Teaching in American schools / Robert J. Stevens, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Stevens, Robert J., 1952-

James Hosmer Penniman Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Teaching--United States.

Teaching.

United States.

Physical Description:

xx, 305 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Merrill, [1999]

Contents:

1 Preparing Teachers to Serve a Diverse and Changing Society / Jane Stallings 1

2 Supporting Novice Teachers: Negotiating Successful Mentoring Relationships / Carolyn M. Evertson, Margaret W. Smithey 17

Data Collection and Analysis 21

The Mentor-Intern Relationship: A Year-Long Process 22

Affirming the Mentor and Intern 22

Interpreting the Mentor Role 23

Validating the Mentor and the Intern 24

Integrating the Novice Into the Teaching Role 25

Sharing Teaching Responsibilities 27

Redefining Self as Teacher of Adults 29

Revising the Supporting Role 30

Ending the Relationship: Reflecting on Identities as Intern and Mentor 32

3 Developing a Commitment to Social Justice in Teacher Education / David C. Berliner 41

An American Dilemma 42

Characteristics of a Strong Professional 44

The Articulative Dimension of Strong Professionalism 44

The Operational Dimension of Strong Professionalism 46

The Political Dimension of Strong Professionalism 46

A Knowledge Base for Teacher Education 47

Knowledge About the Effects of Punishment 48

Knowledge About Retaining Children in Grade 49

Knowledge About Bilingual Education 50

Knowledge About Tracking 51

Other Knowledge with Moral Implications 52

4 Theory, Norms, and Intentionality in Process-Product Research on Teaching / N. L. Gage 57

Process-Product Research on Teaching 57

Criticisms of PPRT 58

The Criticism of Atheoretical Posture 59

The Criticism on "Normative" Grounds 60

The Criticism of Significance of Results 61

The Criticism of Disregard of Intentionality 62

The Intentionality of Researchers on Teaching 72

The Variety of Intentions in Research on Teaching 72

Research Programs 75

5 Direct Instruction and Diversity / Russell Gersten, Robert Taylor, Anne Graves 81

What Is Direct Instruction? 82

Core Components of Direct Instruction 83

Providing Explicit Strategies or Frameworks 83

Teaching Through Examples 85

Ensuring Student Success Through Attention to Details of Curriculum 86

Ensuring Student Success Through Empirically Based Teaching Practices 86

Providing Relevant Background Knowledge 87

Examples of Problems with Conventional Curricula 88

Major Implementation Research 89

Future Research: Contemporary Trends 91

Relationship Between Direct Instruction and Authentic Problem Solving 92

Relationship of Direct Instruction to Culturally Relevant Instruction 92

Content-Area ESOL Instruction 93

6 Educating Young Students at Risk of School Failure: Research, Practice, and Policy / Robert E. Slavin 103

Prevention and Early Intervention 104

Interventions From Birth to Age Three 106

Preschool Interventions 107

Kindergarten Interventions 107

Retention, Developmental Kindergarten, and Transitional First Grades 108

Class Size and Instructional Aides 19

Nongraded Primary Programs 109

One-to-One Tutoring 110

Improving Curriculum, Instruction, and Classroom Management 110

Combining Multiple Strategies 111

Success for All 112

Implications for Practice 113

How Many Students Can Succeed, at What Cost? 114

7 Teaching Effective Discourse Patterns for Small-Group Learning / Alison King 121

Interaction and Learning 122

Promoting Effective Discourse 124

Discourse Patterns for Mediating Generative Learning 125

Discourse Patterns for Mediating Knowledge Construction 125

Knowledge Construction Discourse 126

Extended Knowledge-Construction Discourse Pattern 129

Comprehension Discourse Pattern 131

Implications for Practice 134

Research Directions in Group Interaction and Learning 135

8 Teaching Peer Relationship Competence in Schools / Wendy Troop, Steven Asher 141

The Contribution of Peer Relationships to Social Development and School Adjustment 142

Peer Relationships and Healthy School Adjustment 143

Peer Relationships and Loneliness 144

Peer Relationship Problems and Academic Achievement 145

Identifying Children with Peer Relationship Problems 146

Measuring Acceptance 147

Measuring Friendship 148

Sociometric Measures and Younger Children 148

Ethical Considerations in Sociometric Measures 149

Helping Children with Peer Relationship Problems 150

The Behavioral Basis of Acceptance and Friendship 150

Teaching Children Relationship Skills 155

9 Reading Instruction in American Classrooms: Practice and Research / Bonnie Armbruster, Jean Osborn 173

Reading Instruction: Practice 174

Swings of the Reading Pendulum 174

Basal Reading Programs 176

Whole Language 179

Reading Instruction: Research 182

Classroom Observations 182

Cognition and Reading Comprehension Instruction 184

Beginning Reading 187

10 The Architecture of Literacy Activities: Patterns in Classrooms and Potentials for Learning / Charles Fisher, Elfrieda H. Hiebert 195

A Field Study of Classroom Literacy Activities 197

Observations of Classroom Literacy Activities 200

Patterns in Literacy Tasks and Activities 204

Literacy Activities and Potential for Learning 212

Structuring and Restructuring Knowledge 213

Classroom Tasks and Classroom Talk 215

Next Steps for Teachers, Teacher Educators, and Researchers 217

Some Implications for Practice 219

11 Middle School Literacy Instruction / Robert J. Stevens, Lyyne A. Hammann, Timothy R. Balliett 221

Historical Roots of Middle School 221

Same Problems, Different Grades 222

Instruction in Middle Schools 223

Middle School Mismatch 224

Cognitive Mismatch 224

Social Mismatch 224

Middle School Literacy Instruction 225

A Conceptual Basis for Change 225

Changing Middle School Literacy Instruction 226

Integration of Reading and English Classes 226

Literature as the Basis for Reading Instruction 226

Meaningful Follow-up Activities for Students 227

Instruction on Text Comprehension Strategies 227

Focus Instruction in Language Arts on Writing 228

Using Instructional Activities to Promote Learning and More Positive Peer Relations 228

Student Team Reading and Writing 229

Teams 230

Integration of Reading and English Classes 230

Reading Instruction 231

Writing Instruction 233

Research on the Student Team Reading and Writing Model 235

12 Designing and Delivering Effective Mathematics Instruction / Marcy Stein, Douglas Carnine 245

Programs That Work 247

The Missouri Mathematics Effectiveness Project 248

Cooperative Learning 248

ClassWide Peer Tutoring 249

Direct Instruction 250

Instructional Design 252

Instructional Strands 253

Rate of Introducing New Skills and Concepts 255

Clarity of Explanations 256

Instructional Delivery 260

The Opportunity to Learn Mathematics 262

Instructional Grouping 263

13 Teaching Social Studies for Understanding, Appreciation, and Life Application / Jere Brophy, Janet Alleman 271

Process-Outcome Research 272

Research on Teaching for Understanding and Use of Knowledge 275

Shifting Attention to Curricular Issues 277

Critiques of Elementary Social Studies Textbooks 278

The Need for Goal-Oriented Instructional Planning 281

Topical Units as the Basis for Planning 282

Selecting and Representing Content 283

Planning and Implementing Learning Activities 284

Assessing Development and Change in Students' Social Studies Knowledge 286

Learning and Teaching About Cultural Universals 288

Implications for Practice 291

Considerations for Future Research 292.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the James Hosmer Penniman Book Fund.

ISBN:

0132340712

OCLC:

39706796