Behavioral neurobiology : the cellular organization of natural behavior / Thomas J. Carew.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Carew, Thomas J.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Psychobiology.

Neuropsychology.

Comparative neurobiology.

Neurobiology.

Medical Subjects:

Neuropsychology.

Neurobiology.

Physical Description:

ix, 435 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Place of Publication:

Sunderland, Mass. : Sinauer Associates Publishers, [2000]

Summary:

The pedagogical premise of this book is that general insights into the neuronal organization of behavior can be gained by examining neural solutions that animals have evolved to solve problems encountered in their particular environmental niche. The author presents in-depth "case studies" of individual animals; themes clearly emerge, but take on additional meaning by being considered in a real-world behavioral context.

Contents:

Chapter 1 Neurons as the Building Blocks of Behavior 3

The Analysis of Behavior in the Field and in the Laboratory 4

Measuring Behavior in the Natural Environment 4

Measuring Behavior in the Laboratory 9

Cells, Synapses, and Circuits 13

Basic Properties of Nerve Cells 14

Synaptic Transmission 19

The Neuronal Architecture of Behavior 22

Relating Nerve Cells to Behavior 26

Part II Sensory Worlds 33

Chapter 2 Echolocation in Bats 35

The Behavioral Repertoire of Bats 36

Cues That Bats Use to Decode Their Acoustic

Environment 37

The Hunting Bat 45

Neural Mechanims of Echolocation 48

The Basilar Membrane and Primary Sensory Neurons 48

The Inferior Colliculus 50

The Auditory Cortex 51

Why Are Any Moths Left? 56

Chapter 3 Prey Location in Barn Owls 61

Bringing the Behaving Barn Owl into the Laboratory 62

Intensity Cues 66

Timing Cues 67

Exploring the Neural Pathways for Sound Localization 70

Space-Specific Neurons Provide a Map of Auditory Space 70

Measuring and Encoding Interaural Time Differences 75

The Owl's Auditory System Uses Delay Lines and Coincidence Detectors 78

Visual Calibration of the Auditory World 81

Behavioral Analysis of the Role of Visual Experience in Auditory Localization 81

Neural Correlates of Behavioral Plasticity 83

A Sensitive Period for Visual Calibration of ITD Tuning in the Tectum 88

Sites of Adaptive Plasticity in the Auditory System 89

Chapter 4 Feature Analysis in Toads 95

Recognition and Localization of Predators and Prey 96

Responses in the Natural Environment 96

Bringing Prey-Catching Behavior into the Laboratory 98

The Search for Feature Analyzers in the Toad's Brain 102

The Visual System of the Toad 102

Responses of Retinal Ganglion Cells to Behaviorally Relevant Stimuli 106

Responses of Thalamic

Pretectal Neurons 108

Responses of Tectal Neurons 109

Candidate Neural Circuit for Feature Analysis in the Toad 110

From Recognition to Response 115

Part III Motor Strategies 125

Chapter 5 Mate Calling in Crickets 127

Song Production by the Male 129

The Neural Circuitry for Song Production 132

Triggering a Song 134

Song Recognition by the Female 137

Essential Features of the Calling Song 138

Recognition and Localization of the Song 140

Neuronal Processing of Song 144

Sender

Receiver Matching 150

Chapter 6 Flight in Locusts 155

The Flying Locust 156

A Behavioral Analysis of Flight 156

Anatomy of the Flight System 157

Cellular Organization of the Flight System 159

Discovery of a Central Pattern Generator in the Flight System 159

Cellular Organization of the Central Pattern Generator 165

The Role of Proprioceptive Feedback 173

Integrating Sensory Information during Flight 177

Deviation-Detecting Interneurons 179

Processing of Descending Information in the Flight Control Circuitry 182

Chapter 7 Escape Behavior in Crayfish 187

Behavioral Features and Functional Anatomy of the Escape Response 188

Neuronal Architecture of the Escape Response 192

The Neural Circuit for the Tail Flip 194

The LGI Circuit 195

Flipping Out 200

Reextension 209

Swimming 210

Adaptive Modulation of the Escape Response 213

Restraint-Induced Inhibition 214

Motivational Modulation of Escape Behavior 215

Modulation of Escape Behavior by Learning 219

Part IV Behavioral Plasticity 229

Chapter 8 The Development of Learning in Songbirds 231

The Behavioral Analysis of Birdsong: From the Field to the Laboratory 233

What's in a Song? 233

The Learning of Song 236

Sexual Dimorphism and Hormonal Regulation 248

Singing in the Brain 250

Anatomy of the Song System 251

Laterality of the Song System 253

Seasonal Variations and Neurogenesis 255

The Anterior Forebrain Pathway 258

Cellular Analysis of the Song System 259

Chapter 9 Associative Learning in Honeybees 271

Learning in the Natural Environment 272

The Foraging Cycle 273

The Special Case of Flower Learning 276

Associating Color with Reward 276

It's All in the Timing 281

There's More to a Flower than Its Color 282

Odor Learning in the Proboscis Extension Reflex 285

Some Simple Rules of Learning 285

Conditioning of the PER 287

Neuronal Analysis of PER Conditioning 290

Chapter 10 Learning and Memory in Simple Reflex Systems in Aplysia 303

Behavioral Studies in the Gill and Siphon Withdrawal Reflex 305

Nonassociative Learning: Habituation, Dishabituation, and Sensitization 305

Associative Learning: Classical Conditioning 307

Long-Term Memory 310

Cellular Studies of Learning and Memory 312

The Functional Architecture of Withdrawal Reflexes in Aplysia 312

The Cellular Analysis of Behavior in Aplysia 314

Mechanistic Analysis of Sensitization 316

Mechanistic Analysis of Classical Conditioning 321

Mechanistic Analysis of Long-Term Memory 328

Intermediate-Term Memory 338

Chapter 11 Molecular Genetics of Learning and Memory in Drosophila 347

Genetic Dissection of Learning and Memory 348

Olfactory Shock Avoidance Learning 350

Olfactory Learning: The New and Improved Model 353

Mutants as a Window onto Mechanism 356

Physiological Links between Genes and Behavior 360

The Mushroom Bodies Revisited 361

Molecular Dissection of Memory 364

cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase in Transgenic Flies 364

cAMP-Response Element Binding Protein (CREB) in Transgenic Flies 365

Chapter 12 Spatial Navigation in Rats 375

Spatial Learning 376

Maze Learning 377

The Role of the Hippocampus in Spatial Learning and Memory 382

Cells That Code for Space 387

Place Cells in the Hippocampus 388

Head Direction Cells 395

Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus 400

LTP in the CA1 Region of the Hippocampus 401

LTP and Spatial Learning 406

Experiments That Are Knockouts 408

CaMKII Knockout Mice 408

NMDA Receptor Knockout Mice 410.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 421-426) and index.

ISBN:

0878930841

OCLC:

44502455