Calcium signalling in cancer / Gajanan V. Sherbet.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Sherbet, G. V. (Gajanan V.)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Carcinogenesis.

Calcium-binding proteins.

Metastasis.

Cancer invasiveness.

Neoplasm Proteins--physiology.

Calcium Signaling--physiology.

Calcium-Binding Proteins--physiology.

Cell Differentiation--physiology.

Neoplasm Invasiveness.

Neoplasm Metastasis.

Medical Subjects:

Neoplasm Proteins--physiology.

Calcium Signaling--physiology.

Calcium-Binding Proteins--physiology.

Cell Differentiation--physiology.

Neoplasm Invasiveness.

Neoplasm Metastasis.

Physical Description:

361 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Boca Raton : CRC, [2001]

Summary:

Calcium Signaling in Cancer is a concise up-to-date treatise on the transduction signals that are induced by calcium. It also considers how alterations in this calcium-dependent signal transduction pathway are related to a number of human diseases, especially focusing on neoplastic transformation. This authoritative text examines the various signaling pathways along with associated mechanisms and examines a broad range of topics-from mechanisms and significance of calcium homeostasis for normal cell function to calcium signaling pathways and the transduction of the calcium signal especially in proliferation, cell motility, cancer invasion and metastasis with emphasis on the role played by calcium binding proteins in these processes.

Contents:

Chapter 2 The Calcium Signalling Pathway 5

Homeostasis of Cell Calcium 5

The Plasma Membrane Ca[superscript 2+]-ATPase Pump 5

The Sarcoplasmic-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca[superscript 2+]-ATPase Pump 7

Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels 8

The Deregulation of Calcium Homeostasis as a Primary Event in Carcinogenesis 9

Phospholipid Signalling 10

PTEN Phosphatase in the Regulation of Lipid Signalling 11

The Protein Kinase C Pathway 13

Protein Kinase C and Its Isoforms in Signal Transduction 14

Inositol Phosphates in Calcium Signal Transduction 16

Deregulation of Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Pathway and Its Consequences 18

Ryanodine and Related Receptors in Calcium Mobilisation 20

Cyclic AMP in Calcium Signalling 21

Architectural Aspects of the Signal Transduction Machinery 25

The Role of Caveolae in Signal Transduction 25

Caveolin Expression in Cancer 28

Chapter 3 Calcium Binding Proteins and Their Natural Classification 29

Chapter 4 Non-EF-Hand Calcium Binding Proteins 35

Annexins 35

Structure 35

Biologic Functions 36

Annexins in Cancer Growth and Progression 38

Annexins in Morphogenesis and Differentiation 39

The Gelsolin Family of Calcium Binding Proteins 40

Gelsolin in Severing and Capping of Actin Filaments 40

Gelsolin in Embryonic Development and Morphogenesis 41

Gelsolin Expression in Amyloidosis 42

Gelsolin in Cancer 42

Severin and Cytoskeletal Reorganisation 44

Villin in Differentiation and Neoplasia 44

Calreticulin and Its Functional Diversity 46

Structure and Molecular Features of Calreticulin 46

Regulation of Calreticulin Expression 46

Phosphorylation of Calreticulin 47

Intracellular Distribution of Calreticulin 48

Calreticulin in Intracellular Calcium Storage 48

Calreticulin and Calnexin as Molecular Chaperones 49

Calreticulin in Cell Proliferation and Differentiation 50

Calreticulin in Cell Adhesion 50

Calreticulin in Neoplasia 51

Immunological Implications of Calreticulin Function 52

Calsequestrin and Intracellular Calcium Storage 53

Osteocalcin in Bone Metabolism and Osteotropism of Cancer 54

The Biology of Osteocalcin 54

Calcium-Binding Properties of Osteocalcin 55

Osteocalcin Gene Structure and Function 55

Regulation of Osteocalcin by Vitamin D3 56

Osteocalcin in Cell Proliferation and Differentiation 57

Osteotropism of Metastatic Dissemination 60

Chapter 5 The EF-Hand Calcium-Binding Proteins 63

Molecular Organisation of Calcium Binding EF-Hand Proteins 63

Calcium Binding and the Molecular Configuration of Calcium-Binding Proteins 65

The Structure and Organisation of S100 Family Genes 68

Alternatively Spliced Variants of S100A4 68

Functional Significance of Alternatively Spliced Isoforms 69

Regulation of Expression of S100 Family Genes 71

Transcriptional Regulation of S100 Genes 71

Regulation of Gene Expression by DNA Methylation 72

DNA Methylation in Cancer 72

Regulation of S100 Gene Transcription by Methylation 74

Chapter 6 The Calmodulin Family of Calcium Binding Proteins 75

Calmodulin and Its Physiological Function 75

Structure and Mode of Action of Calmodulin 75

Calmodulin-Mediated Signal Transduction 76

Calmodulin and Cell Proliferation 77

Calmodulin in Neoplasia 78

Recoverin Subfamily of Neural Calcium-Binding Proteins and Their Function 79

The G-Protein Signalling Pathway 79

Recoverin and Its Function 80

Mode of Action of Recoverin 82

Post-translational Modification of Recoverin 82

Recoverin and Cancer-Associated Retinopathy 83

Recoverin and Cancer-Associated Retinopathy in Small Cell Lung Cancer 83

Retinopathy Associated with Other Forms of Human Cancer 84

Is Recoverin Involved in Retinitis Pigmentosa? 85

Guanylate Cyclase-Activating Proteins 85

Chapter 7 The Structure of Contractile Proteins 87

The Actin Component of Contractile Machinery of the Cell 87

Actin Isoforms 87

Regulation of Actin Dynamics 88

Cofilin in the Regulation of Actin Dynamics 88

Profilin in the Regulation of Actin Dynamics 90

Rho GTPases in Actin Dynamics and Signal Transduction 90

Interaction of Formin with Profilin and Rho GTPases 92

The Role of Thymosin Family Actin-Binding Proteins in Actin Dynamics 93

Sequestration of Actin by Thymosins 93

Effects of Thymosins on Cell Proliferation 93

Thymosins and Cell Motility and Differentiation 94

Expression of Thymosins in Embryonic Development 94

Potential Role of Thymosins in Cancer Progression 95

The Fimbrin Family of Actin-Binding Proteins 96

Molecular Features of Fimbrin 96

Function of Fimbrin in Cytoskeletal Organisation 97

Regulation of Fimbrin Expression 99

Is Fimbrin Involved in Cancer? 100

Modulation of Actin Dynamics and Cancer Cell Dissemination 101

[alpha]-Actinin 102

Molecular Structure of [alpha]-Actinin 102

[alpha]-Actinin Isoforms 103

Function of [alpha]-Actinin 104

Actinins in Cell Adhesion, Motility, and Signal Transduction 104

The Cadherin

Catenin Complex in Signal Transduction and Cell Adhesion 104

Myosin Filaments 110

Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) Isoforms 111

Actomyosin Assembly 112

Myosin Light Chain (MLC) Phosphorylation and Function 115

Troponins and Tropomyosins in the Regulation of Muscle Cell Contraction 118

The Regulatory Role of Troponins and Tropomyosins in Muscle Contraction 118

Tropomyosin Isoforms in Benign and Malignant Cells 119

The Regulatory Role of Caldesmon 121

Calponin: Its Function and Regulation 122

Caltropin-Mediated Reversal of Myosin-ATPase Inhibition by Caldesmon and Calponin 124

Chapter 8 Structure and Biology of Calbindin 125

Calbindin in Neuronal Populations 125

Neural Cell Lineage and the Regulation of Calbindin Expression 125

Calbindin Expression in Embryonic Development and Ageing 126

Physiological Function of Calbindin 127

Neuroprotective Function of Calbindin 129

Calbindin Expression and the Metastatic Phenotype 129

Chapter 9 Calretinin: Its Role in Cell Differentiation and as a Potential Tumour Marker 131

Calretinin and Its Alternatively Spliced Isoforms 131

Regulation of Calretinin Expression 132

Calretinin Expression in Cell Proliferation and Differentiation 133

Calretinin and Its Possible Neuroprotective Property 133

Calretinin as a Potential Tumour Marker 133

Chapter 10 Calcineurin in Cell Proliferation, Cell Adhesion, and Cell Spreading 135

Molecular Features of Calcineurin 135

Calcineurin in Cell Proliferation and Adhesion-Related Phenomena 136

Putative Role of Calcineurin in Cell Cycle Progression 136

The Effects of Calcineurin on Cell Adhesion and Motility 138

Calcineurin in Alzheimer's Disease 140

Calcineurin in Immunosuppression 141

Chapter 11 Centrins (Caltractins) and Their Biological Functions 145

Chapter 12 Reticulocalbin Family of EF-Hand Proteins 149

Molecular Features of Reticulocalbin Homologues 150

Putative Functions of Reticulocalbin and Its Homologues 150

Chapter 13 Calpains in Normal and Aberrant Cell Physiology 153

The Calpain Family of Calcium-Binding Proteins 153

Molecular Organisation of Calpains 154

Regulation of Physiological Events by Proteolytic Function 155

Involvement of Calpains in Development and Differentiation 157

Calpains in Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis 158

Calpains in Cell Spreading and Migration 160

Calpains in Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion and Signal Transduction 161

Calpains in Cancer Growth and Progression 162

Calpains in Myelodegenerative Diseases 163

Calpains in Muscular Dystrophy 165

Association of Calpains with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy 165

Calpains and Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 166

Chapter 14 Caspases in Apoptosis, Cell Migration, Proliferation, and Neoplasia 169

Caspases in Apoptotic Cell Death 169

Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase as a Marker of Apoptosis 172

Caspase-Mediated Apoptosis and Cell Growth Inhibition in Tumour Expansion 173

Caspase-Mediated Proteolysis of Fodrin: Implications for Apoptosis, Cell Adhesion, Cell

Migration, and Neoplastic Transformation 176

Caspases and Neuronal Loss in Alzheimer's Disease 177

Chapter 15 Parvalbumins in Neuronal Development, Differentiation, and Proliferation 181

Chapter 16 Osteonectin in Cell Function and Behaviour 183

Molecular Structure of Osteonectin 183

Functions and Functional Domains of Osteonectin 184

Regulation of Osteonectin Expression 184

Osteonectin in the Remodelling of the Extracellular Matrix 186

Osteonectin in Embryonic Development and Differentiation 187

Modulation of Cellular Adhesion, Cell Shape, and Motility by Osteonectin 188

Modulation of Cell Proliferation by Osteonectin 190

Effects of Osteonectin on Angiogenesis 191

Osteonectin Expression in Cancer Development and Progression 193

Osteonectin Involvement in Other Disease States 196

Osteonectin Homologues and Their Putative Tumour Suppressor Properties 197

Chapter 17 S100 Proteins: Their Biological Function and Role in Pathogenesis 199

S100 Proteins in Cell Differentiation, Motility, and Cancer Invasion 202

Profilaggrin (FLG) in Keratinocyte Differentiation 202

The Molecular Characteristics of Profilaggrin 202

Trichohyalin (THH) 205

Effects of S100 Proteins on Cell Deformability and Cellular Morphology 205

Cell Adhesion and Invasive Potential of Cancer Cells 210

S100 Proteins in Remodelling of the Extracellular Matrix 213

S100 Proteins in Cell Proliferation 214

Cell Cycle-Related Expression of S100 Proteins 217

Postulated Mechanism of Cell Cycle Control by S100A4 219

S100A Isoforms 222

S100A2 as a Putative Tumour Suppressor 223

S100A3 Expression in Cell Differentiation and Neoplasia 224

Molecular Features of S100A3 224

S100A3 Expression in Cell Differentiation and Human Gliomas 225

S100A4 in Cancer Development and Progression 225

S100A4 Expression and Metastatic Potential of Cancers 225

Clinical Potential of S100A4 as a Marker for Cancer Prognosis 230

S100A4 in Human Breast Cancer 230

S100A4 in Other Forms of Human Cancer 234

S100A6 (Calcyclin) in Cancer 235

The Biological Properties of S100A7 (Psoriasin) 236

Structure and Molecular Properties of S100A7 236

S100A7 in Skin Pathology 237

S100A7 in Neoplastic Disease 238

S100A8 and S100A9 Proteins in Inflammatory Diseases 239

S100A11 (S100C) and Possible Modes of its Function 239

S100P in Cancer Progression 241

S100P and Its Putative Functions 241

Potential Value of S100 Proteins as Markers of Cancer Progression and Prognosis 243.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 249-348) and index.

ISBN:

0849309425

OCLC:

44721140