The associative economy : insights beyond the welfare state and into post-capitalism / Franco Archibugi.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Archibugi, Franco.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Capitalism.

Welfare state.

Social change.

Production (Economic theory).

Physical Description:

373 pages ; 23 cm

Place of Publication:

New York : St. Martin's Press, 2000.

Summary:

Are Welfare States in crisis? Forty years after Gunnar Myrdal's seminal Beyond the Welfare State it is still little grasped in the "reform" debate that the whole structure and economies of our societies are being transformed. This book reasserts the importance of a new t employment and productive model -- that of the "associative economy" -- which integrates social solidarity with economic planning.

Contents:

1 From Social Protection to Social Integration: A Glance at the Major Social Issues in the Advanced Countries 1

1 Social Protection and Social Integration 1

1.1 Social protection versus social integration? 2

1.2 The Welfare State and social integration 3

1.3 Social integration from industrial to post-industrial society 4

1.4 From the present shortcomings to a new type of social integration 5

2 The Contextual Challenges 5

2.1 The relationship between the active and non-active population: a mystification 5

2.2 The impact of the technological revolution 7

2.3 Poverty and marginalization 9

3 The Possible Perspective Issues 10

3.1 The de-institutionalization of social roles 10

3.2 De-scholarization and 'permanent education' 12

3.3 Cutting down working time 13

3.4 Towards guaranteed income 14

4 Employment and Activities Planning or the Crisis of the Welfare System 15

5 Summarizing the Transition Towards Social Integration and Planning 16

6 Brief Scheme Indicating How the Subject Will Be Treated, or Schedule of This Book 20

Part 1 Critical Analysis of the Social Change 23

2 Structural Change: A Reappraisal of the Various Approaches 25

1 What is Meant by 'Structural Change' in the Contemporary Economy? 25

2 The Technological Approach 27

2.1 The historians of technology 27

2.2 Technology: is it exogenous or endogenous to economic progress? 28

3 The Economic Approach 29

3.1 The internal dynamic of economic progress 29

3.2 The Schumpeterian objection 31

3.3 The Rostow objections to the theories of economic development 37

3.4 Sylos Labini's answers 41

3.5 Beyond the economics of technological change 45

4 The Historical-Institutional Approach 50

4.1 The Marxian approach 51

4.2 The Marxian ambiguities 52

4.3 The 'managerialist' transformation 55

4.4 Persistent unilaterality of the 'Marxist' explanation 59

5 The Sociological Approach 61

5.1 Does a sociological approach exist? 61

5.2 The political factor in Weberian tradition 63

5.3 The technological roots of planning rationality 64

5.4 Re-evaluation of the political factor 65

3 Structural Change: Towards a Convergence of Various Approaches 69

1 Convergence 69

1.1 Convergence as the historical synthesis of change 69

1.2 A comprehensive vision of social transformation 71

2 The Crisis of Traditional Disciplinary Approaches 71

3 The Qualitative Change 78

3.1 The importance of qualitative change 78

3.2 Value, quality, evaluation and social choice 80

4 The Emergence of a Programmatic Approach to Change 82

4 The Change in the Structure of Consumption and the 'Tertiarization' Process 84

1 Growth and Industrialization as the Development of Mass Production 84

1.1 The interaction between technologies and final consumption 84

1.2 The first phase of industrialization: from non-mass consumption to mass consumption 85

1.3 Industrialization, productivity, development, redistribution 86

2 The Most Recent Changes in the Structure of Final Consumer Demand and in the Industrialization Model 87

3 The Historical Model of Mass Production and the Policies Implied (Fordism and Keynesism) 90

3.1 Adaptation of mass production to mass consumption 90

3.2 The discount of future productivity 91

3.3 The negative conditions for a productivity discount 91

3.4 The 'margins' of productivity increase 92

4 The 'Tetiarization' Process 93

4.1 The saturation of material goods and the growing demand for immaterial goods 93

4.2 The need for the differentiation of consumption 94

4.3 'New' demand and development 94

4.4 'Over-industrialization' 94

4.5 Towards a new model of society 95

5 The Change in the Structure of Production 97

1 Visions of the Crisis in Industrial Production 97

1.1 Various ways of recording the crisis 97

1.2 The crisis as 'dependency effect' 98

1.3 The industrial 'diffusion' 101

1.4 The 'theory' of industrial dualism 101

1.5 The crisis of mass production and the 're-emergence of the craft paradigm' 103

1.6 Beyond industrial diffusion 104

1.7 The 'decline' of global productivity 105

1.8 The explosion of the demand for public services 105

1.9 The development of the non-mercantile exchange 106

2 The Productive Dichotomy of the Economy 107

2.1 The increasing dichotomy between high-productivity and low-productivity sectors 107

2.2 The employment and incomes features of structural change 108

3 Changes Induced in the Concept of Development, Welfare and Employment 109

3.1 The idea of a 'steady state' economy 109

3.2 A different way of measuring welfare 111

3.3 A different way of conceiving and measuring employment 113

3.4 Policy implications of the new way to conceive employment 117

6 The Change in the Labour Market 119

1 The Basic Divergence Between the Traditional Labour Supply and Demand 120

1.1 The demand for 'quality-labour' 120

1.2 The personalization of labour and the new entrepreneurship 120

2 The New Behaviour of Labour Supply 122

3 The Case of Unemployment: Persistence of Inadequate Models of Interpretation 124

3.1 An optimal level of disaggregation in modelling 124

3.2 Past and future in modelling unemployment 127

3.3 Past and future in designing employment policies 128

4 Towards a New, Specific Labour-Market Policy 130

7 The Service Society versus the Industrial Society 133

1 The Substitution of Labour: A Constant Pattern of the Industrial Society Model 133

2 Human Labour at Zero Productivity in the Service Society Model 134

3 Economic Implications of the Change of Model 135

3.1 Performance indicators 135

3.2 The role of 'investment' 135

3.3 Basic economic motivations 136

3.4 The motivation and role of saving 136

4 Employment Typology 138

5 'Industrial Relations' Typology 140

6 The Role of the State 141

7 The Emergence of a 'Third' Sector 144

8 The Process of Redistribution in the Two Models of Society 147

1 The Redistribution of Labour and Income 147

1.1 The continuous dislocation of labour in industrial society 147

1.2 A misunderstanding about the usefulness of 'non-productivistic' sectors 148

1.3 The weight of the two sectors and differential characteristics of the distributive process in the two models 149

1.4 The characteristics of the redistributive process in the evolution of the industrial society model 150

1.5 The role of inflation in the redistributive process in the industrial society model 151

1.6 The role of inflation in the redistributive process in the service society model 152

1.7 Models of society and theories of capital 153

2 Differential Characteristics of the Distributive Processes in the Two Models of Society 154

2.1 Further analysis of the transitional relationship of productivity

prices from the industrial society to the service society model 155

2.2 Factors and circumstances which may limit the inflationary effect of productivity in the industrial society model 157

2.3 Inflation and 'unemployment-by-productivity' 159

9 The Expansion and Decline of Public Services 161

1 An Evolution in the Role and Concept of Public Service 161

2 The Meaning and Effects of the Expansion of Public Services 163

3 The Crisis Factors of the Public Sectors and Services 167

3.1 The financial limits of the state 168

3.2 Lack of efficiency, effectiveness and performance measure 170

3.3 Disaffection and dislike 172

4 Concluding Remarks: Towards a Reform of the Welfare State 172

Part II Critical Analysis of the Management Problems of the Change 175

10 Beyond the Welfare State 177

1 'Welfare State' and 'Welfare Society' 177

1.1 A 'logical' analysis of the Welfare State 177

1.2 On equilibrium, disequilibrium, 'market' and the organizational society 178

2 Managing the 'Crisis' of the Welfare State 179

3 The Appropriate Reorganization of the Welfare State: Societal Planning 181

11 Beyond Capitalism? 184

1 Social

Democracy, the Political Left in General, and Planning 184

2 'Alternatives' to Capitalism? A False Problem 185

3 Planning as an Essential Condition for the Passage to a 'Welfare Society' 187

3.1 On the so-called 'failures' of planning 187

3.2 The fundamental 'operations' of planning: income and labour mobility planning 189

3.3 The plan as a decision framework of reference and as a process 191

4 Social Bargaining, or Negotiation, as a Premise for Planning Efficiency 192

4.1 The traditional planning operators 192

4.2 The motivations of the social operators 193

5 The Crisis of 'Entrepreneurship' 195

5.1 The crisis of entrepreneurship as a motivational crisis of the operators 195

5.2 A new type of entrepreneurship: 'the Private Collective' 197

6 Towards the Institutionalization of the 'Independent' Sector 199

6.1 The relationship between the operational sectors 200

6.2 The 'third sector' and the general economic system 201

6.3 The 'third sector' and the welfare society 202

12 A New Social Model: The Associative Economy 204

1 The Emerging Forms of the Third Sector 204

1.1 The third sector in the USA 204

1.2 The third sector in Europe 205

1.3 A comparative vision of the third sector 209

2 The Expansion of the Third Sector 210

2.1 Current statistics: employment, expenditure, activity fields, financing 211

2.2 The substitution effect 212

3 Some Interpretations of the Third Sector 216

3.1 State failure theories 216

3.2 Market failure theories 216

3.3 Non-profit economy and ideology 218

3.4 'Third party government' hypothesis 219

3.5 'Functional dilettantism' hypothesis 220

4 A Structural Approach: The Third Sector in the Post-Industrial Economy 220

5 Further Guidelines for the Third Sector 222

5.1 The need for a better operational definition of the third sector 222

5.2 For a new institutional regulation of the associative economy 225

6 The Financing of the Associative Sector 226

6.1 Possible forms of public financing of the associative sector 227

6.2 New forms of 'private' and at the same time 'collective' financing of the associative sector and its statistical recording 228

6.3 Trade-union funds for investment 230

7 The Role of the Trade Unions in the Management of the Labour Market and of the New Forms of Production and Employment 232

8 Promotion of the Associative Sector in the Framework of a Comprehensive Plan of Development 233

13 New Policies and Instruments 235

1 New Tasks for the Public Sector 235

2 The Financial Limits of the State 235

2.1 General alternatives to public intervention 237

2.2 New criteria for managing public intervention 238

3 The Future of Strategic Planning 241

3.1 The new 'regulatory' role of the public sector 241

3.2 Central planning and direct intervention 242

3.3 Articulated or 'systemic' planning 244

4 Planning-Oriented Collective Bargaining 245

5 Planning-Oriented Social Accounting 247

6 Planning and the New Unionism 248

7 Planning and the Organized Consumer Movement 250

8 The 'Democratic' Meaning of Strategic Planning 252.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0312223803

OCLC:

41548424