European money trails / Ernesto U. Savona in co-operation with Francesca Manzoni.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Savona, Ernesto Ugo, 1943-

Contributor:

Manzoni, Francesca.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Money laundering--Europe.

Money laundering.

Organized crime--Europe.

Organized crime.

Commercial crimes.

Europe.

Money--Law and legislation--Criminal provisions.

Money.

Commercial crimes--Europe.

Physical Description:

viii, 221 pages ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

The Netherlands : Harwood Academic Publishers, 1999.

Summary:

European Money Trails examines trends in organized crime across Europe, including money laundering methods & the mechanisms & instruments used to conceal the disposal of the proceeds of crime. These are then related to the risks posed to criminals by law enforcement, leading to an analysis of changes in patterns of criminal organizations. By drawing on primary & other authoritative sources, Savona provides a report on national experiences of criminal organization unavailable elsewhere. It will prove especially useful to policymakers & users, as well as scholars looking to understand the criminal dynamics that underlie sophisticated, international offending.

Contents:

Operational definition of organised crime and money laundering 2

The money laundering phenomenon in literature 4

The research problem 7

Methodology 7

2. The Geography of the Organised Crime - Money Laundering Cycle in the European Union 11

Europe: A crowded market place and crossroads 11

The increase in trafficking routes and onward transmission through key European points 12

Money laundering in the European Union and beyond 13

Reshaping old methods through new approaches 15

3. The European Legislative Framework 19

International instruments 19

The Basle declaration 20

The 1988 United Nations convention 21

The Financial Action Task Force forty recommendations 22

The 1990 Strasbourg convention 24

Regional instrument: European Union Directive 91/308 against money laundering 25

Preamble 25

Criminal conduct and predicate offences of money laundering 26

Institutions covered by the money laundering legislation 27

Obligations of credit and financial institutions 29

4. Interactions Between Money Laundering Activities and Anti-Money Laundering Policies: Country Profiles 35

European Union member countries 35

Money laundering activities and responses in the European Economic Area 137

The European Union Directive beyond the borders of the Union 137

Money laundering activities and responses of EFTA/EEA countries 138

The European Association agreements 145

The impact of the Directive on Eastern European countries 145

Profile of Eastern countries 147

Offshore countries with special links to European Union member countries 153

Tax havens in the European area 154

5. Trends 177

Organised crime trends in the European Union 177

Developing a mix of illicit and legitimate businesses 177

Changing structures and relations of criminal organisations 182

Money laundering trends in the European Union 185

The instruments: acquiring tangible assets 186

Moving away from banks 186

More professionals in money laundering activities for better management 187

Implementing the European Union Directive in the member states and beyond 188

Criminalisation of money laundering 189

Institutions covered by the Directive 191

Non-European Union countries covered by the Directive 193

Agencies fighting money laundering 195

6. Policy Implications: More Market, Less Crime 203

Extending the category of predicate offences to include all serious crimes 203

Extending money laundering regulations to unregulated sectors 204

Improving the organisational aspects of the anti-money laundering regime 206

Towards more effective international co-operation 207.

ISBN:

9057023628

OCLC:

50920025