [England] : J. Wiley, [2002]

System Details:

text file

Summary:

Balances coverage of the concepts of cell and molecular biology, using examples of experimentation to support those concepts. As experimental techniques become more diverse and complex, it is increasingly necessary to identify individual studies that have a broad impact on our understanding of cell biology. This text describes in detail some of the key experimental findings, along with the original data and figures.

Contents:

1 Introduction to the Study of Cell Biology 1

1.1 The Discovery of Cells 2

1.2 Basic Properties of Cells 3

1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells 7

1.4 Viruses 22

2 The Chemical Basis of Life 32

2.1 Covalent Bonds 33

2.2 Noncovalent Bonds 36

2.3 Acids, Bases, and Buffers 39

2.4 The Nature of Biological Molecules 41

2.5 Four Types of Biological Molecules 43

2.6 The Formation of Complex Macromolecular Structures 74

3 Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism 83

3.1 Bioenergetics 84

3.2 Enzymes as Biological Catalysts 92

3.3 Metabolism 105

4 The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane 122

4.1 An Overview of Membrane Functions 123

4.2 A Brief History of Studies on Plasma Membrane Structure 124

4.3 The Chemical Composition of Membranes 127

4.4 The Structure and Functions of Membrane Proteins 132

4.5 Membrane Lipids and Membrane Fluidity 140

4.6 The Dynamic Nature of the Plasma Membrane 143

4.7 The Movement of Substances Across Cell Membranes 150

4.8 Membrane Potentials and Nerve Impulses 165

5 Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion 183

5.1 Mitochondrial Structure and Function 184

5.2 Oxidative Metabolism in the Mitochondrion 187

5.3 The Role of Mitochondria in the Formation of ATP 192

5.4 Translocation of Protons and the Establishment of a Proton-motive Force 202

5.5 The Machinery for ATP Formation 203

5.6 Peroxisomes 211

6 Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast 218

6.1 Chloroplast Structure and Function 219

6.2 An Overview of Photosynthetic Metabolism 221

6.3 The Absorption of Light 222

6.4 Photosynthetic Units and Reaction Centers 224

6.5 Photophosphorylation 233

6.6 Carbon Dioxide Fixation and the Synthesis of Carbohydrate 234

7 Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment 243

7.1 The Extracellular Space 244

7.2 Interactions of Cells with Noncellular Substrates 252

7.3 Interactions of Cells with Other Cells 257

7.4 Tight Junctions: Sealing the Extracellular Space 268

7.5 Gap Junctions and Plasmodesmata: Mediating Intercellular Communication 270

7.6 Cell Walls 273

8 Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking 279

8.1 An Overview of the Endomembrane System 280

8.2 A Few Approaches to the Study of Cytomembranes 281

8.3 The Endoplasmic Reticulum 288

8.4 The Golgi Complex 299

8.5 Types of Vesicle Transport and Their Functions 303

8.6 Lysosomes 311

8.7 Plant Cell Vacuoles 313

8.8 Cellular Uptake of Particles and Macromolecules 314

8.9 Posttranslational Uptake of Proteins by Peroxisomes, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts 323

9 The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility 333

9.1 Overview of the Major Functions of the Cytoskeleton 334

9.2 The Study of the Cytoskeleton 335

9.3 Microtubules 338

9.4 Intermediate Filaments 363

9.5 Microfilaments 366

9.6 Muscle Contractility 372

9.7 Nonmuscle Motility 382

10 The Nature of the Gene and the Genome 397

10.1 The Concept of a Gene as a Unit of Inheritance 398

10.2 Chromosomes: The Physical Carriers of the Genes 399

10.3 The Chemical Nature of the Gene 404

10.4 The Structure of the Genome 411

10.5 The Stability of the Genome 420

10.6 Molecular Maps of the Genome 426

11 Expression of Genetic Information: From Transcription to Translation 439

11.1 The Relationship Between Genes and Proteins 440

11.2 Transcription: The Basic Process 442

11.3 Transcription and RNA Processing in Eukaryotic Cells 447

11.4 Encoding Genetic Information 471

11.5 Decoding the Codons: The Role of Transfer RNAs 474

11.6 Translating Genetic Information 479

12 The Cell Nucleus and the Control of Gene Expression 494

12.1 The Nucleus of a Eukaryotic Cell 495

12.2 Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes 517

12.3 Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 521

12.4 Posttranslational Control: Determining Protein Stability 545

13 DNA Replication and Repair 551

13.1 DNA Replication 552

13.2 DNA Repair 572

13.3 Between Replication and Repair 575

14 Cellular Reproduction 580

14.1 The Cell Cycle 581

14.2 M Phase: Mitosis and Cytokinesis 590

14.3 Meiosis 609

15 Cell Signaling: Communication Between Cells and Their Environment 628

15.1 Basic Characteristics of Cell-Signaling Systems 629

15.2 Second Messengers and G Protein-Coupled Receptors 631

15.3 The Role of Calcium as an Intracellular Messenger 644

15.4 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: A Second Major Type of Signaling Pathway 648

15.5 Signals That Originate from Contacts Between the Cell Surface and the Substratum 654

15.6 Convergence, Divergence, and Crosstalk Among Different Signaling Pathways 658

15.7 Other Signaling Pathways 660

16 Cancer 671

16.1 The Biology of Cancer 672

16.2 The Causes of Cancer 675

16.3 The Genetics of Cancer 676

16.4 New Strategies for Combating Cancer 691

17 The Immune Response 703

17.1 An Overview of the Immune Response 704

17.2 The Clonal Selection Theory as It Applies to B Cells 707

17.3 Lymphocytes: Activation and Mechanism of Action 710

17.4 Selected Topics on the Cellular and Molecular Basis of Immunity 712

18 Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology 737

18.1 The Light Microscope 738

18.2 Transmission Electron Microscopy 744

18.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy 751

18.4 The Use of Radioisotopes 752

18.5 Cell Culture 754

18.6 The Fractionation of a Cell's Contents by Differential Centrifugation 757

18.7 Isolation, Purification, and Fractionation of Proteins 758

18.8 Determination of Protein Structure by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis 764

18.9 Purification and Fractionation of Nucleic Acids 765

18.10 Measurements of Protein and Nucleic Acid Concentration by Spectrophotometry 766

18.11 Ultracentrifugation 767

18.12 Nucleic Acid Hybridization 769

18.13 Recombinant DNA Technology 770

18.14 The Use of Antibodies 783.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0471389137

OCLC:

46683893