Concrete, masonry, and brickwork : a practical handbook for the home owner and small builder / U.S. Department of the Army.

Format:

Book

Government document

Contributor:

United States. Department of the Army.

Series:

United States. Department of the Army. Field manual ; no. 5-428.

Standardized Title:

Concrete and masonry.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Concrete construction.

Masonry.

Bricklaying.

Physical Description:

vii, 307 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm

Place of Publication:

Mineola, NY : Dover Publications, 1999.

Summary:

A popular Dover title for many years in its earlier edition (10 printings!), this practical handbook offers a small builders and homeowners the perfect text on the basic principles of construction with concrete, concrete blocks, and bricks. This latest edition has been totally redesigned, with much of the text re-written, and new up-to-the-minute information added. Clearly explained and amply illustrated, this easy-to-use guide covers all the essential techniques and procedures for construction at many different levels -- from simple patching jobs to the more complicated demands of professional construction work. Topics include proportioning concrete mixtures, form design and construction, reinforced concrete construction, mortar and scaffolding, bricklaying methods and much more. Over 170 easy-to-follow figures illuminate the step-by-step instructions, while valuable statistical information appears in convenient table form for easy reference. Revised and enlarged in 1998, this classic handyman's guide is certain of continued success with the legions of do-it-yourselfers, homeowners and small construction businesses.

Contents:

Part 1. Concrete

Section I. Basic Consideration 1

Concrete Composition 1

Concrete As a Building Material 3

Section II. Desirable Concrete Properties 4

Plastic Concrete 4

Hardened Concrete 4

Chapter 2. Concrete Components 1

Section I. Cements 1

Portland Cements 1

Section II. Water 4

Purpose 4

Impurities 4

Section III. Aggregates 6

Characteristics 6

Impurities 14

Handling and Storing 14

Section IV. Admixtures 15

Definition and Purpose 15

Air-entrained Concrete 16

Chapter 3. Proportioning Concrete Mixtures 1

Section I. Method Considerations 1

Selecting Mix Proportions 1

Basic Guidelines 1

Section II. Trial-Batch Method 6

Basic Guidelines 6

Example Using the Trial-Batch Method 7

Section III. Absolute-Volume Method 10

Basic Guidelines 11

Example Using the Absolute-Volume Method 11

Variation in Mixtures 14

Adjustments for Moisture on Aggregates 14

Chapter 4. Form Design and Construction 1

Section I. Principles 1

Importance of Form Design 1

Form Characteristics 1

Form Materials 2

Forming 3

Section II. Design 5

Design Considerations 5

Basis of Form Design 5

Panel-Wall Form Design 6

Bracing for Wall Forms 17

Overhead Slab Form Design 20

Concrete Slab on Grade Thickness Design 27

Column Form Design 33

Section III. Construction 35

Foundation Forms 35

Column and Footing Forms 38

Panel Wall Forms 39

Stair Forms 41

Steel Pavement Forms 43

Oiling and Wetting Forms 43

Safety Precautions 44

Form Failure 44

Section IV. Joints and Anchors 46

Joints 46

Anchor Bolts 51

Chapter 5. Construction Procedures 1

Section I. Reconnaissance 1

Determining Possible Difficulties 1

Specific Considerations 1

Section II. Site Preparation 2

Building Approach Roads 2

Clearing and Draining the Site 2

Ensuring Adequate Drainage 2

Locating the Building Site 2

Stockpiling Construction Materials 3

Locating Batching Plants 3

Constructing Safety Facilities 3

Section III. Excavation 3

Excavation and Shoring Considerations 3

Section IV. Formwork 5

Management Aspects 5

Time Element 5

Section V. Mixing 6

Principles 6

Measuring Mix Materials 6

Hand Mixing 7

Machine Mixing and Delivery 8

Section VI. Handling and Transporting 14

Principles 14

Delivery Methods 14

Section VII. Placement 20

Importance of Proper Procedures 20

Preliminary Preparation 20

Placing Concrete 21

Consolidating Concrete 23

Placing Concrete Underwater 25

Section VIII. Finishing 28

Finishing Operations 28

Finishing Pavement 31

Cleaning the Surface 32

Section IX. Curing 33

Importance of Curing to Hydration 33

Curing Methods 34

Section X. Temperature Effects 37

Hot-Weather Concreting 37

Cold-Weather Concreting 40

Section XI. Form Removal 45

Form Stripping 45

Form Removal Procedures 47

Section XII. Repairing 47

New Concrete 47

Old Concrete 50

Chapter 6. Reinforced-Concrete Construction 1

Section I. Development And Design 1

Principles and Definitions 1

Reinforced-Concrete Design 3

Section II. Structural Members 4

Reinforcement 4

Slab and Wall Reinforcement 7

Section III. Reinforcing Steel 7

Grades, Designations, and Methods 7

Placement 13

Section IV. Precast Concrete 16

Definition and Characteristics 16

Design 19

Prefabricating 19

Transportation 20

Erecting 21

Part 2. Masonry

Chapter 7. Basic Equipment and Components 1

Section I. Mason's Tools And Equipment 1

Definition 1

Tools 1

Equipment 4

Section II. Mortar 4

Desirable Properties 4

Mixing Mortar 7

Section III. Scaffolding 9

Construction and Safety 9

Types of Scaffolding 9

Materials Tower 12

Elevator 13

Chapter 8. Concrete Masonry 1

Section I. Characteristics of Concrete Block 1

Nature and Physical Properties 1

Concrete Block Masonry Unit 3

Section II. Construction Procedures 5

Modular Coordination and Planning 5

Walls and Wall Footings 7

Subsurface Drainage 7

Basement Walls 11

Floor and Roof support 11

Weathertight Concrete Masonry Walls 11

Intersecting Walls 24

Lintels 25

Sills 25

Patching and Cleaning Block Walls 25

Section III. Rubble 28

Rubble Stone Masonry 28

Random Rubble Masonry Materials 28

Laying Rubble Stone Masonry 30

Chapter 9. Brick and Tile Masonry 1

Section I. Characteristics Of Brick 1

Physical Properties and Classification 1

Strength of Brick Masonry 3

Weather Resistance 4

Fire Resistance 5

Abrasion Resistance 5

Insulating Qualities of Brick Masonry 5

Section II. Bricklaying Methods 6

Fundamentals 6

Brick Masonry Terms 6

Types of Bonds 8

Flashing 10

Making and Pointing Mortar Joints 10

Mortar Joints 10

Picking and Spreading Mortar 10

Making Bed and Head Joints 12

Inserting a Brick in a Wall 14

Making Cross Joints and Joint Closures 15

Cutting Brick 16

Finishing Joints 19

Section III. Brick Construction 19

Bricklayer's Duties 19

Bricktender's Duties 19

Laying Footings 19

Laying an 8-inch Common-Bond Brick Wall 21

Laying a 12-inch Common-Bond Brick Wall 29

Protecting Work Inside Walls 29

Using a Trig 31

Constructing Window and Door Openings 31

Lintels 33

Corbeling 35

Arches 35

Wateright Walls 37

Fire-Resistant Brick 40

Mortar 40

Types of walls 40

Manholes 42

Supporting Beams on a Brick Wall 44

Maintaining and Repairing Brick Walls 45

Cleaning New Brick and Removing stains 45

Cleaning Old Brick 45

Flashing 48

Freeze Protection During Construction 49

Material Quantities Required 51

Section IV. Reinforced brick masonry 51

Applications and Materials 51

Construction Methods 52

Beams and Lintel Construction 54

Foundation Footings 54

Columns and Walls 55

Section V. Structural Clay-Tile Masonry 58

Structural Clay Tile 58

Physical Characteristics of Structural Clay Tile 61

Applications 63

Mortar Joints 63

Laying an 8-inch Brick Wall with a 4-inch Hollow-Tile Backing 64

Laying an 8-inch Structural Clay Tile Wall 65

Appendix A. Conversion Table 1

Appendix B. Method of Making Slump Test 1

Apparatus 1

Test Specimens 2

Procedure 2

Slump Measurement 2

Supplementary Test Procedure 2

Appendix C. Field Test for Moisture Deformation on Sand 1.

Notes:

"An unabridged, unaltered republication of Field manual no. 5-428, Concrete and masonry, originally published at the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. in 1998 ..."--Bibliographical note.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0486409309

OCLC:

41380378