Laser remote sensing of the ocean : methods and applications / Alexey Bunkin, Konstantin Voliak.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bunkin, A. F. (Alekseĭ Fedorovich)

Contributor:

Voli︠a︡k, K. I.

Series:

Wiley series in lasers and applications

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Oceanography--Remote sensing.

Oceanography.

Optical radar.

Physical Description:

x, 244 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

New York : John Wiley, [2001]

Contents:

1.1 Potential Applications of Laser Remote Sensing 1

1.2 Airborne Laser Remote Sensing of Natural Media 5

2 General Principles and Applications of Lidars 20

2.1 Lidar Operation 20

2.1.1 Airborne Lidar Instrumentation 20

2.1.2 Structural Diagrams of Lidars 22

2.1.2 Lasers in Lidar Transmitters 26

2.2 Absorption and Raman-Scattering Spectroscopy in Atmosphere Monitoring 30

2.2.1 Remote Gas Analysis by Differential Absorption 30

2.2.2 Path IR Measurements of Gas Composition 39

2.2.3 Equipment for Multifrequency Gas Analysis on Horizontal Atmospheric Paths Based on a Frequency-Switched CO[subscript 2] Laser 41

2.2.4 Ground Atmosphere Gas Composition by Path Measurements 44

2.3 Remote Gas Analysis by Spontaneous Raman Scattering of Light 46

2.3.1 General Characterization of the Method 46

2.3.2 Measurement of Atmospheric Gas Composition with RS Lidars 57

2.4 Lidar Wind Measurements 60

2.4.1 Doppler Method 60

2.4.2 Direct Heterodyning 62

2.4.3 Wind Measurements by Doppler Lidars 65

3 Hydrographic Lidars: Design and Basic Applications 68

3.1 Airborne Lidar Instrumentation 68

3.1.1 Principal Units and Structure of Airborne Lidars 72

3.1.2 Optical Subsystem 73

3.1.3 Electric Circuit and Electronic Equipment 76

3.2 Helicoptor-Based Lidar System of GPI for Remote Sensing of Earth's Surface 79

3.3 Airborne Lidar Metrology and Calibration 83

3.4 Autonomous Geographical Referencing of Laser Remote Sensing Data 90

3.5 Field Testing of Hydrographic Lidars: Bathymetry 92

3.5.1 Spectral Structure of the Experimental Return Signal 105

3.5.2 Charts of Fluorescence of Dissolved Organics and Phytoplankton 107

3.5.3 Depths of Spectral Component Sounding in Real Water Bodies 110

3.5.4 Laser Spectroscopy of Petroleum and Its Products 112

3.5.5 Field and Laboratory Tests of the GPI Helicopter-Based Lidar 119

4 Laser Spectroscopy of Photosynthesizing Organisms in the Ocean 131

4.1 Problem Formulation 131

4.2 Phytoplankton Fields in the World Ocean 132

4.3 Spectral Characteristics of Pigments in Photosynthesizing Organisms 134

4.3.1 Laser Spectroscopy of Phytoplankton 142

4.3.2 Temperature Dependencies of Phytoplankton Fluorescence Spectra 144

4.3.3 Effect of Biologically Active Nonluminescent Compounds on Phytoplankton Fluorescence 147

5 Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy in Water Temperature Measurement 150

5.1 Experimental Setup 152

5.2 Experimental and Theory 154

5.2.1 Raman-Induced Kerr-Effect Spectroscopy of Water 157

5.2.2 Decomposition of Stretching Vibration Band of Liquid Water 161

5.2.3 Temperature Deformation of the Spectra 166

5.2.4 Spectrum Deformation When Changing Salt Concentration 170

5.3 Possible Remote Recording of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectra 174

5.4 Raman-Induced Kerr-Effect Spectra Remotely Recorded Using Nonlinear Spectroscopy 179

5.4.1 Remote RIKES Detection of Small Impurities 182

5.4.2 Measuring Nonlinear Raman Spectra by Elastically Scattered Pump Waves 188

5.4.3 Remote RIKES Spectroscopy in the Field 192

A.1 Remote Laser Diagnostics of Terrestrial Higher Vegetation by Its Luminescence 196

A.2 Laser Remote Sensing of Water and Ice Temperature by Spontaneous Raman Spectra 206.

Notes:

"A Wiley-Interscience publication."

Includes bibliographical references (pages 221-230) and index.

ISBN:

0471389277

OCLC:

44516595