Handbook on geographic information systems and digital mapping / Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics Division.

Format:

Book

Government document

Contributor:

United Nations. Statistical Division.

Series:

Studies in methods. Series F ; no. 79.

Studies in methods. Series F ; no. 79

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Census--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Census.

Digital mapping--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Digital mapping.

Geographic information systems--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Geographic information systems.

Genre:

Handbooks and manuals.

Physical Description:

viii, 197 pages : illustrations, maps ; 28 cm.

Place of Publication:

New York : United Nations, 2000.

Contents:

A. The role of maps in the census 1

B. The mapping "revolution" 1

C. Increasing demand for local area statistical data 2

D. Scope, purpose and outline of the handbook 3

Chapter II. Pre-enumeration 5

B. Cost-benefit analysis of an investment in digital cartography/geographic 5

1. Costs 6

2. Benefits 10

(a) Efficiency benefits 10

(b) Effectiveness benefits 11

3. Critical success factors 13

C. Planning the census cartographic process 13

2. Needs assessment and determination of mapping options 14

(a) User needs assessment 14

(b) Determination or output products 15

(c) Mapping options 15

3. Institutional issues in setting up a digital mapping program 16

(a) Staffing, responsibilities and training requirements 16

(b) Institutional cooperation 18

(c) Equipment and software for census mapping applications 20

(d) Decentralization of census mapping activities 25

(e) Timing of census mapping activities 25

(f) Process control 27

4. Definition of the national census geography 27

(a) Administrative hierarchy 27

(b) Relationship between administrative and other statistical reporting or management units 28

(c) Delineation of enumeration areas 29

(d) Delineation of supervisory (crew leader) areas 30

(e) Consistency with past censuses 30

(f) Coding scheme 30

5. Geographic information system database design 31

(a) Scope of mapping activities 31

(b) Implementation choices 35

(c) Definition of the geographic information system database structure 36

(d) Metadata development 40

(e) Data quality issues 41

(f) Tiling of national territory into operational zones 44

(g) The digital administrative base map 44

(h) Dealing with disjoint area units 44

(i) Computing areas 45

D. Digital map database development 46

2. Cartographic data sources for enumeration area mapping (secondary data acquisition) 48

(a) Types of maps required 48

(b) Inventory of existing sources 49

(c) Importing existing digital data 49

3. Additional geographic data collection (primary data acquisition) 50

(a) Field techniques overview 50

(b) Global positioning systems 50

(c) Aerial photography 55

(d) Satellite remote sensing 60

4. Geographic data conversion 63

(a) Conversion of hard-copy maps to digital data 63

(b) Digitizing 63

(c) Scanning 65

(d) Editing 68

(e) Constructing topology 68

5. Digital map integration 69

(b) Georeferencing 69

(c) Projection and datum change 70

(d) Coding 71

(e) Integration of separate map segments 71

E. Quality assurance, enumeration area map production and database maintenance 72

2. Draft map production and quality assurance procedures 73

(a) Matching boundaries and attribute files and printing overview maps 73

(b) Quality assurance 73

(c) Verification by local authorities and final administrative unit check 74

3. Enumeration area map printing 74

F. Use of geographic information systems during census enumeration 78

1. Use of digital maps for census logistics 78

2. Monitoring progress of census operations 78

3. Updating and correction of enumeration area maps during enumeration 79

Chapter III. Post-enumeration 81

B. Tasks after the census and during the inter censal period 81

1. Immediate tasks 81

(a) Incorporating updates and changes suggested by enumerators 81

(b) Reconciliation of collection units and tabulation or statistical units 81

2. Database maintenance 83

(a) Database archiving 83

(b) Database maintenance: advantages of a continuous mapping program 83

C. Dissemination of geographic census products 83

1. Planning data dissemination 83

2. Required products 84

(a) Equivalency and comparability files 84

(b) Reference map library 85

(c) Gazetteers and centroid files 85

3. Thematic maps for publication 85

(a) The power of maps 85

(b) Thematic mapping of census data 86

(c) Thematic map production and publication issues 87

(d) Output options 88

4. Digital geographic databases for dissemination 92

(a) Definition of data content 93

(b) Data formats 93

(c) Documentation and data dictionaries 95

(d) Preparation of deliverables 96

(e) Legal and commercialization issues 96

(f) Marketing of digital map products 99

(g) Outreach 100

5. Digital census atlases 100

(a) Static census atlases 100

(b) Dynamic census atlases 101

6. Internet mapping 102

(a) Server-side approaches 103

(b) Client-side approaches 104

(c) Hybrid approaches 104

(d) Opportunities for census data distribution 104

D. Advanced topics: geographic analysis of census data 106

1. Urban area definition/delineation 106

2. Reconciling small area statistics with similar information from previous censuses 106

(a) Aggregation of old enumeration areas to new district boundaries 107

(b) Areal interpolation where boundaries are incompatible 108

(c) Temporal geographic information system databases 112

3. Population data by grid cells 112

Annex I. Geographic information systems 121

Annex II. Coordinate systems and map projections 133

Annex III. Data modelling 145

Annex IV. Example of a data dictionary for distribution 149

Annex V. Thematic map design 153.

Notes:

"ST/ESA/STAT/SER.F/79"

"United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.12"--T.p. verso.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 115-120).

ISBN:

9211614260

OCLC:

45447643