Creep of metals and alloys / by R.W. Evans and B. Wilshire.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Evans, R. W.

Contributor:

Wilshire, B.

Series:

Book (Institute of Metals) ; 304.

Institute of Metals ; Book 304

Predictive and quantitative metallurgy series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Metals--Creep.

Metals.

Alloys--Fatigue.

Alloys.

Metals--Fatigue.

Physical Description:

314 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

London : Institute of Metals, [1985]

Summary:

The text has been prepared by the leaders of a research group which, over several decades, has established a reputation for reliable experimentation and the presentation of controversial and stimulating ideas. This manuscript is no exception, beginning with a balanced introductory coverage of the subject at undergraduate level and ending with a challenging alternative to traditional theoretical and practical approaches to creep and creep fracture.

Two critical advances emerge from comprehensive reviews of published experimental observations and theoretical ideas, which are extended by careful analyses of new high-precision data obtained for materials ranging from superpurity aluminium to commercial steels and superalloys. Firstly, a quantitative theoretical model is evolved which predicts the detailed strain/time behaviour recorded following stress changes during creep, so resolving the controversies surrounding the use of different stress-change procedures for identification of the mechanisms controlling high temperature creep. Secondly, special attention is given to the theoretical basis and practical applicability of a new approach, termed the Theta Projection Concept, which not only offers a coherent explanation for many anomalies associated with conventional interpretations of creep and creep fracture behaviour but also allows short-term data derived from tests lasting less than three months to be used to predict the full creep strain and creep life characteristics of complex alloys for times up to 10 years and more.

In addition to these important advances, this clear and lucid text provides an integrated source of information on topics ranging from the design of creep equipment to rejuvenative procedures for creep life enhancement. Irrespective of whether readers will support or oppose the innovative concepts included, it will be impossible to ignore the impact of this major contribution to the literature available to scientists and engineers concerned with theoretical and practical problems in the field of creep and creep fracture.

Contents:

Deformation Processes during Creep 3

Deformation Mechanism Maps 9

Fracture and Fracture Maps 15

Alloy Strengthening Processes 22

Materials for High Temperature Service 27

2. Uniaxial Creep Testing 37

Tensile Creep Testing 38

Creep Testing in Compression 45

Constant Stress Creep Equipment 52

Causes of Scatter in Creep Testing 56

The Influence of Material Variables on Data Scatter 63

3. Primary and Secondary Creep Behaviour 69

Primary and Secondary Creep Curve Fitting 70

Representation of Creep Data for Pure Metals 77

Microstructural Observations during Creep of Pure Metals 85

Creep Behaviour of Single-Phase Alloys 93

Creep Behaviour of Particle-Hardened Alloys 104

4. Dislocation Creep Processes 114

Dislocation Creep Mechanisms at Low and High Temperatures 115

Stress-Change Experiments during Power-Law Creep 122

Stress-Change Behaviour during Creep of Aluminium 135

A Phenomenological Interpretation of Stress-Change Behaviour 144

A Microstructural Model for Creep 149

5. Tertiary Creep and Fracture

Cavity Formation during Creep 157

Theories of Cavity Development 167

Damage Accumulation in Creep-Resistant Alloys 175

Rejuvenation 184

Representation of Tertiary Creep and Rupture Data 189

6. The [theta] Projection Concept 197

Creep and Fracture of 1/2Cr1/2Mo1/4V Ferritic Steel 202

Interpolation and Extrapolation of Data 209

Primary and Tertiary Creep Processes 217

Rationalization of Creep Data 228

Constitutive Equations 237

Appendix A Finite Element Analysis for Creeping Structures 257

Appendix B Constant Stress Lever Calculations 266

Appendix C Creep Curve Parameter Estimation 274

Appendix D Grain Boundary Phenomena in Polycrystals 295.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0904357597

OCLC:

20467449