Interviewing : a practical guide for students and professionals / Daphne M. Keats.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Keats, Daphne M.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Interviewing.

Physical Description:

x, 162 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Buckingham [England] ; Philadelphia : Open University Press, 2000.

Summary:

Interviews are increasingly a core part of life in commerce, the professions and in higher education, yet few people are aware of the many skills needed to be a good interviewer. Interviewing: A practical Guide for Students and Professionals is an invaluable guide for all those looking to improve their interviewing skills, whether they are experienced professionals or beginners.

Written in an accessible style and based on a solid framework of theory and research, the book is packed with practical ideas and information about such issues as building rapport and interpreting both verbal and non-verbal responses. It includes chapters on interviewing children, adolescents, older people, people with disabilities, and interviewing across cultures and under situations of stress, as well as case studies, sample interviews, activities for students and chapter summaries.

Contents:

1 Interviewing: When and Why 1

Introduction to the main features which characterise an interview

Differences between interviewing and administering psychological tests and questionnaires

2 The Many Types of Interview 6

The many different contexts in which interviewing is carried out and the different methods and purposes served, from the simplest over-the-counter interaction to the most complex clinical interview

3 The Interviewer-Respondent Relationship 21

A dynamic relationship

Building and maintaining rapport

Interaction of cognitive, social and affective factors

Introducing the use of recording equipment

Interpersonal relationships in developing and closing the interview

Empathy, sympathy and judgemental attitudes

Ethical considerations

Credentials of the interviewer

Issues of anonymity and confidentiality

Care of records

Truth in representing the content and purpose of the interview

4 Constructing the Questions 34

Question formats

Open-ended, multiple-choice, ranking

Combining rating and ranking

Combining written with oral questions

Probing

Wording the questions

Bias

Ambiguity

Choosing the language style

Idiom, joking, metaphors, euphemisms, colloquialisms, fashionable jargon

Politeness norms

Non-verbal cues

Voice

5 The Structure of the Interview 47

The interview as a whole

The opening phase

Establishing your credentials

Introducing the methods to be used

Obtaining factual data

Development of the main themes and closing the interview

Analysing the structure

Simple structure

independent items

Sequential items

chain structure

Branching structure with channelling effects

Sequential structure with simple feedback loops

Branching structure with complex feedback loops

Constellated structures

6 Interpreting the Responses 59

The respondent's behaviour

Inconsistency

Non-cooperation

Evasion

Inaccuracy in recall

Lack of verbal skills

Conceptual difficulty

Emotional state

Interviewer's interpretative skills

Listening skills

Speaking skills

Conceptual skills

Remembering

Awareness of the developing structure

Patience

The silent probe

Encouragement

Immediate clarification

Retrospective clarification

Immediate elaboration

Retrospective elaboration

Mutation

Non-verbal messages

General appearance, body posture, gestures, movement, distance, facial expressions, eye contact, smiling, voice

Interpreting conflicting non-verbal and verbal messages

7 Interviewing in Research 72

When to use interviewing

Problems of post-hoc analysis of old data

The theoretical basis

Sampling

The research design

Preparing the interview schedule

Preparing the response sheets

Pilot studies

Reliability

Validity

Training of interviewers

Coding the responses

Preparation for the analysis

Various methods of qualitative analysis

Use of interviewing in cross-cultural research

Comparability of concepts

Language and translation

Cultural factors affecting interviewing in cross-cultural research

Gaining access and giving feedback

8 Interviewing in Organisational Settings 86

Personnel selection

Problems of prediction of later performance, and the interview panel

The performance appraisal interview

The dismissal interview

9 Interviewing Children 91

Putting yourself at the child's level

Arranging the physical conditions

Something for the child to do

Talking to children

Children's memory and understanding

Children's imagination

Rewards

Duration of the interview

Interview with Joshua

10 Interviewing Adolescents 101

The complex social environment of adolescents and pressures on them

Language of adolescents

Appearance

Non-verbal behaviour

Effects of uneven growth patterns on responses

Adjusting to the conceptual level

Making use of complex structures

The need to be treated as adults

Interview with Adam

Interview with Carlie

11 Interviewing the Aged 115

Perception of agedness as relative

Uses of the interview with old people

Research with the aged

Problems in interviewing

Hearing loss, eyesight, language, mobility, use of equipment, privacy, memory loss

Empathy and sympathy

Keeping to the structure

Non-verbal reactions of the interviewer

Activities for students

12 Interviewing People With Disabilities 121

Applications of interviews as sole source of information or in conjunction with intervention programs

Acquired physical handicaps

Congential disabilities

Sensory disabilities

Visual impairment

Intellectual impairment

Multiple disabilities

13 Interviewing Across Cultures 128

The many aspects of interviewing affected by cultural factors

Communication issues

Using interpreters

Cultural differences

In politeness norms

Names

Dress

Cultural differences in gender roles affecting interviewing

14 Some Difficult Cases 136

Inevitability that some difficult cases will occur

Recognising and coping with the problems

The hostile respondent

The anxious respondent

Prejudice

Acquiescence

Status differences

15 Interviewing in Situations of Stress 143

Situations of high levels of stress

Reliability of eye-witnesses

Children as witnesses

Statement validity analysis, and criteria-based content analysis

The cognitive interview

Videotaping of children as witnesses

Critical incident stress de-briefing.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 155-158) and index.

ISBN:

0335206670

OCLC:

59406920