Capital, coercion, and crime : bossism in the Philippines / John T. Sidel.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Sidel, John Thayer, 1966-

Series:

Contemporary issues in Asia and the Pacific

East-West Center series on contemporary issues in Asia and the Pacific

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Local government--Philippines.

Local government.

Local officials and employees--Philippines.

Local officials and employees.

Philippines.

Local Subjects:

Local government--Philippines.

Physical Description:

xii, 225 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1999.

Summary:

This book focuses on local bossism, a common political phenomenon where local power brokers achieve monopolistic control over an area's coercive and economic resources. Examples of bossism include Old Corruption in eighteenth-century England, urban political machines in the United States, caciques in Latin America, the Mafia in Southern Italy, and today's gangster politicians in such countries as India, Russia, and Thailand.

For many years, the entrenchment of numerous provincial warlords and political clans has made the Philippines a striking case of local bossism. Yet writings on Filipino political culture and patron-client relations have ignored the role of coercion in shaping electoral competition and social relations. Portrayals of a "weak state" captured by a landed oligarchy have similarly neglected the enduring institutional legacies of American colonial rule and the importance of state resources for the accumulation of wealth and power in the Philippines.

The author, by contrast, argues that the roots of bossism in the Philippines lie in the inauguration of formal democratic institutions at a relatively early stage of capitalist development. Poverty and insecurity leave many voters vulnerable to clientelist, coercive, and financial pressure, and the state's central role in capital accumulation provides the basis for local bosses' economic empires and political machines. These contradictions have encouraged bossism in the Philippines, as well as in other countries.

The book elaborates these arguments through case studies of bosses in two Philippine provinces, Cavite and Cebu. The contrast between single-generation gangster politicians in Cavite and enduring commercialdynasties in Cebu reveals variation in the forms of bossism that reflect variations in the local political economies of the two provinces. Comparisons between bosses over successive historical periods highlight the gradual transformation of bossism through capitalist development. In sum, Capital, Coercion, and Crime provides a comparative historical analysis of bossism, drawing conclusions of great interest not only to scholars of Southeast Asia but to students of comparative politics as well.

Contents:

1. Bossism and State Formation in the Philippines 1

2. Small-Town Bosses: The Mafia-Style Mayors of Cavite 23

3. The Provincial Warlords of Cavite, 1896-1995 51

4. The Small-Town Dynasties of Cebu 81

5. The District-Level Dynasties of Cebu 101

6. A Provincial Dynasty: The Osmenas of Cebu City 124

7. Bossism in Comparative Perspective 140.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [195]-214) and index.

ISBN:

0804737452

0804737460

OCLC:

41619512