Soil behaviour and critical state soil mechanics / David Muir Wood.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Muir Wood, David, 1949-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Soil mechanics.

Physical Description:

xxiii, 462 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Cambridge [England] ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Summary:

Soils can rarely be described as ideally elastic or perfectly plastic and yet simple elastic and plastic models form the basis for most traditional geotechnical engineering calculations. With the advent of cheap powerful computers the possibility of performing analyses based on more realistic models has become widely available. One of the aims of this book is to describe the basic ingredients of a family of simple elastic-plastic models of soil behaviour and to demonstrate how such models can be used in numerical analyses. Such numerical analyses are often regarded as mysterious black boxes, but a proper appreciation of their worth requires an understanding of the numerical models on which they are based. Though the models on which this book concentrates are simple, understanding them will inform us how more sophisticated models will perform. David Muir Wood is a professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Glasgow in Scotland.

Contents:

1 Introduction: models and soil mechanics 1

1.1 Use of models in engineering 1

1.2 Soil: volumetric variables 5

1.3 Effective stresses: pore pressures 12

1.4 Soil testing: stress and strain variables 16

1.4.1 Triaxial apparatus 16

1.4.2 Other testing apparatus 28

1.5 Plane strain 31

1.6 Pore pressure parameters 33

2 Elasticity 37

2.1 Isotropic elasticity 37

2.2 Soil elasticity 40

2.3 Anisotropic elasticity 46

2.4 The role of elasticity in soil mechanics 52

3 Plasticity and yielding 55

3.2 Yielding of metal tubes in combined tension and torsion 57

3.3 Yielding of clays 65

3.4 Yielding of sands 76

3.5 Yielding of metals and soils 81

4 Elastic-plastic model for soil 84

4.2 Elastic volumetric strains 85

4.3 Plastic volumetric strains and plastic hardening 89

4.4 Plastic shear strains 98

4.4.1 Frictional block 99

4.4.2 Plastic potentials 102

4.4.3 Normality or associated flow 103

4.5 General plastic stress: strain relationship 106

4.6 Summary: ingredients of elastic-plastic model 107

5 A particular elastic-plastic model: Cam clay 112

5.2 Cam clay 113

5.3 Cam clay predictions: conventional drained triaxial compression 118

5.4 Cam clay predictions: conventional undrained triaxial compression 126

6 Critical states 139

6.1 Introduction: critical state line 139

6.2 Two-dimensional representations of p':q:v information 144

6.3 Critical states for clays 149

6.4 Critical state line and qualitative soil response 158

6.5 Critical states for sands and other granular materials 162

7 Strength of soils 175

7.1 Introduction: Mohr-Coulomb failure 175

7.2 Critical state line and undrained shear strength 179

7.3 Critical state line and pore pressures at failure 186

7.4 Peak strengths 188

7.4.1 Peak strengths for clay 196

7.4.2 Interpretation of peak strength data 205

7.4.3 Peak strengths for sand 207

7.5 Status of stability and collapse calculations 213

7.6 Total and effective stress analyses 215

7.7 Critical state strength and residual strength 219

8 Stress-dilatancy 226

8.2 Plastic potentials, flow rules, and stress-dilatancy diagrams 226

8.3 Stress-dilatancy in plane strain 229

8.4 Work equations: 'original' Cam clay 236

8.5 Rowe's stress-dilatancy relation 239

8.6 Experimental findings 244

8.7 Strength and dilatancy 250

9 Index properties 256

9.2 Fall-cone test as index test 257

9.3 Properties of insensitive soils 262

9.4 Background to correlations 277

9.4.1 Liquid limit 277

9.4.2 Plastic limit 280

9.4.3 Plasticity and compressibility; liquidity and strength 282

9.4.4 Liquidity and critical states 285

9.4.5 Liquidity and normal compression 290

9.5 Sensitive soils 296

9.6 Strength and overburden pressure 301

10 Stress paths and soil tests 310

10.2 Display of stress paths 312

10.3 Axially symmetric stress paths 314

10.3.1 One-dimensional compression of soil 314

10.3.2 One-dimensional unloading of soil 320

10.3.3 Fluctuation of water table 327

10.3.4 Elements on centreline beneath circular load 328

10.4 Plane strain stress paths 330

10.4.1 One-dimensional compression and unloading 330

10.4.2 Elements beneath long embankment 331

10.4.3 Elements adjacent to long excavation 333

10.4.4 Element in long slope 335

10.5 General stress paths 336

10.6 Undrained strength of soil in various tests 337

10.6.1 Modes of undrained deformation 337

10.6.2 Undrained strengths: Cam clay model 342

11 Applications of elastic-plastic models 354

11.2 Circular load on soft clay foundation 355

11.2.1 Yielding and generation of pore pressure 355

11.2.2 Yielding and immediate settlement 365

11.2.3 Yielding and coefficient of consolidation 369

11.2.4 Yielding and long-term settlement 372

11.3 Finite element analyses of geotechnical problems 376

11.3.1 Inhomogeneities within a triaxial test specimen 377

11.3.2 Centrifuge model of embankment on soft clay 382

11.3.3 Experimental embankment on soft clay at Cubzac-les-Ponts 393

12 Beyond the simple models 414

12.1 Introduction: purpose of models 414

12.2 Effects of time 414

12.3 Inelastic elastic response 422

12.4 Evolution of yield loci 434

12.5 Concluding remarks: applicable models 444.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

0521332494

0521337828

OCLC:

20796864