Parameters and universals / Richard S. Kayne.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Kayne, Richard S.

Series:

Oxford studies in comparative syntax

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Grammar, Comparative and general--Syntax.

Grammar, Comparative and general.

Principles and parameters (Linguistics).

Linguistic universals.

Romance languages--Syntax.

Local Subjects:

Romance languages--Syntax.

Physical Description:

xiv, 369 pages ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2000.

Summary:

This is a collection of previously published essays on comparative syntax by the distinguished linguist Richard Kayne. The papers cover issues of comparative syntax as they are applied to French, Italian, and other Romance languages and dialects, together forming a strongly cohesive set that will be valuable to both scholars and students.

Contents:

I. Romance

1. Microparametric Syntax: Some Introductory Remarks 3

2. Past Participle Agreement in French and Italian 10

2.1 Problems 10

2.2 Locality 12

2.3 Solutions 15

2.4 Subjects 21

3. Facets of Romance Past Participle Agreement 25

3.1 A unified theory 26

3.2 Expletives 29

3.3 ECM 31

3.4 Wh- vs. clitics 32

3.5 Postverbal NPs 34

3.6 Aux-to-comp 35

4. Null Subjects and Clitic Climbing 40

4.1 Clitic climbing 40

4.1.1 No restructuring rule 40

4.1.2 Intervening adverbs 41

4.1.3 Adjunction is to the left 42

4.2 Constraints on Clitic Climbing 43

4.2.1 Infinitival I 43

4.2.2 Causatives 43

4.2.3 Negation as head 44

4.2.4 Stepwise climbing 44

4.2.5 Blocking by C 46

4.2.6 Clitic splitting 47

4.2.7 Impersonals 49

4.2.8 Tense 51

4.3 French vs. Italian 51

4.3.1 Easy-to-please 51

4.3.2 Infinitival if 53

4.3.3 Auxiliaries 54

5. Romance Clitics, Verb Movement, and PRO 60

5.1 Romance clitics 61

5.1.1 Infinitives 61

5.1.2 Past participles 68

5.1.3 Split clitics 71

5.1.4 Finite verbs 73

5.2 PRO 74

5.2.1 English 74

5.2.2 French 76

5.2.3 Italian 79

5.2.4 Romance 80

5.2.5 Infinitive adjunction interferes with C[superscript 0]-government 81

5.2.6 Binding theory and PRO 83

5.2.7 Levels 85

6. Italian Negative Infinitival Imperatives and Clitic Climbing 98

6.1 Infinitives in negative imperatives 98

6.2 Clitic climbing 100

6.3 Licensing of the empty modal 100

6.4 Overt modals in negative imperatives 101

7. Toward a Modular Theory of Auxiliary Selection 107

7.1 Possessive constructions 108

7.1.1 Hungarian 108

7.1.2 English 108

7.1.3 Possessive have 110

7.2 Auxiliary + past participle 111

7.2.1 English auxiliary have 111

7.2.2 Unaccusatives with have 112

7.2.3 Transitives with have 114

7.2.4 Unergatives 115

7.2.5 Transitives and unergatives with be 115

7.2.6 Reflexive clitics with be 117

7.2.7 Sensitivity to tense 119

7.2.8 Unaccusatives revisited 120

7.2.9 Reflexive clitics with have 122

7.2.10 Have for be 123

8. Person Morphemes and Reflexives in Italian, French, and Related Languages 131

8.1 m- and t- 131

8.1.1 French possessives 131

8.1.2 French nonpossessives 133

8.1.3 Italian 134

8.1.4 m-/t- and number 135

8.1.5 n-/v- in French 137

8.1.6 Italian n- and v- 138

8.1.7 m-/t- versus l- 139

8.2 s- 142

8.2.1 Reflexive s- 142

8.2.2 Reflexive s- and number 145

8.2.3 Further restrictions on -e 147

8.2.4 A restriction on reflexive s- 148

8.2.5 Reflexive s- and Condition B 149

8.2.6 Pronominal s- 150

8.2.7 A further question 151

8.2.8 Morphology and Anaphora 152

9. A Note on Clitic Doubling in French 163

9.1 Cardinaletti and Starke (1994) 164

9.2 Clitic doubling in French 164

9.3 Proposal 165

9.4 Gapping 166

9.5 Subjects 167

9.6 More gapping 169

9.7 Modified pronouns 171

9.8 Quantifiers 172

9.9 Quantifiers with covert nonclitic pronouns 173

9.10 More on the third-person restriction on covert nonclitic pronouns 174

9.11 An extension to covert subjects 176

9.12 Soi 177

II. English

10. Notes on English Agreement 187

10.1 -s as a number affix 187

10.2 Verb agreement with a wh-phrase 190

10.3 Raised auxiliaries are below C 193

10.4 English vs. French 194

10.5 Negation and emphasis as heads 195

10.6 Zero suffixes 197

10.7 Contraction 200

10.8 Amn't 202

11. Agreement and Verb Morphology in Three Varieties of English 206

11.1 English has inflection for number but not for person 206

11.2 Num is contentful or expletive 207

11.3 Extracted elements may adjoin to NumP 208

11.4 Analysis 209

12. The English Complementizer of 212

III. Universals

13. Overt versus Covert Movement 223

13.1 Negation 224

13.1.1 Scandinavian 224

13.1.2 English 226

13.1.3 More complex VPs 228

13.1.4 no versus some 230

13.1.5 Wide-scope negation 231

13.1.6 Subject-object asymmetry 234

13.2 Only 234

13.2.1 Similarities to negation 234

13.2.2 An important difference between only and some negation 237

13.2.3 Attraction by only 238

13.2.4 Attraction by Neg[superscript 0] and not 240

13.2.5 More on wide scope 241

13.2.6 Subject and pre-subject only and negation 242

13.3 Other elements related to only and negation 244

13.3.1 Even 244

13.3.2 Too 245

13.3.3 Focus 248

13.3.4 Universal grammar 249

13.3.5 Heavy-NP shift 250

13.3.6 German nur (= only) 252

13.3.7 Scandinavian negation 253

13.3.8 Covert movement 254

13.3.9 German 256

13.3.10 Scope ambiguities with two quantifiers 257

13.3.11 A digression on particles 260

13.3.12 ACD 260

14. Prepositional Complementizers as Attractors 282

14.1 The nominal character of French and Italian infinitives 283

14.2 French and Italian infinitives do not occupy DP positions 286

14.3 Attraction to de/di 288

14.4 The preposition restriction 291

14.5 The subject restriction 292

14.6 Topicalization, dislocation, and extraposition 292

14.7 English to: similarities 297

14.8 English to: differences 299

14.9 English to: negation 301

15. A Note on Prepositions, Complementizers, and Word Order Universals 314

15.1 Prepositional complementizers 315

15.2 of 315

15.3 Extraposition 317

15.4 Word order universals 320

15.5 Further word order universals 322.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 327-355) and index.

ISBN:

0195102363

0195102355

OCLC:

41832936