EMI filter design / Richard Lee Ozenbaugh.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Ozenbaugh, Richard Lee.

Series:

Electrical engineering and electronics ; 111.

Electrical and computer engineering ; 111

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Electric filters--Design and construction.

Electric filters.

Electromagnetic interference.

Physical Description:

xviii, 319 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Edition:

Second ed, revised and exp.

Place of Publication:

New York : Marcel Dekker, [2001]

Summary:

Offering simple methods of measuring AC and DC power lines, this long-awaited revised and expanded reference describes the selection of cores, capacitors, mechanical shapes, and styles for the timeliest design, construction, and testing of filters. It presents analyses of matrices of various filter types based on close approximations, observation, and trial and error. Supplying simple parameters and techniques for creating manufacturable, repeatable products, the Second Edition provides insights into the cause and elimination of common mode noise in lines and equipment, explores new data on spike, pulse, trapezoid, and quasisquare waves, and reviews the latest high-current filters.

Contents:

1. Why Call EMI Filters Black Magic? 1

1.1 What Is EMI? 1

1.2 A Standard Filter Company Contrasted with an EMI Company 2

1.3 Power Density Spectrum or Envelope 3

1.4 Power Transfer 4

1.5 specifications: Real or Imagined 5

1.6 The Inductive Input for the 220A Test Method 11

1.7 The 400-Hz Filter Compared with the 50- or 60-Hz Filter 13

1.8 Three-Phase Filters 13

2. Common and Differential Mode

Definition, Cause, and Elimination 15

2.1 Common and Differential Mode Definitions 15

2.2 What Creates Common Mode Noise on the Line Side? 16

2.3 What Creates Common Mode Noise from the Equipment Side? 18

2.4 What Eliminates Common Mode Noise from the Line and Equipment? 19

2.5 What Creates Differential Mode Noise? 22

2.6 Three-Phase Virtual Ground 23

3. EMI Filter Source Impedance of Various Power Lines 25

3.1 Skin Effect 26

3.2 Applying Transmission Line Concepts and Impedances 29

3.3 Applying Transmission Line Impedances to Differential and Common Mode 33

3.4 Differences Among Power Line Measurements 34

3.5 Simple Methods of Measuring AC and DC Power Lines 35

3.6 Other Source Impedances 41

4. The Various AC Load Impedances 43

4.1 Resistive Load 43

4.2 Off-Line Regulator with Capacitive Load 43

4.3 Off-Line Regulator with Inductor Before the Capacitor 52

4.4 The Power Factor Correction Circuit 52

4.5 Transformer Load 55

4.6 The UPS Load 56

5. DC Circuit

Load and Source 57

5.1 Various Source Impedances 58

5.2 Switcher Load 59

5.3 DC Circuit EMI Solutions or Recommendations 61

5.4 Lossy Components 63

5.5 Radiation Emissions 64

6. Typical EMI Filters

Pros and Cons 67

6.1 The [pi] Filter 67

6.2 The T Filter 71

6.3 The L Filter 73

6.4 The Typical Commercial Filter 74

6.5 The Dissipative Filter 75

6.6 The Cauer Filter 77

6.7 The RC Shunt 80

6.8 The Conventional Filters 81

6.9 Matrix

Test Specification and the Filter to Use 81

7. Filter Components

The Capacitor 85

7.1 Capacitor Specifications 85

7.2 Capacitor Construction and Self-Resonance Frequency 86

7.3 Veeing the Capacitor 87

7.4 Margin, Creepage, and Corona

Split Foil for High Voltage 89

7.5 Capacitor Design 91

8. Filter Components

The Inductor 103

8.1 Inductor Styles and Specifications 103

8.2 The Powder Cores 104

8.3 Inductor Design 111

8.4 Converting from Balanced to Unbalanced or the Reverse 113

9. Common Mode Components 115

9.1 Capacitor to Ground 115

9.2 Virtual Ground 116

9.3 Z for Zorro 117

9.4 Converting Common Mode to a Differential Mode Filter 119

9.5 Equations for the Common Mode Via the Differential Mode 125

9.6 Common Mode Inductor Used for Differential Mode 128

9.7 Other Wave Shapes Besides Sine Waves Work 129

10. The Transformer's Addition to the Filter 131

10.1 Transformer Advantages 131

10.2 Isolation 131

10.3 Leakage Current 132

10.4 Common Mode 132

10.5 Voltage Translation

Step Up or Down 132

10.6 The Transformer as Part of an EMI Package 132

10.7 Skin Effect 135

10.8 Review 135

11. Electromagnetic Pulse and Voltage Transients 137

11.1 The Three Theories 139

11.2 The Location of the Arrester 142

11.3 How to Calculate the Arrester 143

11.4 The Gas Tube 146

12. What Will Compromise the Filter? 147

12.1 Specifications

Testing 147

12.2 Power Supplies Either as Source or Load 147

12.3 Transformers: 9- and 15-Phase Autotransformers 148

12.4 Neutral Wire Not Part of the Common Mode Filter 149

12.5 Two or More Filters in Cascade

The Unknown Capacitor 149

12.6 Poor Filter Grounding 150

12.7 The "Floating" Filter 151

12.8 Unknown Capacitor in the Following Equipment 153

12.9 Input and Output Too Close Together 153

12.10 Gaskets 154

13. Waves as Noise Sources 157

13.1 The Spike 157

13.2 The Pulse 159

13.3 The Trapezoid 160

13.4 The Quasi-Square 161

13.5 Why Differentiate? 162

13.6 The Power Spectrum

dB [mu]A/MHz 163

13.7 MIL STD 461 Curve 165

14. Study of the Off-line Regulator 167

14.1 With or Without Critical Value of Inductance

Size and Weight Difference of the Filter 168

14.2 The Added Power Line Harmonic Content Caused by the Off-Line Regulator 175

14.3 Keith Williams' Method 176

15. Initial Filter Design Requirements 177

15.1 Differential Mode Design Goals 177

15.2 Input Impedance of the Differential Mode Filter 178

15.3 Output Impedance of the Differential Mode Filter 179

15.4 Input and Output Impedance for a DC Filter 179

15.5 Common Mode Design Goals 180

15.6 Estimate of Common Mode Load Impedance 181

15.7 Methods of Reducing the Size of the Inductor Due to Inductor Current 184

16. Matrices

Review of A Matrices 187

16.1 Chain Matrix A: Transfer Functions 189

16.2 Review of A Matrices 189

17. The Filter Design Technique 199

17.1 The Unit Matrix 199

17.2 The R[subscript s] Matrix 200

17.3 The LINESIM Matrix 201

17.4 The LISN Matrix 202

17.5 The DIN and DOUT Matrices 207

17.6 The RCSHU Matrix 210

17.7 The Series Inductor, LSER, and the Shunt Capacitor, CSHU 213

17.8 The L Matrix 214

17.9 The [pi] Matrix 215

17.10 The T Matrix 216

17.11 The Cauer Matrix or Elliptic Filter 218

18. Matrix Applications 223

18.1 Single-Phase AC Filter 224

18.2 Three-Phase Filter 227

18.3 Telephone and Data Filters 234

18.4 Impedance-Matched Filters

What Is the Impedance Limit? 235

18.5 Pulse Requirements

How to Pass the Pulse 235

18.6 The DC-to-DC Filter 235

18.7 Low-Current Filters 238

18.8 F[subscript 0]

the Easy Way 240

18.9 Remote High-Voltage Supply Fed from a Local DC Power Supply 246

19. Applications Using Round or Square Conducting Rods 251

19.1 Very High Current Filters 251

19.2 High-Current Second Method 270

19.3 High-Current Method Three 276

19.4 Review of High-Current Filters 277

19.5 Three in Parallel 281

20. Packaging Information 283

20.1 The Layout 283

20.2 Estimated Volume 287

20.3 Volume-to-Weight Ratio 289

20.4 Potting Compounds 290

21. Design Examples 291

21.1 Southeast Asia Filter for the Navy 291

21.2 The Faulty 400 Hz Source 293

21.3 The Round Rod Filter in Chapter 19 295

22. Questionable Designs 297

22.1 28 Volts at 35 Amps 297

22.2 120 Volts, 60 Hz, with Transzorbs 298

22.3 The 28 V DC Filter 299

22.4 120 V AC 400 Hz 301

23. Review of Filter Design 303

23.1 Filter Design Review 303

23.2 Filters in Tandem 307

23.3 Q 311

23.4 Testing the Filters 313.

Notes:

Includes index.

ISBN:

0824789245

OCLC:

45129326