Handbook of mobile radio networks / Sami Tabbane.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Tabbane, Sami.

Series:

Artech House telecommunications library

Artech House mobile communications series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Mobile communication systems--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Mobile communication systems.

Genre:

Handbooks and manuals.

Physical Description:

xii, 619 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

Boston ; London : Artech House, [2000]

Summary:

Here's a comprehensive system-level treatment of the total realm of mobile radio communications -- complete coverage of both the basic concepts and the systems themselves -- to help you improve performance, increase productivity, and save time.

Part One, Basic Concepts, gives you a concise introduction to the main topics and techniques involved in mobile radio systems. You can brush up on classic areas such as propagation and signal processing, and get up to speed on more recent techniques and concepts such as security, planning, and mobility management. In Part Two, The Systems, you take an inside look at all categories of terrestrial mobile radio systems. Again you cover both traditional topics such as cellular and cordless systems, and more recent focuses such as mobile radio communications systems, paging, or radio data network systems. In fact, all recent standards are dealt with: TETRA, DECT, PACS, PHS, GSM, IS-95, PDC, CDPD, IEEE 802.11, and HYPERLAN.

Contents:

1.1.1 Phase One: Theoretical Foundations 2

1.1.2 Second Phase: Development and Applications 2

1.1.3 Third Phase: Mobile Services for the General Public 4

1.1.4 Evolution of Mobile Systems 5

1.1.5 Equipment Development 6

1.2 Differences Between Fixed Networks and Mobile Networks 8

1.2.1 Limited Spectrum 8

1.2.2 Fluctuating Quality of Radio Links 8

1.2.3 Unknown and Variable Access Points 8

1.3 Management of the Spectrum and Standardization 9

1.3.1 International Organizations 9

1.3.2 European Organizations 10

1.3.3 Some U.S. Organizations 11

Appendix 1A Frequency Bands and Some Services and Applications 14

2 Propagation in a Mobile Radio Environment 17

2.1 Antenna Basic Elements 18

2.1.1 Principal Antenna Characteristics 19

2.1.2 Common Antennas 23

2.1.3 Coupling Loss Between Antennas 25

2.1.4 Parameters to Be Specified When Designing or Selecting Antennas 26

2.1.5 Power (Link) Budget 27

2.2 Mobile Radio Propagation 27

2.2.1 Pathloss 29

2.2.2 Attenuation Caused by Vegetation 32

2.2.3 Attenuation Due to Atmosphere 32

2.2.4 Diffraction and Fresnel Region 33

2.2.5 Multipath 33

2.2.6 Delay-spread 34

2.2.7 Rayleigh Fading 39

2.2.8 Doppler Shift 45

2.2.9 Indoor Environment Propagation Characteristics 46

2.2.10 Propagation in Dense Urban Environments 47

2.3 Interference and Noise 48

2.3.1 Noise 48

2.3.2 Interference 49

2.4 Propagation Prediction Models 53

2.4.1 Statistical Methods 54

2.4.2 Exact Methods and Ray Tracing/Launching 62

Appendix 2A Noise That Can Affect Radio Reception 70

2A.1 Internal Noise Sources 70

2A.2 External Noise Sources 71

Appendix 2B Decibels 72

Appendix 2C Determination of the Plane Earth Propagation Formula 73

3 Access

Radio Channel Definitions and Resource Access 77

3.1 Multiple-Access Methods 78

3.1.1 Definitions

Narrowband and Wideband Systems 78

3.1.2 Frequency-Division Multiple Access 82

3.1.3 Time-Division Multiple Access 83

3.1.4 Code-Division Multiple Access 88

3.2 Random Access Protocols 100

3.2.1 Protocols Nonslotted and Without Carrier Sensing 103

3.2.2 Carrier Sensing Protocols 104

3.2.3 Non-Sensing Slotted Protocols 110

3.2.4 Reservation-Based Framed Protocols 113

Appendix 3A TDMA System Measures of Efficiency 117

Appendix 3B Throughputs of Some Random Access Protocols 119

4 Protecting Against Channel Imperfections 123

4.1 Mechanisms Implemented in the Transmission System 124

4.1.1 Review of the Transmission System 124

4.1.2 Modulation 125

4.1.3 Error Control: ARQ and FEC 131

4.1.4 Equalization 143

4.1.5 Interleaving 146

4.2 Diversity Techniques 147

4.2.1 Microdiversity Techniques 148

4.2.2 Macrodiversity Techniques 151

4.3 Adaptive Antennas 152

4.3.1 Array Antennas 152

4.3.2 Smart Antennas 153

4.3.3 Space-Division Multiple Access Technique (SDMA) 155

4.3.4 Advantages and Drawbacks of Array Antennas 158

5 Security 163

5.1 Definitions and General Problems 163

5.1.1 Complexity of the Problem 164

5.1.2 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Protection 165

5.1.3 Attacks and Origin of Security Problems 165

5.1.4 Security Services and Mechanisms as Defined in the OSI Model 168

5.2 Confidentiality Problems 168

5.2.1 Confidentiality Levels 168

5.2.2 Data to Be Protected 169

5.3 Protection Methods 169

5.3.1 Communications Confidentiality: Ciphering or Encryption 171

5.3.2 Location Confidentiality by Use of Implicit Addresses 180

5.3.3 Access Security: Integrity and Authentication 180

5.3.4 Personalization and Telepersonalization 185

5.3.5 Some Methods in the Struggle Against Fraud 187

5.4 Examples of Security Feature Implementation 190

5.4.1 Authentication in the CT2 and DECT Systems 190

5.4.2 Authentication in Cellular Systems 192

5.5 Conclusions

Future Systems Security Features 198

Appendix 5A Cryptographic Key Distribution Methods 199

6 Resource Management in Cellular Systems 205

6.1 History 206

6.2 The Cellular Concept 207

6.2.1 Frequency Reuse 207

6.2.2 Reuse Distance and Number of Cells per Cluster 209

6.2.3 Capacities 222

6.2.4 Link Budget 223

6.3 System Capacity Expansion Techniques and Network Quality Improvement 229

6.3.1 Frequency Hopping 230

6.3.2 Discontinuous Transmission and Packet Transmission Mode 231

6.3.3 Power Control 233

6.3.4 Dynamic Channel Allocation 235

6.4 Basic Cellular System Architecture 237

6.4.1 The Network Subsystem 238

6.4.2 The BSS 239

7 Cellular Planning and Engineering 247

7.1 Cellular Planning Elements 248

7.1.1 Importance of the Cellular Planning Process 248

7.1.2 Objectives and Problems in Cellular Planning 248

7.1.3 Coverage Objectives 250

7.1.4 Main Steps 250

7.2 Traffic Dimensioning Basics 251

7.2.1 Traffic Load Prediction 252

7.2.2 Quality of Service Parameters 260

7.2.3 Cell Dimensioning 263

7.2.4 Dimensioning Process for a GSM Network 265

7.3 Planning Stages of a Cellular Network 267

7.3.1 Radio Planning 267

7.3.2 Fixed Network Planning 278

7.4 System Tuning: Example of the GSM BSS 284

7.5 Increasing the Capacity of a Cellular Network 288

7.5.1 Adding New Channels 289

7.5.2 Channel Borrowing 291

7.5.3 Modification of the Cell Reuse Pattern 292

7.5.4 Cell Splitting 293

7.5.5 Sectorization 295

7.5.6 Down-Tilting 295

7.5.7 Cell Layering 297

7.5.8 Trends Toward the Microcellular Techniques 299

7.5.9 Capacity Solutions Comparison 299

Appendix 7A Quality of Service 301

Appendix 7B Erlang Formulas 303

Appendix 7C Erlang Table Example 306

8 Mobility Management 311

8.1 Management of Radio Mobility: The Handover Procedure 312

8.1.1 Basic Handover Principle 314

8.1.2 Growing Importance of the Handover Procedure 314

8.1.3 The Various Handover Phases 316

8.1.4 Various Kinds of Handover Seen by the Network 324

8.1.5 Evaluation of the Handover Procedure 327

8.1.6 Handover Traffic 331

8.1.7 Handover Procedures in Analog Systems 331

8.1.8 Handover in Second-Generation Systems 332

8.1.9 Handover in Third-Generation Systems 333

8.2 Network Mobility: Cell Selection and Roaming 334

8.2.1 Cell Selection/Reselection Process 334

8.2.2 Location Management 336

8.2.3 Mobility Management in the Fixed and Mobile Networks: The UPT Concept 352

Appendix 8A Location Management Methods for Third-Generation Systems 355

8A.1 Memoryless Methods 356

8A.1.1 Database Architecture 356

8A.1.2 Optimizing Fixed Network Architecture 356

8A.1.3 Combining Location Areas and Paging Areas 357

8A.1.4 Multi-layer LAs 357

8A.1.5 A Procedure for Reducing Signaling Message Exchanges 359

8A.2 Memory-Based Methods 359

8A.2.1 Short-Term Observation for Dynamic LA and PA Sizes Assigning/Adjusting 359

8A.2.2 Individual User Patterns 360

8A.2.3 Predicting Short-Term Movements of the Subscriber 361

8A.2.4 Mobility Statistics 361

Appendix 8B Main UPT Features 362

9 Professional Mobile Radio 369

9.1 Historic and General Background 370

9.1.1 Definition and General Background 371

9.1.2 PMR Categories According to User Needs 371

9.1.3 Categorization of Users and Organizations 375

9.1.4 PMR General Categorization 375

9.1.5 PMR Categorization According to Their Operation 376

9.2 PMR Services 377

9.2.1 PMR Characteristics 377

9.2.2 Services Offered 379

9.3 Conventional PMR Systems 382

9.3.1 Architecture of Conventional Radio Networks 382

9.3.2 Weaknesses of Conventional Radio Systems 389

9.4 Trunk Radio Networks 390

9.4.1 History of Trunked Systems 390

9.4.2 Efficiency of the Trunking Method 390

9.4.3 Trunking Architecture 391

9.4.4 Engineering 398

9.4.5 TETRA 399

9.4.6 TETRAPOL 413

9.4.7 Conventional PMRs Comparison/Analog Trunk/Digital Trunk 418

9.4.8 Short-Range

Business Radio 418

9.5 PMR Evolution 419

10 Cordless Systems and Applications 421

10.1 Basic Principles and Applications 422

10.1.1 Characteristics 423

10.1.2 Applications 425

10.2 Examples of Cordless Systems 433

10.2.1 CT2 433

10.2.2 DECT 441

10.2.3 PHS 450

10.2.4 PACS System 454

11 Paging Systems 463

11.1 Concepts and Basic Principles 464

11.1.1 Architecture 465

11.1.2 Signaling Methods 467

11.1.3 Transmission Channels 468

11.1.4 Services 469

11.1.5 Engineering 470

11.2 Examples of One-Way Paging Systems 476

11.2.1 Eurosignal 476

11.2.2 POCSAG 478

11.2.3 Ermes 482

12 Cellular Networks 497

12.1 First-Generation Systems 499

12.1.1 Radiocom 2000 System 500

12.1.2 AMPS 505

12.1.3 NMT System 509

12.2 Second-Generation Systems 513

12.2.1 The GSM System 513

12.2.2 The D-AMPS System 522

12.2.3 The IS-95 System 524

12.2.4 Personal Digital Cellular System 532

Appendix 12A GSM Functionality in Its Different Phases 540

13 Wireless Data Networks 543

13.1 Wireless Local Area Networks 544

13.1.1 Types of Wireless LAN Systems 545

13.1.2 Classification According to the Technique Used 545

13.1.3 Wireless LANs Applications 548

13.1.4 The HIPERLAN Standard 549

13.1.5 The 802.11 Standard 557

13.2 Wide Area Wireless Data Networks 563

13.2.1 Types of Systems and Evolution 563

13.2.2 ARDIS 564

13.2.3 The Mobitex System 565

13.2.4 Cellular Digital Packet Data 571

13.2.5 General Packet Radio Service 576.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1580530095

OCLC:

42786166