Natural hybridization and evolution / Michael L. Arnold.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Arnold, Michael L. (Michael Lynn)

Series:

Oxford series in ecology and evolution

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Hybridization.

Evolution (Biology).

Physical Description:

xiii, 215 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

New York : Oxford University Press, 1997.

Summary:

The occurrence of natural hybridization has far-reaching implications in the evolution of some plant and animal species complexes. This paradigm is not new. However, it seems to have fallen on hard times during the past several decades. Contrary to the popularly held view of natural hybridization as maladaptive or even a violation of divergent evolution, this book presents evidence that it plays a significant role in furthering diversification in organisms.

Natural Hybridization and Evolution examines the role of crosses between genetically divergent individuals as a creative force in organismal evolution. Instead of concentrating on natural hybridization as a tool for defining barriers to gene exchange, this text encourages the examination of these barriers to facilitate genotype predictions. The array of hybrid genotypes, after all, represents the material for evolution.

Contents:

1 Natural Hybridization: Definitions and History 3

1.2 Natural hybridization: History of investigations 5

2 Natural Hybridization and Species Concepts 11

2.2 The Biological Species Concept 13

2.3 The Recognition Species Concept 16

2.4 The Cohesion Species Concept 18

2.5 The Phylogenetic Species Concept 19

2.6 Natural hybridization and species concepts: Illuminators or impediments? 20

3 Natural Hybridization: Frequency 23

3.2 Frequency and distribution of natural hybridization in plants 24

3.2.1 The fossil record 25

3.2.2 Floral surveys 26

3.2.3 Heterogeneities 26

3.2.4 Phylogenetic approach 29

3.2.5 Phylogenetic approach and falsifying hybrid speciation hypotheses 41

3.3 Frequency and distribution of natural hybridization in animals 44

3.3.1 Bosmina fossil record 45

3.3.2 Surveys of taxonomic groups 47

3.3.3 Heterogeneities 50

3.3.4 Phylogenetic approach 52

4 Reproductive Parameters and Natural Hybridization 64

4.2 Premating barriers in plants 66

4.3 Premating behavior in animals 69

4.3.1 The per locus 69

4.3.2 Gamete recognition 74

4.4 Post-insemination processes in animals 78

4.4.1 Podisma and Chorthippus 79

4.4.2 Allonemobius 79

4.4.3 Tribolium 80

4.5 Post-pollination barriers in plants 83

4.5.1 Haplopappus 84

4.5.2 Perennial species of Helianthus 87

4.5.3 Annual species of Helianthus 87

4.5.4 Iris fulva x I. hexagona 90

4.5.5 Iris fulva x I. brevicaulis 94

4.6 Self- and hetero-incompatibility 98

4.6.1 Self-incompatibility: Introduction 99

4.6.2 Self- and hetero-incompatibility in plants: Similarities and differences 105

4.6.3 Postzygotic inviability and hybrid formation 106

4.6.4 Hetero-incompatibility in animals and plants: common patterns and a model 108

5 Natural Hybridization: Concepts and Theory 113

5.2 Bounded Hybrid Superiority model 116

5.3 Mosaic model 118

5.4 Tension Zone model 122

5.4.1 Expectations 123

5.5 Fitness estimates of hybrids and their parents 140

5.5.1 Chromosome races of Sceloporus grammicus 143

5.5.2 Mercenaria mercenaria and M. campechiensis 144

5.5.3 Artemisia tridentata ssp. tridentata and A. t. ssp. vaseyana 144

5.5.4 Iris fulva and I. brevicaulis 145

5.6 A new conceptual framework: The "Evolutionary Novelty" model 147

5.6.1 Rarity of F[subscript 1] formation, recency of contact, and the association of hybridization with ecotones and disturbance 148

5.6.2 Formation of later generation hybrids 150

5.6.3 Exogenous and endogenous selection and the structuring of hybrid zones 151

6 Natural Hybridization: Outcomes 155

6.2 Natural hybridization and the origin of evolutionary lineages 156

6.2.1 Homoploid speciation 156

6.2.2 Polyploid speciation 160

6.3 Outcomes of natural hybridization 162

6.3.1 Natural hybridization, positive selection, and introgression 162

6.3.2 Natural hybridization, introgression, and habitat invasion 172

6.3.3 Natural hybridization and conservation biology 175

7 Natural Hybridization: Emerging Patterns 182

7.1 Viewpoint redefined 182

7.2 Vision redefined 183.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 187-211) and index.

ISBN:

0195099745

0195099753

OCLC:

34878916